基于ArcGIS空间插值的河套灌区土壤水盐运移规律与地下水动态研究

马贵仁; 屈忠义; 王丽萍; 贾咏霖; 刘祖汀

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2021.04.029

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基于ArcGIS空间插值的河套灌区土壤水盐运移规律与地下水动态研究

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 基于ArcGIS空间插值的河套灌区土壤水盐运移规律与地下水动态研究
- Research on Soil Water and Salt Movement and Groundwater Dynamics in Hetao Irrigation District Based on ArcGIS Spatial Interpolation
- 水土保持学报 2021年35卷第4期页码：208-216
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 内蒙古农业大学水利与土木建筑工程学院,呼和浩特,010018
  2. 内蒙古农业大学寒旱区灌溉排水研究所,呼和浩特,010018
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "马贵仁(1996-),男,在读硕士研究生,主要从事盐碱地综合治理及水盐运移研究。E-mail:315205168@qq.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金项目（51869019）内蒙古自治区科技成果转化项目（CGZH2018138）
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2021.04.029
  中图分类号： S274;X523
- 纸质出版：2021
- 稿件说明：
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马贵仁, 屈忠义, 王丽萍, 等. 基于ArcGIS空间插值的河套灌区土壤水盐运移规律与地下水动态研究[J]. 水土保持学报, 2021,35(4):208-216.

MA Guiren, QU Zhongyi, WANG Liping, et al. Research on Soil Water and Salt Movement and Groundwater Dynamics in Hetao Irrigation District Based on ArcGIS Spatial Interpolation[J]. 2021, 35(4): 208-216.
马贵仁, 屈忠义, 王丽萍, 等. 基于ArcGIS空间插值的河套灌区土壤水盐运移规律与地下水动态研究[J]. 水土保持学报, 2021,35(4):208-216. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2021.04.029.

MA Guiren, QU Zhongyi, WANG Liping, et al. Research on Soil Water and Salt Movement and Groundwater Dynamics in Hetao Irrigation District Based on ArcGIS Spatial Interpolation[J]. 2021, 35(4): 208-216. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2021.04.029.

摘要

为探明河套灌区盐渍化半封闭小型灌域作物生育期土壤盐分和地下水变异规律，选取巴彦淖尔市五原县盐渍化土壤典型区域作为研究区。采用区域土壤—地下水信息定点监测法，选取149个采样点，30口地下水观测井，获得各项指标数据，并结合经典统计学、空间插值、相关性回归分析等方法，研究了土壤盐分及地下水动态空间变异性、不同深度土壤空间变化特征及其与地下水埋深相关性。结果表明：4—10月各土层土壤含盐量平均降幅为5.53%，研究区1 m深土壤处于脱盐状态，耕作层土壤盐分向深层土壤运移。地下水埋深主要影响因子为引黄灌溉水量、蒸发作用和研究区地势；在春灌期（4—6月）地下水矿化度平均值由2.81 g/L降至2.38 g/L，6—10月地下水矿化度平均值逐渐增加至2.66 g/L，地下水矿化度一般在春灌前期4—5月较大，春灌期较小，秋收后在二者之间。在春灌和作物生长双重抑盐作用影响下，0—20 cm土壤盐分平均值秋收后较春播前下降32.08%，生育期内土壤盐分向深层土壤（40—100 cm）运移，土壤盐分含量与土层深度成反比，且随土层深度增加对土壤盐分分布变化的影响逐渐减弱。0—20，20—40 cm土壤盐分在同时期大于4.0 g/kg的盐分分布面积在4月分别为85.63%，9.71%，在10月分别为42.37%，15.86%，40—100 cm随土层深度增加土壤盐分减小的趋势趋于平缓。随浅层地下水埋深的增大土壤盐分逐渐减小，采取有效措施将地下水埋深降低0.2 m，控制在1.8~2.2 m更佳。

Abstract

In order to explore the variation of soil salinity and groundwater during crop growth period in semi closed irrigation area of Hetao irrigation district

the typical saline soil area in Wuyuan County

Bayannaoer

was selected as the study area. Based on fixed monitor of the regional soil-groundwater information

149 sampling points and 30 groundwater observation wells were selected to collect data. Combined with classical statistics

spatial interpolation

and correlation regression analysis methods

the relationship between soil salinity and groundwater spatial dynamics

soil salinity

and groundwater depth was studied. The results showed that from April to October

the soil salt content of each soil layer decreased by 5.53% on average. The 1 m deep soil in the study area was desalinated

and the surface salt migrated to the deep soil. The main influencing factors of groundwater depth were irrigation water volume from the Yellow River

evaporation

and topography distribution in the study area. During the spring irrigation period (April to June)

the average groundwater salinity decreased from 2.81 to 2.38 g/L

and the average groundwater salinity increased to 2.66 g/L from June to October. The groundwater mineralization was low during the spring irrigation period

increased after autumn harvest

and was high in the early spring irrigation from April to May. Due to the influence of irrigation and crop growth

the average soil salinity of 0—20 cm after autumn harvest decreased by 32.08%. During the growth period of crops

soil salinity migrated to deep soil (40—100 cm)

and soil salinity was inversely proportional to depth

As the depth increases

the change in soil salt distribution gradually weakened. The area of 0—20 cm and 20—40 cm soil that had salinity greater than 4.0 g/kg in the same period was 85.63% and 9.71% in April

42.37% and 15.86% in October. With the increase of soil depth from 40 cm to 100 cm

the decreasing trend of soil salinity tended to be gentle. With the increase of shallow groundwater depth

soil salinity gradually decreased

and effective measures should be taken to reduce the groundwater depth by 0.2 m

which is better to control within from 1.8 to 2.2 m.

关键词

Keywords

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