调亏微喷灌对高寒荒漠区人工草地产量、品质及水分利用的影响

汪精海; 李广; 余晓雄; 康燕霞; 银敏华; 齐广平; 马彦麟

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2021.04.028

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调亏微喷灌对高寒荒漠区人工草地产量、品质及水分利用的影响

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 调亏微喷灌对高寒荒漠区人工草地产量、品质及水分利用的影响
- Effects of Regulated Deficit Micro-sprinkler Irrigation on the Yield, Quality and Water Utilization of Artificial Grassland in Alpine Desert Area
- 水土保持学报 2021年35卷第4期页码：200-207
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 甘肃农业大学林学院,兰州,730070
  2. 甘肃农业大学水利水电工程学院,兰州,730070
  3. 甘肃省水利水电勘测设计研究院有限责任公司,兰州,730070
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "汪精海(1981-),男,博士研究生,主要从事水土保持与荒漠化防治研究。E-mail:wangjh@gsau.edu.cn" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家重点研发计划项目"水资源高效利用专项"（2016YFC0400304）甘肃农业大学水利水电工程学院青年教师科技创新基金项目（SLXY-QN-2020-07）甘肃省高校创新基金项目（2020B-131，2019A-57）
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2021.04.028
  中图分类号： S275.6
- 纸质出版：2021
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
汪精海, 李广, 余晓雄, 等. 调亏微喷灌对高寒荒漠区人工草地产量、品质及水分利用的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2021,35(4):200-207.

WANG Jinghai, LI Guang, YU Xiaoxiong, et al. Effects of Regulated Deficit Micro-sprinkler Irrigation on the Yield, Quality and Water Utilization of Artificial Grassland in Alpine Desert Area[J]. 2021, 35(4): 200-207.
汪精海, 李广, 余晓雄, 等. 调亏微喷灌对高寒荒漠区人工草地产量、品质及水分利用的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2021,35(4):200-207. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2021.04.028.

WANG Jinghai, LI Guang, YU Xiaoxiong, et al. Effects of Regulated Deficit Micro-sprinkler Irrigation on the Yield, Quality and Water Utilization of Artificial Grassland in Alpine Desert Area[J]. 2021, 35(4): 200-207. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2021.04.028.

摘要

为获得高寒荒漠区兼顾牧草产量和品质的较优灌水调控模式，推动微喷灌和调亏灌溉技术在人工草地生产中的应用，采用大田试验对比分析了2种种植模式（燕麦单播和燕麦+箭筈豌豆混播）与7种水分调控（拔节期轻度亏水65%~75%，拔节期中度亏水55%~65%，拔节期重度亏水45%~55%，开花期轻度亏水65%~75%，开花期中度亏水55%~65%，开花期重度亏水45%~55%，以全生育期充分灌水75%~85%为对照）对牧草产量、品质（茎叶比、粗蛋白含量与产量、酸性洗涤纤维ADF含量和中性洗涤纤维NDF含量）和水分利用效率的影响，并采用AHP层次分析法和熵权法对牧草多指标赋权，基于TOPSIS模型构建评价体系，以筛选较优水分调控模式。结果表明：（1）随水分亏缺程度的加剧，牧草产量呈降低趋势，同一灌水条件下，燕麦+箭筈豌豆混播的干草产量（7 811.1~14 490.1 kg/hm2）高于燕麦单播（7 022.3~12 242.7 kg/hm2）。（2）同一种植模式下，随灌水亏缺程度的提高，NDF和ADF含量呈先减小后增大的趋势，粗蛋白含量、产量和牧草WUE、IWUE呈先增大后减小的趋势。（3）综合评价得出，燕麦+箭筈豌豆混播在拔节期充分灌水+开花期中度亏水条件下可获得较优的节水增产提质效果（干草产量、粗蛋白含量、WUE和IWUE分别为14 330.2 kg/hm2，10.66%，31.49 kg/（hm2·mm）和80.96 kg/（hm2·mm）），是高寒荒漠草原区微喷灌人工草地适宜的生产管理模式。

Abstract

The purpose of this research was to explore an irrigation pattern taking into account the yield and quality of forage in the alpine desert area

and to promote the application of micro-sprinkler irrigation and regulated deficit irrigation in artificial grassland production. A field experiment was conducted to compare and analyze the effect of 2 cropping patterns and 7 irrigation patterns on forage yield

quality (stem-leaf ratio

crude protein content and yield

acid detergent fiber content

and neutral detergent fiber content) and water use efficiency. The 2 cropping patterns were mono-sowing oats and mixed sowing of oats and peas

and the 7 irrigation patterns were mild water deficit at jointing stage (65%~75%)

moderate water deficit at jointing stage (55%~65%)

severe water deficit at jointing stage (45%~55%)

mild water deficit at flowering stage (65%~75%)

moderate water deficit at flowering stage (55%~65%)

severe water deficit at flowering stage (45%~55%)

and full irrigation during the whole growth stages (75%~85%). In addition

the methods of analytic hierarchy process and entropy weight were used to empower the multiple indicators of forage

and an evaluation system was constructed based on the TOPSIS model to obtain the optimal irrigation pattern. The results showed that: (1) With the increasing of water deficit

the forage yield showed a decreasing trend. Under the same irrigation condition

the forage yields of mixed sowing of oats and peas (7 811.1~14 490.1 kg/hm2) were higher than those of mono-sowing oats (7 022.3~12 242.7 kg/hm2). (2) Under the same cropping pattern

the contents of NDF and ADF decreased first and then increased with the increasing of irrigation deficit. However

the content and yield of crude protein

WUE

and IWUE increased first and then decreased with the increasing of irrigation deficit. (3) The comprehensive evaluation showed that mixed sowing of oats and peas with full irrigation at jointing stage and moderate water deficit at flowering stage could achieve better water-saving

yield-increasing

and quality-improving effects (forage yield

crude protein content

WUE

and IWUE were 14 330.2 kg/hm2

10.66%

31.49 kg/(hm2·mm)

and 80.96 kg/(hm2·mm)

respectively). It was a suitable production management pattern of artificial grassland using micro-sprinkler irrigation in alpine desert grassland.

关键词

Keywords

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