基于APSIM模型小麦-玉米不同灌溉制度作物产量和水分利用效率分析

薛佳欣; 张鑫; 张建恒; 张江伟; 王贵彦; 陈宗培

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2021.04.015

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基于APSIM模型小麦-玉米不同灌溉制度作物产量和水分利用效率分析

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 基于APSIM模型小麦-玉米不同灌溉制度作物产量和水分利用效率分析
- Analysis of Crop Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Wheat-Maize Double Cropping System Under Different Irrigation Systems Based on APSIM Model
- 水土保持学报 2021年35卷第4期页码：106-113
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 河北农业大学农学院,河北,保定,071000
  2. 国家华北作物改良与调控重点实验室,河北,保定,071000
  3. 河北省作物生长调控重点实验室,河北,保定,071000
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "薛佳欣(1994-),女,硕士研究生,主要从事节水种植制度研究。E-mail:1473605003@qq.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家"十三五"粮食丰产增效科技创新专项（2018YFD0300504）
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2021.04.015
  中图分类号： S274
- 纸质出版：2021
- 稿件说明：
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薛佳欣, 张鑫, 张建恒, 等. 基于APSIM模型小麦-玉米不同灌溉制度作物产量和水分利用效率分析[J]. 水土保持学报, 2021,35(4):106-113.

XUE Jiaxin, ZHANG Xin, ZHANG Jianheng, et al. Analysis of Crop Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Wheat-Maize Double Cropping System Under Different Irrigation Systems Based on APSIM Model[J]. 2021, 35(4): 106-113.
薛佳欣, 张鑫, 张建恒, 等. 基于APSIM模型小麦-玉米不同灌溉制度作物产量和水分利用效率分析[J]. 水土保持学报, 2021,35(4):106-113. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2021.04.015.

XUE Jiaxin, ZHANG Xin, ZHANG Jianheng, et al. Analysis of Crop Yield and Water Use Efficiency of Wheat-Maize Double Cropping System Under Different Irrigation Systems Based on APSIM Model[J]. 2021, 35(4): 106-113. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2021.04.015.

摘要

针对海河平原地下水位持续下降和维持小麦—玉米两熟较高产量之间的矛盾，对不同降水年型小麦—玉米不同灌溉制度下产量和水分利用效率（WUE）进行模拟分析，结果对平衡该区域地下水可持续利用与粮食生产提供重要科学决策依据。利用研究区域站点长时间序列气象数据，以小麦不同水分处理地上部生物量、叶面积和周年土壤水分动态田间试验数据为基础，对APSIM小麦玉米遗传参数和土壤水分等相关参数进行了校准和验证。利用校准和验证的APSIM模型，对不同降水年型小麦—玉米不同生长阶段水分亏缺指数（CWDI）进行了分析，并模拟了8种不同灌溉制度情景下小麦玉米产量、水分利用效率和灌溉水利用效率（IWUE）。结果表明：不同降水年型小麦各生育阶段CWDI均较高，说明无论干旱、平水和湿润年份小麦需水量远大于降水量，尤其是拔节—成熟期水分严重亏缺，属极旱；玉米抽雄前基本不受干旱胁迫影响，但抽雄后的灌浆阶段处于中旱或重旱，对水分需求迫切。兼顾产量和水分利用效率的灌溉制度，干旱、平水及湿润年份全年灌溉3次，灌水量为225 mm（小麦播种75 mm+拔节期75 mm+开花期75 mm）时可获得较高的周年产量和最大WUE。不同降水年型周年产量和WUE在干旱年份分别为17 357.6 kg/hm2和29.6 kg/（hm2·mm），平水年份分别为18 827.9 kg/hm2和25.9 kg/（hm2·mm），湿润年份分别为19 685.2 kg/hm2和25.8 kg/（hm2·mm）。此灌溉制度下，小麦、玉米可获得较高的产量和水分利用效率，为该区域水—粮权衡的重要灌溉策略和措施。

Abstract

In view of the contradiction between the declining of groundwater table and the demand of high yield

to clarify the yield and water use efficiency (WUE) of wheat-maize double cropping system in the different precipitation years under different irrigation scenarios

the results would provide important scientific decision-making basis to balance the sustainable of groundwater utilization and grain production. Based on the field experiment data

the crop biomass

LAI and soil water content under different irrigation treatments

the genetic parameters and parameters related with the soil water were calibrated and validated by using long-term meteorological data in the APSIM wheat-maize cropping model. Using the calibrated and validated APSIM model

the water deficit index (CWDI) was analyzed in different precipitation years

the crop yield

water use efficiency (WUE)

and the irrigation water use efficiency (IWUE) of 8 irrigation scenarios under the dry

medium

and rainy years were simulated. The results showed that CWDI was high in each growth stage of wheat in different precipitation years

which indicated that water requirement of wheat in dry

medium

and rainy years was much higher than precipitation

especially from jointing to maturity stage. Maize was not affected by drought stress before tasseling

but was in medium or severe drought after tasseling. Considering both yield and water use efficiency in this region

when the total irrigation water was 225 mm (75 mm at wheat sowing + 75 mm at jointing + 75 mm at flowering)

the total yield was high

and the WUE and IWUE was maximal. The average total yield and WUE were 17 357.6 kg/hm2 and 29.6 kg/(hm2·mm) in dry years

were 18 827.9 kg/hm2 and 25.9 kg/(hm2·mm) in the medium years

and were 19 685.2 kg/hm2 and 25.8 kg/(hm2· mm) in rainy years. Under this irrigation scenario

the yields of wheat and maize were high

and the WUE were also at the high level. So

this irrigation scenario was an important irrigation strategy and practice for water-grain trade-off in this region.

关键词

Keywords

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