喀斯特山地森林土壤入渗特征对人为踩踏的响应规律

李瑶; 刘冬冬; 车陆禄

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2021.04.014

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喀斯特山地森林土壤入渗特征对人为踩踏的响应规律

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 喀斯特山地森林土壤入渗特征对人为踩踏的响应规律
- Response of Soil Infiltration Characteristics to Human Trampling in Karst Mountain Forests
- 水土保持学报 2021年35卷第4期页码：96-105
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 贵州大学资源与环境工程学院,贵阳,550025
  2. 喀斯特地质资源与地质环境教育部重点实验室,贵阳,550025
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "李瑶(1998-),女,硕士生,主要从事岩溶区生态水文过程研究。E-mail:1787651847@qq.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金项目（41807016）贵州省水利科技经费项目（KT201803）黔科合平台人才项目（[2019]1081）
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2021.04.014
  中图分类号： S152.7
- 纸质出版：2021
- 稿件说明：
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李瑶, 刘冬冬, 车陆禄. 喀斯特山地森林土壤入渗特征对人为踩踏的响应规律[J]. 水土保持学报, 2021,35(4):96-105.

LI Yao, LIU Dongdong, CHE Lulu. Response of Soil Infiltration Characteristics to Human Trampling in Karst Mountain Forests[J]. 2021, 35(4): 96-105.
李瑶, 刘冬冬, 车陆禄. 喀斯特山地森林土壤入渗特征对人为踩踏的响应规律[J]. 水土保持学报, 2021,35(4):96-105. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2021.04.014.

LI Yao, LIU Dongdong, CHE Lulu. Response of Soil Infiltration Characteristics to Human Trampling in Karst Mountain Forests[J]. 2021, 35(4): 96-105. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2021.04.014.

摘要

为了揭示喀斯特林下经济活动中人为踩踏对土壤入渗特性的影响规律，以喀斯特山地森林内部（未受干扰区域）、森林小径中央、森林小径边缘和裸地为试验样地，基于盘式入渗试验测定不同负压水头下（-0.5，-3，-6，-9 cm）的非饱和导水率（K9、K6、K3、K0.5）、饱和导水率KS、Gardner α常数和水流贡献率。通过原位染色示踪试验分别估算各样地的剖面染色面积比（DC）、均匀渗透深度（UniFr）和优先流百分比（PF-fr），分析了人为踩踏对喀斯特森林土壤优先流特征的影响。结果表明，森林小径中央的KS （45.800×10-3 cm/min）比森林内部（101.000×10-3 cm/min）降低55%，Gardner α常数和土体孔隙数量的剧烈减少阐明森林路径中土壤入渗能力减弱的原因；森林小径中央的优先流百分比（71.955%）显著高于森林内部（36.734%），表示人为踩踏活动增强了土壤优先流强度；4种人为踩踏干扰程度下土壤的大孔隙平均水流贡献率均超过95%，喀斯特山地森林土壤水分入渗以大孔隙为主要入渗通道。森林植被覆盖能够有效提升土壤入渗能力和抑制土壤优先流，研究结果为喀斯特林下经济开发过程中的负面清单建立提供了试验依据。

Abstract

The objective of this paper is to reveal the influence of human trampling on infiltration characteristics of various forest soils in karst mountain lands. Inside the forest

central areas of forest path

edge areas of forest path

and bare lands were selected as test plots. The unsaturated hydraulic conductivity (K9

K0.5)

saturated hydraulic conductivity Ks

contribution rate of water flow and Gardner α were determined via disc infiltrometers under different pressure heads (-0.5

-3

-6

-9 cm). The dye coverage (DC)

uniform penetration depth (UniFr) and preferential flow percentage (PF-fr) were estimated through in-situ dye tracer experiments and digital image processing. Based on a series of dye tracer experiments

the effects of human trampling on the soil preferential flow were analyzed. The results showed that the KS values in central areas of forest path (45.800×10-3 cm/min) was 55% lower than that of the inside the forest (101.000×10-3 cm/min). The drastic reduction in values of the Gardner α and the soil pores number explained the reduce of soil infiltration capacity in forest paths. The percentage of preferential flow in the center areas of the forest path (71.955%) was significantly higher than that in the forest lands (36.734%)

and this result indicated that the soil preferential flow was largely enhanced by trampling activities from humanity. The average contribution rate of water flow exceeded 95% in soil macro-pores under the four levels of artificial trampling. The soil infiltration channels were mainly macro-pores in karst mountain forests. Soil infiltration capacity and soil preferential flow can be effectively enhanced and inhibited by forest vegetation cover. These results can provide an experimental basis to set up a negative list for economic development in karst mountain lands.

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