绿肥覆盖对紫色土坡耕地柑橘园氮磷流失的阻控效应研究

刘瑞; 张宇亭; 王志超; 张学良; 谢军; 张建伟; 徐文静; 石孝均

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2021.02.010

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绿肥覆盖对紫色土坡耕地柑橘园氮磷流失的阻控效应研究

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 绿肥覆盖对紫色土坡耕地柑橘园氮磷流失的阻控效应研究
- Control Effect of Green Manure Cover on Nitrogen and Phosphorus Loss of Citrus Orchard on Purple Soil Slope Farmland
- 水土保持学报 2021年35卷第2期页码：68-74
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 西南大学资源环境学院,重庆,400715
  2. 西南大学农业科学研究院,重庆,400716
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "刘瑞(1993—),女,在读硕士研究生,主要从事果园绿肥水土保持研究。E-mail:liurglor@163.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家绿肥产业体系项目（CARS-22-G-13）
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2021.02.010
  中图分类号： S157.2
- 纸质出版：2021
- 稿件说明：
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刘瑞, 张宇亭, 王志超, 等. 绿肥覆盖对紫色土坡耕地柑橘园氮磷流失的阻控效应研究[J]. 水土保持学报, 2021,35(2):68-74.

LIU Rui, ZHANG Yuting, WANG Zhichao, et al. Control Effect of Green Manure Cover on Nitrogen and Phosphorus Loss of Citrus Orchard on Purple Soil Slope Farmland[J]. 2021, 35(2): 68-74.
刘瑞, 张宇亭, 王志超, 等. 绿肥覆盖对紫色土坡耕地柑橘园氮磷流失的阻控效应研究[J]. 水土保持学报, 2021,35(2):68-74. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2021.02.010.

LIU Rui, ZHANG Yuting, WANG Zhichao, et al. Control Effect of Green Manure Cover on Nitrogen and Phosphorus Loss of Citrus Orchard on Purple Soil Slope Farmland[J]. 2021, 35(2): 68-74. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2021.02.010.

摘要

为探明紫色土坡耕地不同绿肥覆盖对柑橘园径流和养分流失的阻控效应，在田间径流小区设置黑麦草（Lolium perenne L.）、光叶苕子（Vicia villosa Roth var.）、二月兰（Orychophragmus violaceus）和清耕对照4个处理，定量监测了在自然降雨条件下不同处理的径流及氮磷养分流失量。结果表明，与清耕对照相比，周年内绿肥覆盖可显著降低8.7%~27.0%的地表径流量、30.1%~50.6%总氮流失量和32.4%~62.9%总磷流失量。绿肥覆盖对径流和养分的阻控效应在不同品种间存在差异，整体表现为黑麦草>光叶苕子>二月兰。与清耕对照相比，黑麦草覆盖使径流中总氮、可溶性氮、硝态氮和铵态氮的流失总量分别减少50.6%，47.0%，49.5%和48.1%；总磷、可溶性磷和磷酸盐流失总量分别减少62.9%，62.6%和62.6%。此外，绿肥覆盖对不同形态养分的阻控效应也有所不同，其径流液中以可溶性氮和颗粒态磷的流失占比最大，分别占总氮和总磷的59.6%~67.0%和68.6%~71.8%。综上，绿肥覆盖栽培能有效降低紫色土坡耕地柑橘园径流及氮磷的流失，其中以覆盖栽培黑麦草和光叶苕子较好。研究结果为紫色土坡耕地柑橘园水土保育和面源污染防治提供了依据。

Abstract

In order to explore the effects of different green manure cover on the runoff and nutrient loss of the citrus orchard on the purple soil slope farmland

four treatments (Lolium perenne L.

Vicia villosa Roth var

Orychophragmus violaceus

and clean tillage control) were set up to quantitatively monitor the runoff and nitrogen and phosphorus loss of different treatments under natural rainfall conditions. The results showed that compared with the clean tillage control

green manure cover significantly reduced the surface runoff by 8.7%~27.0%

total nitrogen loss by 30.1%~50.6%

and total phosphorus loss by 32.4%~62.9%.However

the effects of green manure cover on runoff and nutrient control were different among different varieties

and the trend of overall performance was Lolium perenne L.>Vicia villosa Roth var. >Orychophragmus violaceus. Compared with clean tillage control

Lolium perenne L. treatment reduced the total loss of total nitrogen

soluble nitrogen

nitrate nitrogen

and ammonium nitrogen in runoff by 50.6%

47.0%

49.5%

and 48.1% respectively; total phosphorus

soluble phosphorus

and total loss of phosphate was reduced by 62.9%

62.6%

and 62.6% respectively. In addition

the effect of green manure cover on different nutrient forms were also different

and the loss of soluble nitrogen and particulate phosphorus in the runoff were the largest

accounting for 59.6%~67.0% and 68.6%~71.8% of total nitrogen and total phosphorus

respectively. In summary

green manure cover cultivation can effectively reduce the runoff and nitrogen and phosphorus loss of citrus orchards on purple soil sloping farmland. Among them

Lolium perenne L. and Vicia villosa Roth var. cover were the best. Taken together

our results provide reference for water and soil conservation and non-point source pollution prevention and control in citrus orchards on purple soil slope farmland.

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