降雨对江子河小流域不同农作物措施坡面产流产沙的影响

张嘉懿; 汪军红; 程先富; 陈菁菁

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2021.02.002

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降雨对江子河小流域不同农作物措施坡面产流产沙的影响

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 降雨对江子河小流域不同农作物措施坡面产流产沙的影响
- Effects of Rainfall on Slope Runoff and Sediment Yield Under Different Crop Measures in the Jiangzi River Minor Watershed
- 水土保持学报 2021年35卷第2期页码：8-14
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 安徽师范大学地理与旅游学院,安徽,芜湖,241002
  2. 霍山县水土保持试验站,安徽,六安,237266
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "张嘉懿(1997—),女,硕士研究生,主要从事土壤侵蚀研究。E-mail:jiayizhang5@163.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金项目（41271516）
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2021.02.002
  中图分类号： S157.1
- 纸质出版：2021
- 稿件说明：
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张嘉懿, 汪军红, 程先富, 等. 降雨对江子河小流域不同农作物措施坡面产流产沙的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2021,35(2):8-14.

ZHANG Jiayi, WANG Junhong, CHENG Xianfu, et al. Effects of Rainfall on Slope Runoff and Sediment Yield Under Different Crop Measures in the Jiangzi River Minor Watershed[J]. 2021, 35(2): 8-14.
张嘉懿, 汪军红, 程先富, 等. 降雨对江子河小流域不同农作物措施坡面产流产沙的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2021,35(2):8-14. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2021.02.002.

ZHANG Jiayi, WANG Junhong, CHENG Xianfu, et al. Effects of Rainfall on Slope Runoff and Sediment Yield Under Different Crop Measures in the Jiangzi River Minor Watershed[J]. 2021, 35(2): 8-14. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2021.02.002.

摘要

水土流失已成为我国主要的生态环境问题之一。基于安徽大别山区江子河小流域2012-2019年自然降雨径流泥沙观测资料，探讨雨型对不同农作物措施坡面产流产沙的影响，采用随机森林算法分析降雨因子与水沙之间的关系。结果表明，在不同场次降雨中，径流量、土壤流失量随降雨场次变化规律较一致，红薯措施产流量及土壤流失量较大，茶叶措施最小。降雨分为3类：A型降雨（低频率、长历时、大雨量、高雨强）、B型降雨（高频率、短历时、小雨量、低雨强）、C型降雨（较低频率、较长历时、中等雨量、较高雨强），对产流产沙的影响表现为A型>C型>B型。降雨量对产流的影响程度最高，土壤流失量受PI、PI60及降雨量和I30的影响，I60对产流产沙的影响程度偏低，小于11%。各农作物措施小区的径流深和土壤流失量相关性显著且具有线性关系，土壤流失量的增速为红薯>桑树>茶叶>板栗>黄豆>油茶。研究结果可为坡面侵蚀预报模型的建立提供重要的理论依据，对安徽大别山区水土保持工作的开展和生态文明建设具有重要的理论价值和实践意义。

Abstract

Soil and water loss has become one of the main ecological environmental problems in China. The observation data of natural rainfall

runoff and sediment in the Jiangzi River minor watershed from 2012 to 2019 were used to explore the influence of rainfall types on slope sediment yield and runoff under different crop measures. Random forest algorithm was used to obtain the relationships among rainfall factors

runoff and sediment yield. The results showed that the changes of runoff and soil loss were consistent with the rainfall. The runoff and soil loss under sweet potato were larger

and tea gave the smallest. The rainfall could be classified into three types:Type A was rainfall with low frequency

long duration

heavy rainfall and higher rainfall intensity

Type B with high frequency

short duration

small rainfall and low rainfall intensity

and Type C with lower frequency

longer duration

moderate rainfall

high rainfall intensity. The degree of influence on runoff and sediment yield was type A>type C>type B. Precipitation had the highest degree of influence on runoff. The soil loss was affected by PI

PI60

P and I30

and I60 had a low degree of impact on runoff and sediment production

less than 11%. The runoff depth of each crop measure had a significant and linear correlation with soil loss

and the growth rate of soil loss was sweet potato>mulberry>tea>chestnut>soybean>oil tea. These results provided important theoretical basis for the establishment of slope erosion prediction model

and were of important theoretical value and practical significance for the soil and water conservation work and the construction of ecological civilization in the western Dabie mountains area of Anhui Province.

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