不同土壤容重水平下喀斯特黄壤分离能力水动力学特性

冯梦蝶; 陈展鹏; 何丙辉; 梁珂; 张海香; 郑颖; 毕贇斐; 李天阳

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2021.02.001

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不同土壤容重水平下喀斯特黄壤分离能力水动力学特性

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 不同土壤容重水平下喀斯特黄壤分离能力水动力学特性
- Hydraulic Characteristics Related to Karst Yellow Soil Detachment Capacity Under Different Bulk Densities
- 水土保持学报 2021年35卷第2期页码：1-7
- 作者机构：
  
  西南大学资源环境学院, 三峡库区生态环境教育部重点实验室,重庆,400715
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "冯梦蝶(1997—),女,在读硕士研究生,主要从事城市水土保持研究。E-mail:fmd970526@163.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目（41701246）国家自然科学基金项目（41771312）
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2021.02.001
  中图分类号： S157.1
- 纸质出版：2021
- 稿件说明：
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冯梦蝶, 陈展鹏, 何丙辉, 等. 不同土壤容重水平下喀斯特黄壤分离能力水动力学特性[J]. 水土保持学报, 2021,35(2):1-7.

FENG Mengdie, CHEN Zhanpeng, HE Binghui, et al. Hydraulic Characteristics Related to Karst Yellow Soil Detachment Capacity Under Different Bulk Densities[J]. 2021, 35(2): 1-7.
冯梦蝶, 陈展鹏, 何丙辉, 等. 不同土壤容重水平下喀斯特黄壤分离能力水动力学特性[J]. 水土保持学报, 2021,35(2):1-7. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2021.02.001.

FENG Mengdie, CHEN Zhanpeng, HE Binghui, et al. Hydraulic Characteristics Related to Karst Yellow Soil Detachment Capacity Under Different Bulk Densities[J]. 2021, 35(2): 1-7. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2021.02.001.

摘要

通过开展不同流量（20，30，40，50，60 L/min）条件下的室内模拟细沟水流冲刷试验，研究不同容重（1.06，1.15，1.18，1.21 g/cm3）对喀斯特黄壤分离能力（Dc）的影响，并建立土壤分离能力预测经验模型。结果表明：流量与容重均显著影响土壤分离能力，当容重为1.06 g/cm3时，Dc随流量呈幂函数递增，而在其他更高的容重条件下，Dc随流量呈线性增加；同一流量条件下，Dc随容重增加呈线性减小，且减少趋势在高流量条件下更为明显；幂函数方程可分别描述Dc与水流剪切力（τ）、水流功率（ω）、单位水流功率（P）、过水断面单位能量（E）间的关系，利用水流剪切力来预测土壤分离能力（R2=0.96）更为理想；细沟可蚀性系数（Kτ、Kω、KP、KE）及临界水动力学值（τC、ωC、PC、EC）随容重增加均呈减小趋势，且容重与细沟可蚀性系数（Kτ、Kω、KP、KE）间存在线性关系。研究结果为阐明喀斯特地区土壤侵蚀机理、建立该地区土壤侵蚀过程模型提供理论依据。

Abstract

Flume experiments were conducted with the combinations of five flow rates (20

and 60 L/min) to clarify the effects of hydraulic characteristics on yellow soil detachment capacity (Dc) under different bulk densities (1.06

1.15

1.18

and 1.21 g/cm3) in karst area

and establish the prediction model for Dc. The results showed that both flow rate and bulk density significantly affected Dc. When the bulk density was 1.06 g/cm3

Dc increased with the flow rate as a power function

while Dc increased with the flow rate as a linear function under other higher bulk density conditions. Under the same flow condition

Dc decreased with the increase of bulk density

and the reduction trend was more obvious under the higher flow condition. Power functions could be used to describe the relationships between Dc and shear stress (τ)

stream power (ω)

unit stream power (P)

and unit energy (E)

respectively

while τ showed the best predictability (R2=0.96). The erodibility values (Kτ

Kω

and KE) and critical values (τC

ωC

and EC) corresponding to hydraulic parameters all presented decreased trend with the increasing bulk density

and these erodibility values were negatively linearly correlated with bulk density. The results will provide theoretical basis for understanding the mechanism of soil erosion in karst area and establishing soil erosion process models.

关键词

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references

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