自然降雨对干化土壤水分恢复有效性分析

汪星; 张敬晓; 汪有科; 吕望; 路梅; 辛小桂

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2021.01.024

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

自然降雨对干化土壤水分恢复有效性分析

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 自然降雨对干化土壤水分恢复有效性分析
- The Effectiveness of Natural Rainfall on the Restoration of Water in the Dried Soil
- 水土保持学报 2021年35卷第1期页码：161-168
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 宁夏大学农学院,银川,750021
  2. 河北水利电力学院,河北,沧州,061000
  3. 中国水利水电科学研究院, 流域水循环模拟与调控国家重点实验,北京,100038
  4. 中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所, 陕西杨凌,712100
  5. 黄河水利科学研究院,郑州,450003
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "汪星(1984-),男,博士,讲师,主要从事林地耗水研究。E-mail:WangXingSTR@163.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  2020宁夏自治区重点研发计划项目（2020BEB04005）国家重点研发计划项目（2017YFC0504703）
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2021.01.024
  中图分类号： TV93;S157.2
- 纸质出版：2021
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
汪星, 张敬晓, 汪有科, 等. 自然降雨对干化土壤水分恢复有效性分析[J]. 水土保持学报, 2021,35(1):161-168.

WANG Xing, ZHANG Jingxiao, WANG Youke, et al. The Effectiveness of Natural Rainfall on the Restoration of Water in the Dried Soil[J]. 2021, 35(1): 161-168.
汪星, 张敬晓, 汪有科, 等. 自然降雨对干化土壤水分恢复有效性分析[J]. 水土保持学报, 2021,35(1):161-168. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2021.01.024.

WANG Xing, ZHANG Jingxiao, WANG Youke, et al. The Effectiveness of Natural Rainfall on the Restoration of Water in the Dried Soil[J]. 2021, 35(1): 161-168. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2021.01.024.

摘要

研究自然降雨对干化土壤水分恢复的有效性，有利于合理利用降水资源，加强干化土壤水分管理，促进土壤干层得到有效恢复。在陕北米脂试验站设置野外地下大型土柱，通过2014—2019年连续定位监测降雨、土壤含水率状况，分析自然降雨对干化土壤水分恢复的有效性。结果表明：（1）从深层干化土壤水分恢复角度考虑，黄土丘陵半干旱区降雨可以分为3种类型：表层入渗快速蒸发型、浅层入渗缓慢蒸发型和深层入渗补给型。其中深层入渗补给型降雨为有效降雨，该类型雨量 > 26 mm，能够对深层干化土壤产生有效水分补给。2014—2019年发生深层入渗补给型降雨仅16次，累积雨量791.8 mm，降雨次数、降雨量的有效率分别为4.64%和35.19%。（2）月尺度条件下，降雨量（P月）与逐月入渗深度（Z逐月）、月累积入渗深度（Z累积）均呈二次函数关系变化，Z逐月=-0.0102P月2+3.955P月-6.7335（R2=0.963 9），Z累积=-0.0003P月2-0.1331P月+191.71（R2=0.920 8）。（3）年尺度条件下，2014—2019年雨量分别为187.6，391.6，590.8，337.6，342.4，400.0 mm，降雨逐年引发的入渗深度依次为160，220，400，260，260，120 cm，累积入渗深度依次可达180，220，400，700，1 000，1 400 cm。研究结果对揭示自然降水恢复干化土壤机理，加强土壤干层人工蓄水保墒技术，合理选择保墒措施，以及促进当地生态环境建设具有积极的推动作用。

Abstract

Studying on the effectiveness of natural rainfall on the water restoration in the dried soil was conducive to use precipitation rationally

to strengthen the management of the dried soil water

and to promote the effective restoration of the soil dry layers. By setting a large underground soil column in Mizhi test station located in northern Shaanxi

the precipitation and soil moisture content were monitored continuously from 2014 to 2019. And the effectiveness of natural rainfall for the remediation of dry soil moisture was analyzed. The results showed that: (1) From the perspective of water remediation in deep dried soil

rainfall in the semi-arid loess hilly region could be divided into three types: surface layers infiltration with rapid evaporation

shallow layers infiltration with slow evaporation and deep layers infiltration with water recharge. The type of deep layers infiltration with water recharge rainfall was effective

and others were ineffective. The precipitation of this type was usually greater than 26 mm and could effectively recharge water to the deep dried soil. From 2014 to 2019

there were only 16 times of deep layers infiltration with water recharge rainfall

and the cumulative precipitation was 791.8 mm. The precipitation frequency and effective rate were 4.64% and 35.19%

respectively. (2) On a monthly scale

the precipitation (P) showed the quadratic function changes with the monthly infiltration depth (Z) and monthly cumulative infiltration depth (Zaccumulation): Z=-0.0102Pmonth2+3.955Pmonth-6.7335(R2=0.963 9)

Zaccumulation=-0.0003Pmonth2-0.1331Pmonth+191.71(R2=0.920 8). (3) On the annual scale

the precipitation from 2014 to 2019 was 187.6

391.6

590.8

337.6

342.4 and 400.0 mm in sequence. The infiltration depths caused by rainfall year by year were 160

220

400

260

260 and 120 cm

and the cumulative infiltration depths were 180

220

400

700

1 000 and 1 400 cm

respectively. The research results played a positive role in revealing the mechanism of natural precipitation restoration of dried soil

strengthening the technology of artificial water storage and soil moisture conservation in the dried layers

selecting the measures of soil moisture conservation rationally and promoting the local ecological environment construction.

关键词

Keywords

references

李祥东.西北干旱区土壤水分时空变异特征及其影响因素研究[D].陕西杨凌:中国科学院大学(中国科学院教育部水土保持与生态环境研究中心),2019.

李智飞.河西走廊地区水资源脆弱性指标及应用研究[D].北京:华北电力大学,2014.

张建云.气候变化对水文水资源影响研究[M].北京:科学出版社,2007.

杨文治,田均良.黄土高原土壤干燥化问题探源[J].土壤学报,2004,41(1):1-6.

邵明安,贾小旭,王云强,等.黄土高原土壤干层研究进展与展望[J].地球科学进展,2016,31(1):14-22.

兰志龙,潘小莲,赵英,等.黄土丘陵区不同土地利用模式对深层土壤含水量的影响[J].应用生态学报,2017,28(3):847-855.

白盛元,汪有科,马建鹏,等.黄土高原半干旱区降雨入渗试验研究[J].干旱地区农业研究,2016,34(2):218-223.

李萍,李同录,付昱凯,等.非饱和黄土中降雨入渗规律的现场监测研究[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2014,45(10):3551-3560.

张常亮,李萍,李同录,等.黄土中降雨入渗规律的现场监测研究[J].水利学报,2014,45(6):728-734.

Huang M, Gallichand J. Use of the SHAW model to assess soil water recovery after apple trees in the gully region of the Loess Plateau[J].Agricultural Water Management,2006,85(1/2):67-76.

缪凌,董建国,汪有科,等.黄土丘陵区不同土地利用类型下的深层土壤水分变化特征[J].水土保持研究,2016,23(2):13-18.

周玉红,董建国,汪有科,等.几种典型覆盖下的土壤水分恢复研究[J].水土保持研究,2015,22(2):334-339.

张文飞,汪星,汪有科,等.黄土丘陵区深层干化土壤中节水型修剪枣树生长及耗水[J].农业工程学报,2017,33(7):140-148.

郭忠升,邵明安.半干旱区人工林地土壤入渗过程分析[J].土壤学报,2009,46(5):953-958.

张敬晓,汪星,汪有科,等.黄土丘陵区林地干化土壤降雨入渗及水分迁移规律[J].水土保持学报,2017,31(3):231-238.

Wang Y Q, Shao M A, Shao H B. A preliminary investigation of the dynamic characteristics of dried soil layers on the Loess Plateau of China[J].Journal of Hydrology,2010,381(1/2):9-17.

Wang Y Q, Shao M A, Zhu Y J. Impacts of land use and plant characteristics on dried soil layers in different climatic regions on the Loess Plateau of China[J].Agricultural and Forest Meteorology,2011,151(4):437-448.

Wang Y Q, Shao M A, Liu Z P. Large-scale spatial variability of dried soil layers and related factors across the entire Loess Plateau of China[J].Geoderma,2010,159(1/2):99-108.

Chen H S, Shao M A, Li Y Y. Soil desiccation in the Loess Plateau of China[J].Geoderma,2008,143(1):91-100.

刘丙霞,任健,邵明安,等.黄土高原北部人工灌草植被土壤干燥化过程研究[J].生态学报,2020,40(11):3795-3803.

万素梅,贾志宽,韩清芳,等.黄土高原半湿润区苜蓿草地土壤干层形成及水分恢复[J].生态学报,2008,28(3):1045-1051.

冯金超,党宏忠,王檬檬,等.晋西黄土区苹果园生长季土壤水分动态[J].水土保持研究,2020,27(1):139-145.

汪星,高志永,汪有科,等.修剪与覆盖对黄土丘陵区枣林土壤干层的修复效应[J].林业科学,2018,54(7):24-30.

王志强,刘宝元,王旭艳,等.黄土丘陵半干旱区人工林迹地土壤水分恢复研究[J].农业工程学报,2007,23(11):77-83.

孙剑,李军,王美艳,等.黄土高原半干旱偏旱区苜蓿-粮食轮作土壤水分恢复效应[J].农业工程学报,2009,25(6):33-39.

浏览量

890

下载量

CSCD

文章被引用时，请邮件提醒。

提交

工具集

关联资源

基于电阻层析成像技术的黄土区多土地利用类型土壤水分反演

暴雨强度与过程对渭北旱塬塬边土壤水分亏缺的调控机制

丛枝菌根真菌接种对喀斯特石漠化人工林土壤特性的影响

雷达探测分析广西丘陵坡耕地整地措施对土壤水分的影响

渭北旱塬苹果园集雨保墒措施对土壤水分、根系及降雨利用的影响