基于水氮耦合的枸杞灌溉制度优化

马波; 田军仓

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.06.033

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基于水氮耦合的枸杞灌溉制度优化

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 基于水氮耦合的枸杞灌溉制度优化
- Optimization of Irrigation Scheduling for
- 水土保持学报 2020年34卷第6期页码：235-243
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 宁夏大学土木与水利工程学院,银川,750021
  2. 宁夏节水灌溉与水资源调控工程技术研究中心,银川,750021
  3. 教育部旱区现代农业水资源高效利用工程研究中心,银川,750021
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "马波(1981-),男,博士,副教授,主要从事旱区节水灌溉理论与技术研究。E-mail:slxboma-34@163.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  宁夏自然科学基金项目（NI13007）宁夏高等学校一流学科建设（水利工程学科）项目（NXYLXK2017A03）宁夏重点研发计划项目（2019BEH03010）国家自然科学基金项目（51869023）
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.06.033
  中图分类号： S274.1
- 纸质出版：2020
- 稿件说明：
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马波, 田军仓. 基于水氮耦合的枸杞灌溉制度优化[J]. 水土保持学报, 2020,34(6):235-243.

MA Bo, TIAN Juncang. Optimization of Irrigation Scheduling for[J]. 2020, 34(6): 235-243.
马波, 田军仓. 基于水氮耦合的枸杞灌溉制度优化[J]. 水土保持学报, 2020,34(6):235-243. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.06.033.

MA Bo, TIAN Juncang. Optimization of Irrigation Scheduling for[J]. 2020, 34(6): 235-243. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.06.033.

摘要

为明确一定养分条件下枸杞耗水量与产量的关系，于2014年和2015年采用2因素3水平对比试验设计，研究了枸杞耗水量与碱解氮消耗量耦合效应对产量的影响，通过回归的耦合模型对基于树种、树龄、碱解氮消耗量的枸杞灌溉制度进行了优化。结果表明：（1）相同施肥条件时，4年树龄时HW产量最高，为1 335.7 kg/hm2，MW产量次之，为1 174.2 kg/hm2，LW产量最低，为1 066.5 kg/hm2，5年树龄时HW产量为2 463.7 kg/hm2，MW产量最高，为2 556.1 kg/hm2，LW产量最低，为2 394.5 kg/hm2；（2）同一灌水水平条件下2年试验均表现出中施肥水平产量最高，高施肥水平产量次之，低施肥水平产量最低，4年树龄MF产量为2 758.0 kg/hm2，HF产量为2 595.5 kg/hm2，LF产量为2 407.0 kg/hm2，5年树龄MF产量为4 113.9 kg/hm2，HF产量为3 652.3 kg/hm2，LF产量为3 532.1 kg/hm2；（3）耗水量、碱解氮消耗量耦合效应显示，2014年产量随着耗水量的增加而增加，而产量随碱解氮消耗量增加呈"凸"形抛物线趋势变化，2015年产量随耗水量、碱解氮消耗量增加均呈"凸"形抛物线趋势变化。（4）灌溉制度优化发现1年树龄总ETa为166.0~198.8 mm，2年树龄总ETa为194.7~252.5 mm，3年树龄总ETa为196.6~227.2 mm，4年树龄总ETa为173.5~221.6 mm，5年树龄总ETa为179.3~196.6 mm。研究结果可为1~5年树龄"宁杞1号"枸杞获得理想的产量提供灌溉制度优化参考。

Abstract

In this study

the effects of irrigation and fertilizer coupling on production performance of Lycium barbarum L. were investigated and the irrigation scheduling was optimized based on water and nitrogen coupling. The study adopted two factors of drip irrigating water quota (W) and amount of nitrogen application (F). W included 225 (LW)

300 (MW) and 375 m3/hm2 (HW)

respectively

and F included 480 (LF)

629 (MF)

and 777 (HF) kg/hm2. There were 9 treatments combined by W and F with three levels for each: T1 (LW

LF)

T2 (LW

MF)

T3 (LW

HF)

T4 (MW

LF)

T5 (MW

MF)

T6 (MW

HF)

T7 (HW

LF)

T8 (HW

MF) and T9 (HW

HF). The field experiments were conducted in Zhongning county

Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region

Northwest China in 2014 and 2015.The results showed that the yield increased with the increasing irrigation water quota with maximum yield of 1 335.7 kg/hm2 of HW for four-year-old tree under the same fertilizer condition

the yields of MW and LW were 1 174.2 and 1 066.5 kg/hm2

respectively. The maximum yield was MW by 2 556.1 kg/hm2 for the five-year-old

and the yields of HW and LW were 2 463.7 and 2 394.5 kg/hm2

respectively. Under the same irrigation level treatment

the yield was the highest in the MF treatment and lowest in the LF treatment for 2 years experimental results. The yields of HF

MF and LF were 2 595.5

2 758.0 and 2 407.0 kg/hm2

respectively for the four-year-old

and 3 652.3

4 113.9 and 3 532.1 kg/hm2

respectively for the five-year-old. The results of 2 years experiments showed that yield climbed up from LF to MF and declined from MF to HF. There was no consistency of yield with irrigation water quota in 2 years experiments. We optimized the irrigation scheduling with the methods of this study

the results showed that the total ETa of the one-year-old Lycium barbarum L. was 166.0~198.8 mm

and 194.7~252.5

196.6~227.2

173.5~221.6 and 179.3~196.6 mm

respectively for the two-

three-

four- and five-year-old tree. This attributed to the consumption of fertilizer and fertilizer use efficiency increased with tree-age increase

as well as the increased irrigation or fertilizer couldn’t promot yield of Lycium barbarum L.. It is necessary that water and fertilizer should get perfect coupling. This study would be as reference of optimized irrigation scheduling of ideal yield for ‘Ningqi No.1’ with 1 to 5 years tree-age.

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