耕作方式对辽西褐土区土壤穿透阻力的影响及机理

韩巍; 徐晓旭; 李冬; 张龙; 李娜; 谭博元; 祝腾霄; 李嵩; 依艳丽

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.06.021

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耕作方式对辽西褐土区土壤穿透阻力的影响及机理

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 耕作方式对辽西褐土区土壤穿透阻力的影响及机理
- Effects of Tillage Methods on Soil Penetration Resistance and Its Mechanism in the Cinnamon Soil Area of Western Liaoning Province
- 水土保持学报 2020年34卷第6期页码：143-149
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 沈阳农业大学土地与环境学院,沈阳,100866
  2. 辽宁省旱地农林研究所,辽宁,朝阳,122000
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "韩巍(1985-),男,博士,讲师,主要从事土壤物理与保护性耕作研究。E-mail:hanweiguy@163.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  公益性行业（农业）科研专项（201503116）国家重点研发计划项目（2018YFD0300301）国家自然科学基金项目（41501235，4180071274）
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.06.021
  中图分类号： S152.9
- 纸质出版：2020
- 稿件说明：
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韩巍, 徐晓旭, 李冬, 等. 耕作方式对辽西褐土区土壤穿透阻力的影响及机理[J]. 水土保持学报, 2020,34(6):143-149.

HAN Wei, XU Xiaoxu, LI Dong, et al. Effects of Tillage Methods on Soil Penetration Resistance and Its Mechanism in the Cinnamon Soil Area of Western Liaoning Province[J]. 2020, 34(6): 143-149.
韩巍, 徐晓旭, 李冬, 等. 耕作方式对辽西褐土区土壤穿透阻力的影响及机理[J]. 水土保持学报, 2020,34(6):143-149. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.06.021.

HAN Wei, XU Xiaoxu, LI Dong, et al. Effects of Tillage Methods on Soil Penetration Resistance and Its Mechanism in the Cinnamon Soil Area of Western Liaoning Province[J]. 2020, 34(6): 143-149. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.06.021.

摘要

为了探明耕作方式转变对土壤物理性质的影响，研究设置田间定位试验，监测长期旋耕转变为免耕和深松耕后土壤容重、水分和穿透阻力的变化特征。试验设免耕（no tillage，NT）、深松（subsoiling，SS）、旋耕（rotary tillage，RT）3个处理，在玉米生长季监测土壤含水量、容重和穿透阻力动态，定量并分析土壤穿透阻力对含水量和容重变化的响应。结果表明，玉米生育期NT处理的土壤容重保持相对稳定，RT和SS处理容重逐渐增大；与RT和SS处理相比，NT处理增加0—30 cm的容重、0—45 cm的含水量和0—15 cm的穿透阻力，但在干旱时期降低15—45 cm的穿透阻力，避免了土壤紧实对玉米的胁迫。基于含水量和容重参数，建立了预测土壤穿透阻力的指数模型，其P<0.001，R2为0.77。模型结果表明，当容重>1.4 g/cm3且含水量<0.13 cm3/cm3时，土壤穿透阻力将大于限制作物生长的阈值（2 MPa）；在含水量<0.2 cm3/cm3时，土壤穿透阻力对含水量的敏感性显著高于容重，说明该区域干旱（水分）引起的土壤紧实度增加比压实更为重要。免耕有助于该区域保持土壤水分，同时降低容重增加导致的土壤紧实效应，有利于避免土壤紧实胁迫对作物生长的影响。

Abstract

In order to illustrate the influence of changed tillage methods on the soil physical properties

field experiment was set up to monitor the variations of soil bulk density

water content

and soil penetration resistance after the change from rotary tillage (RT) to no-tillage (NT) and subsoiling (SS). Three treatments (RT

and SS) were used to monitor the soil water content

bulk density

and penetration resistance in maize growing season

and quantitatively analyze the respond of soil penetration resistance to soil water content and bulk density changes. The results showed that soil bulk density was stable at 1.3 g/cm3 in NT during a maize growing season

and increased gradually with time from 1.0 g/cm3 to 1.3 cm3/cm3 at 0—15 cm depth in RT and SS. Compared with RT and SS

NT increased soil bulk density at 0—30 cm depth

water content at 0—45 cm depth

and penetration resistance at 0—15 cm depth

whereas NT reduced penetration resistance at 15—45 cm depth during the time of drought. An exponential model with soil bulk density and water content was developed to predict variation of penetration resistance (P<0.001

R2=0.77). Based on this model

if water content <0.13 cm3/cm3 and soil bulk density >1.4 g/cm3

penetration resistance was more than 2 MPa which is the threshold value of limiting root growth. If water content <0.2 cm3/cm3 and soil bulk density >1.2 g/cm3

the sensitivity of penetration resistance to the soil water content was greater than to the soil bulk density

this indicated that the increase in penetration resistance caused by drought in this area is more important than compaction. No-tillage could help to maintain soil water content in this area

reduced the soil compaction effect caused by the increased of bulk density

and avoid the impact of soil compaction stress on crop growth.

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