控释尿素配施控释氯化钾对土壤肥力和牡丹生长的影响

赵晨浩; 李泽丽; 张强; 李磊; 孟伦; 刘之广; 张民

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.04.045

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控释尿素配施控释氯化钾对土壤肥力和牡丹生长的影响

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 控释尿素配施控释氯化钾对土壤肥力和牡丹生长的影响
- Effects of Controlled-Release Nitrogen and Controlled-Release Potassium on Soil Fertility and the Growth of Peony (
- 水土保持学报 2020年34卷第4期页码：312-319
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 土肥资源高效利用国家工程实验室, 山东农业大学资源与环境学院,山东,泰安,271018
  2. 养分资源高效开发与综合利用国家重点实验室, 金正大生态工程集团股份有限公司, 山东临沭,276700
  3. 兰陵农垦实业总公司, 山东兰陵,277700
  4. 山东狮克现代农业投资有限公司,山东,菏泽,274000
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "赵晨浩(1992-),男,在读博士研究生,主要从事植物营养和新型肥料研究。E-mail:zhaochenhao1992@foxmai.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  山东省重点研发计划项目（2018GNC110001）国家重点研发计划项目（2017YFD0200706）山东省研究生导师指导能力提升项目（SDYY18108）
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.04.045
  中图分类号：
- 纸质出版：2020
- 稿件说明：
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赵晨浩, 李泽丽, 张强, 等. 控释尿素配施控释氯化钾对土壤肥力和牡丹生长的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2020,34(4):312-319.

ZHAO Chenhao, LI Zeli, ZHANG Qiang, et al. Effects of Controlled-Release Nitrogen and Controlled-Release Potassium on Soil Fertility and the Growth of Peony ([J]. 2020, 34(4): 312-319.
赵晨浩, 李泽丽, 张强, 等. 控释尿素配施控释氯化钾对土壤肥力和牡丹生长的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2020,34(4):312-319. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.04.045.

ZHAO Chenhao, LI Zeli, ZHANG Qiang, et al. Effects of Controlled-Release Nitrogen and Controlled-Release Potassium on Soil Fertility and the Growth of Peony ([J]. 2020, 34(4): 312-319. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.04.045.

摘要

通过研究控释尿素和控释氯化钾配施对土壤供肥能力和牡丹生长的影响，为牡丹大范围种植中控释肥替代传统化肥提供理论依据。以农民习惯普通尿素配施氯化钾基肥加追肥2次的处理为对照，通过大田试验，研究不同用量控释尿素（135，270，405 kg/hm2）和控释氯化钾（90，180，270 kg/hm2）交互一次性施肥对土壤养分供应能力和"黄翠羽"品种牡丹（Paeonia suffruticosa Andr.）生长的影响。结果表明：25℃静水浸提条件下，控释尿素和控释肥氯化钾的累积养分释放率分别在84，112天达到80%，养分持续供应能力显著高于普通氮钾肥。等施肥量下控释肥处理较农民习惯施肥显著提高0—20 cm土层土壤硝态氮含量68.0%~157.8%，铵态氮含量46.6%和速效钾含量16.1%~122.6%；提高了牡丹株高8.6%、茎粗25.3%和单株花数25.1%。控释氮钾配施对土壤硝态氮含量、牡丹叶片净光合速率、胞间二氧化碳浓度和蒸腾速率具有显著交互作用。试验条件下优选的控释尿素和控释氯化钾用量分别为270，90 kg/hm2。一次性基施控释尿素和控释氯化钾较习惯施肥省时省工，提高土壤肥力，促进牡丹生长，在牡丹种植中具有较高的推广价值。

Abstract

In order to study the effects of the combined application of controlled-release urea (CRU) and controlled-release potassium chloride (CRK) on soil fertility and peony growth

and provide a theoretical basis for the controlled-release fertilizer (CRF) to replace traditional chemical fertilizers in peony large-scale cultivation

field experiments were arranged

normal urea with potassium chloride base-fertilizer and top-dressing which used by farmers was set as a control

fertilizers with different dosage of CRU (135

270

405 kg/hm2) and CRK (90

180

270 kg/hm2) were chosen

the effects of interactive one-time fertilization on soil nutrient supply capacity and peony growth of "Huang Cuiyu" variety were studied. The results showed that the cumulative nitrogen release rate of CRU reached 80% at 84 days in 25℃ still water extraction

and the release rate of CRK reached 80% at 112 days

which had superior stable and sustainable nutrient supply capacity. With the same amount of fertilization

compared with farmers' customary fertilization (Control)

the content of nitrate nitrogen

ammonium nitrogen

and available potassium in soil 0—20 cm soil layer was significantly increased by 68.0%~157.8%

46.6%

and 16.1%~122.6%; the same amount of CRF treatment increased the peony plant height by 8.6%

the stem diameters were increased by 25.3%

the flowers per plant number increased by 25.1%. The CRU and CRK treatments had a significant interaction influence for the soil nitrate nitrogen content

peony leaves net photosynthetic rate

intercellular carbon dioxide concentration

and transpiration rate. The optimal amounts of CRU and CRK fertilization of this study were 270 and 90 kg/hm2

respectively. One-time application of CRU and CRK saves time and labor compared with customary fertilization

improves soil fertility

and promotes peony growth

which has higher promotion value in peony planting.

关键词

Keywords

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