磷硅肥配施对盐渍土壤水稻生长及养分吸收的影响

娄金华; 陈猛猛; 张士荣; 吴立鹏; 魏立兴; 丁效东

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.04.039

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磷硅肥配施对盐渍土壤水稻生长及养分吸收的影响

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 磷硅肥配施对盐渍土壤水稻生长及养分吸收的影响
- Effects of Phosphate and Silicon Fertilizer on Rice Growth and Nutrient Absorption in Saline Soil
- 水土保持学报 2020年34卷第4期页码：263-269
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 山东省东营市农业科学研究院,山东,东营,257091
  2. 青岛农业大学资源与环境学院,山东,青岛,266109
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "娄金华(1962-),男,山东东营人,硕士,副研究员,主要从事盐碱地改良及高效利用技术研究。E-mail:ljh6258@sohu.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  山东省重大科技创新工程项目"盐碱地障碍消减及高效利用技术研究"（2017CXGC0301）山东省现代农业产业体系水稻创新团队建设项目（栽培与土肥岗位，SDAIT-17-05）山东省自然科学基金面上项目（ZR2017MC015）
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.04.039
  中图分类号：
- 纸质出版：2020
- 稿件说明：
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娄金华, 陈猛猛, 张士荣, 等. 磷硅肥配施对盐渍土壤水稻生长及养分吸收的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2020,34(4):263-269.

LOU Jinhua, CHEN Mengmeng, ZHANG Shirong, et al. Effects of Phosphate and Silicon Fertilizer on Rice Growth and Nutrient Absorption in Saline Soil[J]. 2020, 34(4): 263-269.
娄金华, 陈猛猛, 张士荣, 等. 磷硅肥配施对盐渍土壤水稻生长及养分吸收的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2020,34(4):263-269. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.04.039.

LOU Jinhua, CHEN Mengmeng, ZHANG Shirong, et al. Effects of Phosphate and Silicon Fertilizer on Rice Growth and Nutrient Absorption in Saline Soil[J]. 2020, 34(4): 263-269. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.04.039.

摘要

针对滨海盐渍化稻田土壤根系易受盐碱胁迫、磷素养分含量及有效性低的问题，采用田间微区试验研究磷肥与硅肥配施对滨海盐渍化稻田土壤水稻根系生长、土壤磷素含量、水稻磷营养、产量及经济效益的作用。试验采用双因素设计，磷肥设2个水平：P1，P2O5 64 kg/hm2；P2，P2O5 128 kg/hm2；硅肥分土施和喷施，土施设3个水平：Si1，SiO2 0 kg/hm2；Si2，SiO2 60 kg/hm2；Si3，SiO2 120 kg/hm2；Si4为叶面喷施SiO215 kg/hm2。结果表明，喷施硅肥与低量磷肥配施的P1Si4处理在各生育时期的水稻总根长、总表面积和总根体积均为最高，与P2Si4处理无显著性差异。同时，磷肥配施硅肥可有效提高滨海盐渍化水稻土壤磷素有效性，其中P2Si4处理速效磷含量显著高于P1Si3、P2Si1，分别高出35.16%，27.47%；高磷处理的土壤全磷含量高于低磷处理。且施用硅肥的P1Si3、P1Si4处理的水稻产量显著高于不施硅肥和少量施硅的P1Si1、P1Si2处理，其中P2Si3水稻产量达9 547.5 kg/hm2；各处理的有效穗数无显著性差异，每穗实粒数P2Si3处理最高，达162.47个/穗。P2Si3处理水稻籽粒中磷积累量最高，且显著高于其他处理，比P1Si3、P2Si1处理分别高出8.46%，9.68%。在低磷或高磷施用条件下，叶面喷施硅肥（P1Si4、P2Si4）处理收入分别达到14 953.6，14 323.2元/hm2。综上所述，与不施硅肥的处理相比，磷肥配施硅肥可显著促进滨海盐渍化土壤水稻根系生长，提高磷素有效性、水稻产量及经济效益，其中以P1Si4处理（叶面喷硅，P2O5 64 kg/hm2）处理最佳。

Abstract

Aiming at the problems of coastal saline soil paddy soil root growth under saline-alkali stress

low nutrient content and low availability. In this research

field experiment was conducted to studythe effects of combined application of phosphate fertilizer and silicon fertilizer on rice root growth

soilphosphorus content

the rice absorbs phosphorus

riceyield

and economic benefits of rice in coastal saline soil. The experiment has twofactors

including two phosphoruslevels: P1: 64 kg/hm2; P2: 128 kg/hm2; silicon fertilizer is divided into soil application and spray application

three levels of soil application:Si1

SiO2 0 kg/hm2

Si2

SiO2 60 kg/hm2; Si3

SiO2 120 kg /hm2; Spray is SiO2 15 kg/hm2

and applied with water-soluble multieffect silicon fertilizer (containing water-soluble SiO2≥30%)

which was diluted 500 times per 100 mL and sprayed with 50 L per hectare.The results indicate that the P2Si3 treatment’s total root length

total surface area and total root volume of rice were significantly higher than each other period andit was no significant difference with P2Si4 treatment. Meanwhile

phosphate fertilizer combined with silicon fertilizer can effectively improve the availability of phosphorus in coastal salinized rice soil

the content of available phosphorus in P2Si3 treatment was significantly higher than that in P1Si3 and P2Si1

respectively higher 35.16% and 27.47%; the total phosphorus content of soil treated with high phosphorus fertilizer was higher than that treated with low phosphorus fertilizer. Moreover

rice yield with P1Si3 and P2Si4 treatment was significantly higher than that P1Si1 and P1Si2 treatment

the yield of P2Si3 treatment was 9 547.5 kg/hm2 there was no significant difference in the effective spike number of each treatment

P2Si3 treatment was the highest with 162.47 grains per panicle. P2Si3 treatment’s accumulation of p in rice grains and was significantly higher than other treatments

compared with P1Si3 and P2Si1

it was 8.46% and 9.68% higher respectively. Under low or high phosphorus level

P1Si4

P2Si4 treatment’s income reached 14 953.6 CNY/hm2 and 14 323.2 CNY/hm2.In conclusion

compared to the treatment without silicon fertilizer

the application of silicon fertilizer can significantly promote the root growth of rice

phosphorus availability

rice yield and economic benefit in coastal salinized soil

among them

P2Si3 treatment (silicon sprayed on the blade

P2O5 64 kg/hm2) is the best treatment.

关键词

Keywords

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