行距比例及密度对绿洲灌区玉米水分利用效率的互作效应

贺玉鹏; 樊志龙; 赵财; 胡发龙; 殷文; 于爱忠; 柴强

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.04.033

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行距比例及密度对绿洲灌区玉米水分利用效率的互作效应

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 行距比例及密度对绿洲灌区玉米水分利用效率的互作效应
- The Interaction Effect of Row Spacing Ratio and Planting Density on Water Use Efficiency of Maize in Oasis Irrigation District
- 水土保持学报 2020年34卷第4期页码：224-229
- 作者机构：
  
  甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室, 甘肃农业大学农学院,兰州,730070
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "贺玉鹏(1993-),男,在读硕士研究生,主要从事旱地与绿洲农作制研究。E-mail:kkkooking@163.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金项目（31771738）国家公益性行业（农业）科研专项（201503125-3）
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.04.033
  中图分类号：
- 纸质出版：2020
- 稿件说明：
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贺玉鹏, 樊志龙, 赵财, 等. 行距比例及密度对绿洲灌区玉米水分利用效率的互作效应[J]. 水土保持学报, 2020,34(4):224-229.

HE Yupeng, FAN Zhilong, ZHAO Cai, et al. The Interaction Effect of Row Spacing Ratio and Planting Density on Water Use Efficiency of Maize in Oasis Irrigation District[J]. 2020, 34(4): 224-229.
贺玉鹏, 樊志龙, 赵财, 等. 行距比例及密度对绿洲灌区玉米水分利用效率的互作效应[J]. 水土保持学报, 2020,34(4):224-229. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.04.033.

HE Yupeng, FAN Zhilong, ZHAO Cai, et al. The Interaction Effect of Row Spacing Ratio and Planting Density on Water Use Efficiency of Maize in Oasis Irrigation District[J]. 2020, 34(4): 224-229. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.04.033.

摘要

探究是否可以将行距比例和种植密度集成于同一作物生产系统中来提高作物产量，增加水分利用效率。以玉米"五谷568"为研究材料，于2017—2018年进行大田试验，设7：3（L1，宽行56 cm：窄行24 cm），6：4（L2，宽行48 cm：窄行32 cm），5：5（L3，等行距40 cm）3个行距比例水平，82 500株/hm2（D1）、90 000株/hm2（D2）、97 500株/hm2（D3）、105 000株/hm2（D4）、112 500株/hm2（D5）5个种植密度，探讨不同行距比例及密度处理对玉米的耗水特征、产量及水分利用效率的影响。结果表明，L1行距比例可有效降低玉米耗水量，但会增加棵间蒸发，对E/ET影响不显著，其中2017年L1较L3能有效降低耗水量11.9%，2018年无显著差异；此外与传统行距比例相比，L1行距比例具有增产优势，玉米增产5.2%~10.5%，提高水分利用效率6.5%~8.7%。密度间比较，D3密度较传统密度D1能有效降低耗水量、棵间蒸发量以及E/ET，对玉米增产及水分利用效率的提高有促进作用；其中D3密度较传统密度D1耗水量降低13.3%，2018年差异不显著；棵间蒸发量减小7.1%~7.2%；E/ET减小6.8%~19.2%；玉米增产7.5%~17.1%；水分利用效率提高23.9%~46.2%。2年L1D3较传统处理L3D1耗水量降低12.8%~30.6%；棵间蒸发量降低8.5%~10.4%；E/ET降低7.3%~7.5%；玉米产量增加7.7%~25.5%；水分利用效率提高36.0%~41.2%。因此，在河西绿洲灌区，7：3（L1，宽行56 cm：窄行24 cm）行距比例结合97 500株/hm2（D3）种植密度可有效增加玉米产量，提高玉米水分利用效率。

Abstract

The objective of this study was to explore whether the integration of row spacing ratio with planting density in one cropping system will increase water use efficiency of ‘Wugu 568’ maize at the Oasis Irrigation District. A field experiment was conducted at the Oasis experimental station from 2017 to 2018

to investigate the above objective. Three row spacing levels were used in the ratio; 7∶3 (L1

56 cm wide∶24 cm narrow)

6∶4 (L2

48 cm wide∶32 cm narrow)

and 5∶5 (L3

equal row spacing 40cm); with five plant density levels

thus

82 500 plants / hm2 (D1)

90 000 plants / hm2 (D2)

97 500 plants / hm2 (D3)

105 000 plants / hm2 (D4)

112 500 plants / hm2 (D5). The primary objective of this research was to investigate the effect of different row spacing ratio and planting densities on water consumption

grain yield and water use efficiency of maize. The results showed that row spacing ratio of L1 can effectively reduce the water consumption and increase the evaporation between rows and has no significant effect on E/ET. Among the treatments

L1 can effectively reduce water consumption by 11.9% compared with L3 in 2017

and there was no significant difference in 2018. Comparing the row spacing ratio

the L1 row spacing ratio has the advantage of increasing grain yield by 5.2%~10.5%

and improving water use efficiency by 6.5%~8.7%. By comparing the density treatments

D3 density can effectively reduce water consumption and the evaporation between rows

and E/ET as compared to the traditional density D1. The treatment D3 is 13.3% lower than that of the traditional density D1 and promoted and increased corn yield and water use efficiency. In 2018

the difference was not significant; the evaporation between rows decreased by 7.1%~7.2%; E/ET decreased by 6.8%~ 19.2%; increased grain yield by 7.5%~17.1%; and also increased water use efficiency by 23.9%~ 46.2%. Comparing the traditional treatment L3D1 water consumption to L1D3 in two years

it reduced by 12.8%~30.6%. The evaporation between rows reduced by 8.5%~10.4%; E/ET reduced by 7.3%~7.5%; water use efficiency improved by 36.0%~41.2%

and increased the grain yield by 7.7%~25.5%. Therefore

7∶3 (L1

56 cm wide∶24 cm narrow) row spacing ratio combined with 97 500 plants / hm2 (D3) plant density can effectively increase maize yield and improve maize water use efficiency in Hexi oasis irrigation area.

关键词

Keywords

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