北京师范大学地理科学学部地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室,北京,100875
[ "朱彤(1996-),女,硕士研究生,主要从事土壤资源利用与保护研究。E-mail:2952722565@qq.com" ]
纸质出版:2020
移动端阅览
朱彤, 张科利, 马芊红, 等. 喀斯特地区块石出露坡面入渗特征[J]. 水土保持学报, 2020,34(4):118-123.
ZHU Tong, ZHANG Keli, MA Qianhong, et al. Infiltration Characteristics of Boulder Outcropping Slope in Karst Area[J]. 2020, 34(4): 118-123.
朱彤, 张科利, 马芊红, 等. 喀斯特地区块石出露坡面入渗特征[J]. 水土保持学报, 2020,34(4):118-123. DOI: 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.04.018.
ZHU Tong, ZHANG Keli, MA Qianhong, et al. Infiltration Characteristics of Boulder Outcropping Slope in Karst Area[J]. 2020, 34(4): 118-123. DOI: 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.04.018.
为探明喀斯特地区不同块石出露坡面土壤入渗对降雨的响应特征,通过野外人工模拟降雨试验,研究喀斯特坡面4种块石出露条件和5种雨强对入渗的影响。结果表明:(1)在雨强一定的情况下,除在雨强为30 mm/h时块石裸露率的大小对坡面入渗无明显影响,在其余较大雨强下,块石裸露率为5.4%对入渗影响较小,块石裸露率为13.1%抑制入渗,块石裸露率为42.9%促进入渗,在降雨前期,块石的存在对入渗均有促进作用。(2)在块石裸露率及降雨量一定的情况下,随着雨强的增大,坡面的入渗量呈明显下降趋势,而平均入渗速率整体呈现先增大后减小随后又增大的趋势;在降雨前期,随着雨强的增加,入渗量呈先减少后增加的波动性变化,前期入渗率随着雨强的增大而增加,拐点均出现在雨强为90 mm/h。(3)在对入渗过程进行模拟后发现,方正三公式在有块石出露坡面上的的拟合效果比Kostiakov公式的拟合效果更好。
In order to investigate the response characteristics of soil infiltration on different boulder outcropping slopes to rainfall in karst area
the influence of four boulder outcropping conditions and five rain intensities on infiltration was studied. Field artificial rainfall simulation method was adopted. The results showed that: (1) When the rainfall intensity was 30 mm/h
the size of the boulder outcropping rate had no significant effect on infiltration. However
in the other rainfall intensities
the rate of boulder outcropping was 5.4%
which had little effect on infiltration; while the rate of boulder outcropping was 13.1%
which inhibited infiltration
and the rate of boulder outcropping was 42.9%
which promoted infiltration. In the early period of rainfall
the existence of boulder could promote the infiltration. (2) When the boulder outcropping rate and rainfall remained unchanged
the stronger the rain
the less the infiltration. While the average infiltration rate increased first
then decreased and then increased again. In the early period of rainfall
with the increases of rainfall intensities
the infiltration volume decreased first and then increased. And the early infiltration rate increased with the increases of rain intensities. In both cases
the inflection point occurred when the rain intensity was 90 mm/h. (3) After simulating the infiltration process
it was found that universal empirical model showed better fitting effect than Kostiakov model on the boulder outcropping slope.
陈洪松,冯腾,李成志,等.西南喀斯特地区土壤侵蚀特征研究现状与展望[J].水土保持学报,2018,32(1):10-16.
马芊红,张科利.西南喀斯特地区土壤侵蚀研究进展与展望[J].地球科学进展,2018,33(11):1130-1141.
王济,蔡雄飞,雷丽,等.不同裸岩率下我国西南喀斯特山区土壤侵蚀的室内模拟[J].中国岩溶,2010,29(1):1-5.
Poesen J, Ingelmo-Sanchez F, Mucher H. The hydrological response of soil surface to rainfall as affected by cover and position of rock fragments in the top layer[J].Earth Surface Processes Landforms,1990,15:653-671.
刘正堂,戴全厚,倪九派,等.喀斯特地区裸坡面土壤侵蚀的人工模拟降雨试验研究[J].水土保持学报,2013,27(5):12-16.
吴冰,朱元骏,邵明安.降雨强度对含砾石土壤产沙及入渗的影响[J].水土保持学报,2011,25(6):87-91.
毛天旭,朱元骏,邵明安,等.模拟降雨条件下含砾石土壤的坡面产流和入渗特征[J].土壤通报,2011,42(5):1214-1218.
Gong T X, Zhu Y J, Shao M A. Effect of embedded-rock fragments on slope soil erosion during rainfall events under simulated laboratory conditions[J].Journal of Hydrology,2018,563:811-817.
党宏宇,陈洪松,邵明安.喀斯特地区不同层次土石混合介质对土壤水分入渗过程的影响[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(8):38-43.
方胜,彭韬,王世杰,等.喀斯特坡地土壤稳渗率空间分布变化特征研究[J].地球与环境,2014,42(1):1-10.
王明刚,李森,金昌宁.粤北石漠化地区坡地入渗产流规律试验研究[J].水土保持研究,2011,18(6):57-61.
张治伟,朱章雄,王燕,等.岩溶坡地不同利用类型土壤入渗性能及其影响因素[J].农业工程学报,2010,26(6):71-76.
徐勤学,李春茂,陈洪松,等.喀斯特峰丛坡地灌木林地与梯田旱地土壤水分入渗特征[J].农业工程学报,2018,34(8):124-131.
李春茂,徐勤学,吴攀,等.不同土地利用方式峰丛坡地土壤入渗特征及其模拟[J].水土保持研究,2019,26(1):47-52,60.
曾江敏,何丙辉,李天阳,等.喀斯特槽谷区不同林草恢复模式下土壤入渗特征[J].水土保持学报,2019,33(4):58-64.
谢云,林小鹃,刘英娜,等.槽式摆喷头下喷式人工模拟降雨机的雨强及其空间分布率定[J].水土保持通报,2008,28(4):1-6.
任青青,严友进,甘艺贤,等.短历时强降雨对典型喀斯特坡耕地侵蚀产沙的影响[J].水土保持学报,2019,33(6):105-112.
张志才,陈喜,程勤波,等.喀斯特山体表层岩溶带水文地质特征分析:以陈旗小流域为例[J].地球与环境,2011,39(1):19-25.
Kostiakov A N. On the dynamics of the coeffient of water percolation in soils and on the necessity of studying it from a dynamic point of view for purposes of amelioration[J].Soil Science,1932,97(1):17-21.
方正三.黄河中游黄土高原梯田的调查研究[M].北京:科学出版社,1958:53-59.
0
浏览量
1100
下载量
3
CSCD
关联资源
相关文章
相关作者
相关机构
京公网安备11010802024621