连续降雨作用下褐土坡面侵蚀及其水动力学特征

袁和第; 信忠保; 蒋秋玲; 余新晓; 樊登星

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.04.003

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连续降雨作用下褐土坡面侵蚀及其水动力学特征

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 连续降雨作用下褐土坡面侵蚀及其水动力学特征
- Slope Erosion and Its Hydrodynamic Characteristic of Cinnamon Soil Under Continuous Rainfall
- 水土保持学报 2020年34卷第4期页码：14-20
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 北京林业大学水土保持学院,北京,100083
  2. 北京林业大学北京市水土保持工程技术研究中心,北京,100083
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "袁和第(1995-),男,硕士研究生,主要从事水土保持原理研究。E-mail:1210295648@qq.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  中央高校基本科研业务费专项"京津风沙源人工林与土壤水分互馈机制"（2017ZY02）国家自然科学基金项目"砾石对坡面土壤侵蚀水动力学机制的影响"（41501292）
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.04.003
  中图分类号：
- 纸质出版：2020
- 稿件说明：
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袁和第, 信忠保, 蒋秋玲, 等. 连续降雨作用下褐土坡面侵蚀及其水动力学特征[J]. 水土保持学报, 2020,34(4):14-20.

YUAN Hedi, XIN Zhongbao, JIANG Qiuling, et al. Slope Erosion and Its Hydrodynamic Characteristic of Cinnamon Soil Under Continuous Rainfall[J]. 2020, 34(4): 14-20.
袁和第, 信忠保, 蒋秋玲, 等. 连续降雨作用下褐土坡面侵蚀及其水动力学特征[J]. 水土保持学报, 2020,34(4):14-20. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.04.003.

YUAN Hedi, XIN Zhongbao, JIANG Qiuling, et al. Slope Erosion and Its Hydrodynamic Characteristic of Cinnamon Soil Under Continuous Rainfall[J]. 2020, 34(4): 14-20. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.04.003.

摘要

为研究在长时间降雨侵蚀过程中北京褐土坡面侵蚀特征及其水动力学机制，通过室内人工模拟降雨试验，分别在60，90 mm/h雨强下对褐土坡面进行连续10场次降雨试验，探讨了坡面侵蚀过程中的产流产沙特征及其与水动力学参数间的关系。结果表明：（1）在雨强及次降雨量较一致的条件下，随降雨场次增加坡面次降雨产流量变动较小，而次降雨产沙量变化较大，60，90 mm/h雨强下次降雨产沙量的变异系数为23.94%和59.88%，且第10场降雨的产沙量仅为第1场降雨的59.74%和22.28%；（2）连续降雨条件下，平均次降雨产沙速率随雨强增大而增大，径流含沙量随降雨时间呈幂函数下降趋势；（3）受褐土坡面细沟形态变化和土壤粗化的影响，60，90 mm/h雨强下坡面径流平均流速分别随降雨时间呈指数函数和幂函数下降趋势，弗劳德数亦表现出相同趋势；坡面径流阻力系数随降雨历时均呈对数函数增加；（4）长时间降雨侵蚀条件下径流含沙量与平均流速、弗劳德数、阻力系数、径流功率相关关系极显著，其中平均流速是径流含沙量变化过程中与其关系最为密切的水动力学参数，径流含沙量的变化深刻受到坡面径流平均流速的动力作用过程影响。

Abstract

In order to study the erosion characteristics and hydraulic mechanism of cinnamon soil slope during long-term rainfall erosion

10 consecutive rainfall experiments were carried out under 60

90 mm/h rainfall intensity respectively by the mean of indoor simulated rainfall experiment. The characteristics of runoff and sediment discharge

hydraulic parameters change

and the relationship between runoff sediment concentration and hydraulic parameters were discussed. The results showed that: (1) Under the premise that the same rainfall intensity and rainfall event

the change of runoff was smaller with the increase of rainfall events number

but the sediment discharge of the sub-rainfall changed greatly. Under the rainfall intensity of 60

90 mm/h

the variation coefficient of sediment yield was 23.94% and 59.88%

and the sediment yield of the 10th rainfall was only 59.74% and 22.28% to the first rainfall. (2) The average sediment yield rate of each rainfall increased with the rainfall intensity

the runoff sediment concentration showed the decrease trend of power function with rainfall time. (3) Influenced by morphological changes of rills and soil coarsening on the slope of brown soil

the average flow velocity of 60

90 mm/h showed the descending trend of exponential function and power function in the process of erosion

respectively. Froude number showed the same trend with average flow velocity. The Darcy-weisbach resistance coefficient increased logarithmically in the process of erosion under 60

90 mm/h rainfall intensity. (4) The correlation relationship between runoff sediment concentration and average flow velocity

Froude number

Darcy-weisbach resistance coefficient and runoff power were extremely significant

respectively. The average flow velocity was the most closely related hydrodynamic parameter in the process of runoff sediment concentration change. The change of runoff sediment concentration is deeply affected by the dynamic process of average flow velocity of slope runoff.

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