内蒙古农业大学水利与土木建筑工程学院,呼和浩特,010018
[ "何婧(1996-),女,硕士研究生,主要从事盐碱地改良研究。E-mail:649247923@qq.com" ]
纸质出版:2020
移动端阅览
何婧, 屈忠义, 刘霞, 等. 微咸水滴灌条件下沙穴种植的土壤水盐二维空间分布规律[J]. 水土保持学报, 2020,34(3):332-341.
HE Jing, QU Zhongyi, LIU Xia, et al. Spatial Distribution of Soil Water and Salt Under Sand Hole Planting with Drip Irrigation of Brackish Water[J]. 2020, 34(3): 332-341.
何婧, 屈忠义, 刘霞, 等. 微咸水滴灌条件下沙穴种植的土壤水盐二维空间分布规律[J]. 水土保持学报, 2020,34(3):332-341. DOI: 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.03.048.
HE Jing, QU Zhongyi, LIU Xia, et al. Spatial Distribution of Soil Water and Salt Under Sand Hole Planting with Drip Irrigation of Brackish Water[J]. 2020, 34(3): 332-341. DOI: 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.03.048.
河套灌区重度盐碱土具有结构性差、导水率低的特点,且该地区淡水资源短缺,为提高土壤水入渗性能,合理开发利用微咸水资源,可在滴头下方设置沙穴并利用微咸水灌溉。为探明不同矿化度微咸水滴灌的沙穴种植条件下二维土壤水盐分布规律,采用室内50 cm×50 cm二维土槽模拟试验,设置蒸馏水(0 g/L),2.0,3.0,4.0 g/L 4种不同矿化度处理,试验历时100 h。结果表明:在深度5 cm距滴头两侧15~20 cm及滴头下方25 cm的盐碱土处,土壤含水量较高,沙土土壤含水率随着矿化度的增加而增加,盐碱土土壤含水率随着矿化度的增加呈现先增加后降低的趋势,采用3.0 g/L灌溉水滴灌时,盐碱土含水率最大(变异系数为7.64%),说明利用3.0 g/L微咸水灌溉可有效提高沙穴种植条件下土壤含水率;入渗100 h后盐分主要聚集在滴头下方25~30 cm处,沙穴结构试验中,灌溉水矿化度为4.0 g/L的情况下土壤平均电导率最大(变异系数为50.59%),水平方向盐分淋洗效果优于垂直方向,且灌溉水矿化度越低,淋洗效果越显著,蒸馏水处理脱盐率为13.99%,灌溉水矿化度为2.0,3.0,4.0 g/L时积盐率分别为7.93%,14.57%,30.05%,脱盐半径随矿化度的增大而减小,3.0 g/L与2.0 g/L积盐量差异不显著(P=0.460>0.05),与4.0 g/L处理下积盐量差异显著(P=0.024<0.05)。结合土壤水盐空间分布规律,利用3.0 g/L微咸水可提高盐碱土土壤含水率,控制沙穴种植结构土壤积盐量,提高根系层土壤保水性。
The heavy saline alkali soil in Hetao irrigation area has the characteristics of poor structure and low water conductivity
and the fresh water resources in this area are in short supply. In order to improve the infiltration performance of soil water and reasonably develop and utilize the brackish water resources
a sand hole can be set under the dripper and the brackish water can be used for irrigation. In order to find out the influence of different salinity and brackish water drip irrigation on the distribution of water and salt in soil under the sand hole planting
this study adopted the indoor simulation test of 50 cm×50 cm two-dimensional soil tank
and set four different salinity treatments of distilled water (0 g/L)
2.0
3.0 and 4.0 g/L
the experimental duration was 100 hours. The results showed that the soil water content was higher in the saline alkali soil with the depth of 5 cm and at the distance of 15~20 cm from both sides of the dripper and 25 cm below the dripper. The soil water content of the sandy soil increased with the increase of water salinity. The soil water content of the saline alkali soil increased first and then decreased with the increase of the salinity. When using 3.0 g/L water drip irrigation
the water content of the saline alkali soil was the largest (coefficient of variation was 7.64%). Therefore
using 3.0 g/L water irrigation could effectively improve the soil moisture content under sand hole planting; after 100 hours of infiltration
the salt was mainly concentrated at 25~30 cm below the dripper. In the sand hole structure test
when the salinity of irrigation water was 4.0 g/L
the average conductivity of soil was the largest (coefficient of variation was 50.59%). The effect of salt leaching in horizontal direction was better than that in vertical direction
and the lower salinity of irrigation water gave the more significant leaching effect.The desalination rate of distilled water treatment was 13.99%
and the salt accumulation rates were 7.93%
14.57% and 30.05% for irrigation the salinity of 2.0
3.0 and 4.0 g/L
respectively. The desalination radius decreased with the increase of the salinity
and the difference between the salt accumulation of 3.0 g/L and 2.0 g/L was not significant (P=0.460 > 0.05)
which two were significantly different from that of 4.0 g/L (P=0.024 < 0.05). Combined with the spatial distribution law of soil water and salt
3.0 g/L brackish water could be used to improve the soil water content of saline alkali soil
control the salt accumulation in sand holes
and improve the soil water conservation of root layer.
张体彬,展小云,康跃虎,等.浅层填沙滴灌种植枸杞改良龟裂碱土重度盐碱荒地研究[J].农业机械学报,2016,47(10):139-149.
杜军,杨培岭,李云开,等.河套灌区年内地下水埋深与矿化度的时空变化[J].农业工程学报,2010,26(7):26-31,391.
王全九,许紫月,单鱼洋,等.去电子处理微咸水矿化度对土壤水盐运移特征的影响[J].农业工程学报,2018,34(4):125-132.
Berezniak A, Ben-Gal A, Mishael Y, et al. Manipulation of soil texture to remove salts from a drip-irrigated root zone[J].Vadose Zone Journal,2017,17(1):1-11.
薛铸,万书勤,康跃虎,等.龟裂碱地沙质客土填深和秸秆覆盖对作物生长的影响[J].灌溉排水学报,2014,33(1):38-41.
徐秉信,李如意,武东波,等.微咸水的利用现状和研究进展[J].安徽农业科学,2013,41(36):13914-13916,13981.
王全九,毕远杰,吴忠东.微咸水灌溉技术与土壤水盐调控方法[J].武汉大学学报(工学版),2009,42(5):559-564.
郭向红,毕远杰,孙西欢,等.西葫芦微咸水膜下滴灌土壤水盐运移对产量影响的预测模型[J].农业工程学报,2019,35(8):167-175.
王在敏,何雨江,靳孟贵,等.运用土壤水盐运移模型优化棉花微咸水膜下滴灌制度[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(17):63-70.
朱成立,舒慕晨,张展羽,等.咸淡水交替灌溉对土壤盐分分布及夏玉米生长的影响[J].农业机械学报,2017,48(10):220-228.
Flowers T J, Ragab R, Malash N, et al. Sustainable strategies for irrigation in salt-prone Mediterranean:SALTMED[J].Agricultural Water Management,2005,78(1):3-14.
张珂萌,牛文全,汪有科,等.微咸水微润灌溉下土壤水盐运移特性研究[J].农业机械学报,2017,48(1):175-182.
田富强,温洁,胡宏昌,等.滴灌条件下干旱区农田水盐运移及调控研究进展与展望[J].水利学报,2018,49(1):126-135.
张翼夫,李洪文,胡红,等.打孔灌沙促进漫灌下盐碱土水分下渗提高脱盐效果[J].农业工程学报,2017,33(6):76-83.
谭军利,王西娜,田军仓,等.不同微咸水灌水量条件下覆砂措施对土壤水盐运移的影响[J].农业工程学报,2018,34(17):100-108.
李慧,林青,徐绍辉.咸水/微咸水入渗对土壤渗透性和盐分阳离子运移的影响[J].土壤学报,2020,57(3):656-666.
Oster J P, Jayawardane N S. Agricultural management of sodic soils//Summerm e,naidur. Sodic soils:Distribution, processes, management and environmental consequences. New York:Oxford University Press,1998:125-147.
刘春成,李毅,郭丽俊,等.微咸水灌溉对斥水土壤水盐运移的影响[J].农业工程学报,2011,27(8):39-45.
田彤,李仙岳,史海滨,等.不同生育期淋洗对微咸水滴灌玉米农田水盐及产量的影响[J].水土保持学报,2019,33(3):260-267.
吴忠东,王全九.微咸水入渗水量对土壤水盐运移特征的影响[J].农业机械学报,2010,41(11):67-71,78.
郭太龙,迟道才,王全九,等.入渗水矿化度对土壤水盐运移影响的试验研究[J].农业工程学报,2005,21(增刊1):84-87.
王海霞,徐征和,庞桂斌,等.微咸水灌溉对土壤水盐分布及冬小麦生长的影响[J].水土保持学报,2017,31(3):291-297.
杨军,马艳,孙兆军.宁夏龟裂碱土水盐运移及时空分布特征[J].农业工程学报,2018,34(增刊1):214-221.
齐智娟,冯浩,张体彬,等.河套灌区不同覆膜方式膜下滴灌土壤盐分运移研究[J].水土保持学报,2017,31(2):301-308.
邢小宁.微咸水滴灌条件下土壤水盐运移的试验研究[D].兰州:兰州大学,2010.
0
浏览量
988
下载量
3
CSCD
关联资源
相关文章
相关作者
相关机构
京公网安备11010802024621