-聚谷氨酸对土壤水氮运移特性的影响

石肖肖; 史文娟; 庞琳娜; 文利军; 高志永

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.03.029

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-聚谷氨酸对土壤水氮运移特性的影响

更新时间：2025-03-12

- -聚谷氨酸对土壤水氮运移特性的影响
- Effects of
- 水土保持学报 2020年34卷第3期页码：190-197
- 作者机构：
  
  西安理工大学省部共建西北旱区生态水利国家重点实验室,西安,710048
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "石肖肖(1995-),女,陕西榆林人,硕士研究生,主要从事农业水土资源高效利用研究。E-mail:18302999735@sina.cn" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金项目（51379173）陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目（2018JM5051）陕西省教育厅重点实验室科研计划项目（16JS085）
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.03.029
  中图分类号： S152
- 纸质出版：2020
- 稿件说明：
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石肖肖, 史文娟, 庞琳娜, 等. -聚谷氨酸对土壤水氮运移特性的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2020,34(3):190-197.

SHI Xiaoxiao, SHI Wenjuan, PANG Lingna, et al. Effects of[J]. 2020, 34(3): 190-197.
石肖肖, 史文娟, 庞琳娜, 等. -聚谷氨酸对土壤水氮运移特性的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2020,34(3):190-197. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.03.029.

SHI Xiaoxiao, SHI Wenjuan, PANG Lingna, et al. Effects of[J]. 2020, 34(3): 190-197. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.03.029.

摘要

为了明确一种新型的环保型保水缓释剂γ-聚谷氨酸（简称γ-PGA）的节水保肥效应，在施氮量相同情况下（2 g/kg）设置了4种γ-PGA梯度的施加量（0，0.1%，0.2%，0.4%），以0作为对照处理，通过室内一维土柱入渗试验，研究了γ-PGA施加量对土壤氮素迁移特性的影响。结果表明：（1）定水头入渗条件下，累积入渗量、入渗速率、湿润锋迁移的距离均随着γ-PGA施量的增加而逐渐越小，与对照组相比，添加0.4%γ-PGA的试验组其累积入渗量、入渗率和湿润锋迁移的距离分别减少27.64%，73.45%，31.58%；（2）Philip公式模拟结果中，吸渗率S随γ-PGA施量的增加逐渐减小，呈负相关；Kostiakov公式模拟结果中，经验系数K随γ-PGA施量的增加逐渐减小，呈负相关，经验指数a随γ-PGA施量的增加逐渐增大，呈正相关；（3）随着γ-PGA施量的增加，表层土壤（0—15 cm）含水率随着γ-PGA施量的增加而逐渐增大，深层土壤（15 cm以下）则相反；同时，γ-PGA施量越大，同一时期各土层深度硝态氮、铵态氮含量越大，停止供水后的第4天，添加0.1%，0.2%，0.4%γ-PGA的试验组平均硝态氮含量比对照组分别增加29.55%，42.49%，59.50%，平均铵态氮含量比对照组分别增加43.97%，123.40%，156.74%。综上，向土壤中施加γ-PGA可有效减缓水分下渗，将水分更多地聚集在土壤浅层，同时降低肥料淋失率，提高水肥利用率，减少灌溉次数和费用，达到改善土壤结构，提高作物产量的目的。

Abstract

In order toclarify the water-saving and fertilizer-conserving effects of a new environmental sustained-release water-retaining agent

γ-polyglutamic acid (γ-PGA)

four kinds of γ-PGA gradients (0

0.1%

0.2% and 0.4%) were applied at the same nitrogen application rate (2 g/kg)

and no γ-PGA was taken as control.The effects of γ-PGA application rate on soil nitrogen transport characteristics were studied by one-dimensional soil column infiltration experiment in laboratory. The results showed that: (1) Under the condition of constant head infiltration

the cumulative infiltration amount

infiltration rate and the distance of wetting front migration all decreased with the increasing of γ-PGA application amount.Compared with the control group

the cumulative infiltration amount

infiltration rate

and distance of wet front migration in the experimental group with 0.4% γ - PGA application decreased by 27.64%

73.45% and 31.58%

respectively. (2) According to Philip formula simulation results

the permeability S decreased with the increasing of γ-PGA application

showing a negative correlation; in the results of Kostiakov formula simulation

empirical coefficient K decreased with the increasing of γ-PGA application

showing a negative correlation

and empirical index a increased with the increasing of γ-PGA application

showing a positive correlation.(3) With the increasing of γ-PGA application

the water content of surface soil (0-15 cm) increased gradually

while that of the deep soil (below 15cm) was the opposite.At the same time

the greater the γ-PGA application amount

the greater the content of nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen in each soil layer in the same period. On the fourth day after stopping the water supply

the average nitrate nitrogen content of the experimental group added with 0.1%

0.2% and 0.4% γ-PGA

respectively

increased by 29.55%

42.49% and 59.50% compared with thecontrol group

and the average ammonium nitrogen content increased by 43.97%

123.40% and 156.74%.In conclusion

applying γ-PGA to soil could effectively slow down water infiltration

gather more water in shallow soil layer

reduce fertilizer leaching rate

increase water and fertilizer utilization

reduce frequency and cost of irrigation

and achieve the purpose of improving soil structure and increasing crop yield.

关键词

Keywords

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