模拟玉米茎秆流对土壤侵蚀的影响

尹晓爱; 方乾; 杨通杭; 戴全厚; 赵龙山

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.03.011

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模拟玉米茎秆流对土壤侵蚀的影响

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 模拟玉米茎秆流对土壤侵蚀的影响
- Effect of Simulated Corn Stem Flow on Soil Erosion
- 水土保持学报 2020年34卷第3期页码：67-72
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 贵州大学林学院,贵阳,550025
  2. 贵州省高原山地林木培育重点实验室,贵阳,550025
  3. 贵州大学生物多样性与自然保护区研究中心,贵阳,550025
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "尹晓爱(1994-),女,博士研究生,主要从事土壤侵蚀机理研究。E-mail:1245657727@qq.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金项目（41867014）贵州省科技计划项目（黔科合基础[2017]1041，黔科合[2016]支撑2835号）贵州省优秀青年科技人才项目（黔科合平台人才[2019]5671）贵州省一流学科建设项目（GNYL[2017]007）贵州省高原山地林木培育重点实验室项目（黔科合平台人才[2019]5102）
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.03.011
  中图分类号： S157.1
- 纸质出版：2020
- 稿件说明：
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尹晓爱, 方乾, 杨通杭, 等. 模拟玉米茎秆流对土壤侵蚀的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2020,34(3):67-72.

YIN Xiaoai, FANG Qian, YANG Tonghang, et al. Effect of Simulated Corn Stem Flow on Soil Erosion[J]. 2020, 34(3): 67-72.
尹晓爱, 方乾, 杨通杭, 等. 模拟玉米茎秆流对土壤侵蚀的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2020,34(3):67-72. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.03.011.

YIN Xiaoai, FANG Qian, YANG Tonghang, et al. Effect of Simulated Corn Stem Flow on Soil Erosion[J]. 2020, 34(3): 67-72. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.03.011.

摘要

玉米茎秆流是降雨过程中经玉米冠层截留后沿茎秆流向根部的水量，是种植坡地地表径流的重要组成部分，对植物根部的土壤侵蚀过程具有重要影响。采用人工模拟降雨方法，研究了成熟期玉米茎秆流对坡地土壤侵蚀的影响。试验土槽长为0.40 m、宽为0.23 m、深为0.14 m；采用直径为2 cm的PVC管模拟成熟期玉米茎秆，高度为1.2 m；模拟茎秆流量为5，10，15 g/s，用相同降雨条件下无茎秆流坡地作为对照措施；降雨强度为60，90，120 mm/h，降雨历时108 min，坡度为10°。结果表明：（1）与对照措施相比，茎秆流具有加快坡地地表产流的作用；（2）模拟茎秆流条件下地表产流量和产沙量均高于对照，相较无茎秆流坡地，3个降雨强度下各茎秆流量的产流贡献率为14.90%~43.10%，产沙贡献率为12.47%~26.75%；（3）茎秆流在茎秆周围地表形成细小股流，促使坡地土壤侵蚀过程由面蚀向细沟侵蚀转变，从而增加了坡地土壤侵蚀量。因此，在坡地水土流失计算与评价中应考虑茎秆流的土壤侵蚀作用。

Abstract

Corn stem flow is the amount of water flowing along the stalk to the root after intercepted by the corn canopy during rainfall. It is an important component of surface runoff on the slope and has an important effect on the soil erosion process at the root of the plant. In this paper

artificial rainfall simulation method was used to study the effect of corn stem flow on soil erosion in sloping field. The test soil trough was 0.40 m long

0.23 m wide

and 0.14 m deep. A PVC pipe with a diameter of 2 cm was used to simulate the corn stalk at the maturity stage and the height was 1.2 m. The simulated stem flow was 5

10 and 15 g/s

with the same rainfall under the conditions

the stalk-free sloping land was used as a control measure. The rainfall intensity was 60

120 mm/h

the rainfall lasted 108 minutes

and the slope was 10°. The results showed that: (1) Compared with the control measures

the stem flow has the effect of accelerating sloping surface runoff. (2) The surface runoff and sediment yield under simulated stem flow were higher than the control

compared with no stem flow slope

under three rainfall intensities

the contribution rate of runoff from the three stems was 14.90%~43.10%

and the contribution rate of sand production was between 12.47% and 26.75%. (3) The stem flow formed a small surface around the stem

and the currents caused the soil erosion process to change from surface erosion to gully erosion

thereby increased the slope soil erosion amout. Therefore

the soil erosion of stem flow should be considered in the calculation and evaluation of soil erosion on slope farmland.

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