南方风化花岗岩坡地产流过程与侵蚀率模拟研究

邓龙洲; 张丽萍; 孙天宇; 费凯; 范晓娟; 邬燕虹; 倪亮; 孙睿

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.03.006

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南方风化花岗岩坡地产流过程与侵蚀率模拟研究

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 南方风化花岗岩坡地产流过程与侵蚀率模拟研究
- Simulation Study on Runoff Processes and Erosion Rate on the Weathered Granite Slope in Southern China
- 水土保持学报 2020年34卷第3期页码：35-41
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 浙江大学环境与资源学院, 浙江省农业资源与环境重点实验室,杭州,310058
  2. 浙江大学农业试验站,杭州,310058
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "邓龙洲(1993-),男,湖北咸宁人,博士研究生,主要从事土壤侵蚀与水土保持研究。E-mail:11614056@zju.edu.cn" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金项目（41877065）
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.03.006
  中图分类号： S151
- 纸质出版：2020
- 稿件说明：
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邓龙洲, 张丽萍, 孙天宇, 等. 南方风化花岗岩坡地产流过程与侵蚀率模拟研究[J]. 水土保持学报, 2020,34(3):35-41.

DENG Longzhou, ZHANG Liping, SUN Tianyu, et al. Simulation Study on Runoff Processes and Erosion Rate on the Weathered Granite Slope in Southern China[J]. 2020, 34(3): 35-41.
邓龙洲, 张丽萍, 孙天宇, 等. 南方风化花岗岩坡地产流过程与侵蚀率模拟研究[J]. 水土保持学报, 2020,34(3):35-41. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.03.006.

DENG Longzhou, ZHANG Liping, SUN Tianyu, et al. Simulation Study on Runoff Processes and Erosion Rate on the Weathered Granite Slope in Southern China[J]. 2020, 34(3): 35-41. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.03.006.

摘要

采用室内人工降雨模拟方法研究了不同坡度（5°，8°，15°，25°）和降雨强度（1.0，1.5，2.0，2.5 mm/min）对南方风化花岗岩坡地土壤侵蚀特征的影响。结果表明，径流量和径流率均随降雨强度的增大而增大，但随坡度的增大而减小。径流入渗率与坡度呈极显著正相关（r=0.660，p<0.01），而随着降雨时间的延长呈现出3个不同阶段的变化：初始全渗阶段、快速下降阶段和相对稳定阶段。降雨强度对径流量的影响比坡度更明显。平均产沙浓度与坡度呈极显著正相关（r=0.694，p<0.01），而其与降雨强度之间的关系取决于坡度条件。土壤侵蚀率随降雨延长呈先增后减趋势，整体上与坡度和降雨强度呈正相关（r>0.580，p<0.05）。土壤侵蚀率和径流率在陡坡上呈线性关系（R2>0.861），在缓坡上呈幂函数关系（R2>0.966）。最后采用修正的典型土壤流失方程模型来预测土壤侵蚀率，发现模拟值的变化趋势与实际测量值接近，表明该修正模型在研究区具有一定的适用性。研究结果可以为风化花岗岩地区的土壤侵蚀率研究提供数据支撑，对进一步理解土壤侵蚀过程有着重要的意义。

Abstract

The method of artificial rainfall simulation was applied to study the effects of different slope gradients (5°

8°

15° and 25°) and rainfall intensities (1.0

1.5

2.0 and 2.5 mm/min) on the characteristics of soil erosion on the weathered granite slope land of South China. The results showed that both the runoff volume and runoff rate increased with the increasing rainfall intensity

but decreased with the increasing slope gradient. The runoff infiltration rate was significantly positively related to slope gradient (r=0.660

p<0.01)and exhibited three different stages with rainfall duration

including the initial all-infiltrated stage

rapid decreasing stage and the relatively stable stage. However

the effect of rainfall intensity on runoff yield was more obvious than that of slope gradient. There was a significantly positive correlation between the average sediment concentration and slope gradient(r=0.694

p<0.01). The relationship between rainfall intensity and average sediment concentration depended on the conditions of slope gradient. The soil erosion rate

which overall was positively related to slope gradient and rainfall intensity(r>0.580

p<0.05)

showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing with the prolongation of rainfall duration. The soil erosion rate and runoff rate showed a positive linear correlation (R2>0.861) on the steep slopes and a power function relationship (R2>0.966) on the gentle slopes. A revised typical soil loss equation model was used to predict the erosion rate

and it was found that the change trend of the simulated values was close to the actual measured values

which indicated that the revised model had certain applicability in the study area. These results could provide data support for the study of soil erosion rate in the weathered granite area

and had important significances for further understanding of soil erosion process.

关键词

Keywords

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