硫酸铝对新开垦苏打盐碱水田的快速改良和培肥效果

马玉涛; 苑佰飞; 张鹏; 王永; 李翠兰; 张晋京

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.02.046

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硫酸铝对新开垦苏打盐碱水田的快速改良和培肥效果

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 硫酸铝对新开垦苏打盐碱水田的快速改良和培肥效果
- Effects of Aluminium Sulphate on Rapid Amelioration and Fertility Improvement of Newly Reclaimed Soda Saline-alkali Paddy Field
- 水土保持学报 2020年34卷第2期页码：325-330
- 作者机构：
  
  吉林农业大学资源与环境学院, 吉林省商品粮基地土壤资源可持续利用重点实验室,长春,130118
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "马玉涛(1995-),女,硕士研究生,主要从事土壤改良研究。E-mail:1600963970@qq.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家重点研发计划项目（2017YFD0300608）
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.02.046
  中图分类号： S156.4
- 纸质出版：2020
- 稿件说明：
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马玉涛, 苑佰飞, 张鹏, 等. 硫酸铝对新开垦苏打盐碱水田的快速改良和培肥效果[J]. 水土保持学报, 2020,34(2):325-330.

MA Yutao, YUAN Baifei, ZHANG Peng, et al. Effects of Aluminium Sulphate on Rapid Amelioration and Fertility Improvement of Newly Reclaimed Soda Saline-alkali Paddy Field[J]. 2020, 34(2): 325-330.
马玉涛, 苑佰飞, 张鹏, 等. 硫酸铝对新开垦苏打盐碱水田的快速改良和培肥效果[J]. 水土保持学报, 2020,34(2):325-330. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.02.046.

MA Yutao, YUAN Baifei, ZHANG Peng, et al. Effects of Aluminium Sulphate on Rapid Amelioration and Fertility Improvement of Newly Reclaimed Soda Saline-alkali Paddy Field[J]. 2020, 34(2): 325-330. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.02.046.

摘要

通过田间试验，研究了硫酸铝（0，300，500，900，1 400 kg/hm2）施用对新开垦苏打盐碱水田的快速改良和培肥效果。结果表明：与不施用硫酸铝的对照处理相比，施用硫酸铝后土壤pH、全盐量、交换性钠、阳离子交换量和碱化度降低；可溶盐组成中，CO32-、Ca2+、K+、Na+含量通常降低，SO42-含量增加，而HCO3-、Cl-和Mg2+含量没有显著的变化，从而使得（CO32-+HCO3-）/（Cl-+SO42-）比值下降；土壤有机碳、胡敏酸碳、富里酸碳、胡敏素碳及各粒径水稳性团聚体有机碳含量均显著增加，而水溶性有机碳含量则显著降低；土壤有机碳组成中，烷基碳和烷氧碳的比例增加，而芳香碳和羰基碳的比例降低，导致烷基碳/烷氧碳和疏水碳/亲水碳比值降低而脂族碳/芳香碳比值增加；此外，土壤中>2 mm水稳性团聚体和<0.053 mm粉黏粒组分的比例降低，而2~0.25，0.25~0.053 mm水稳性团聚体的比例增加，导致水稳性团聚体的平均重量直径降低；随硫酸铝施用量的增加，上述规律性通常表现得更为明显，但900，1 400 kg/hm2硫酸铝用量间通常没有明显的差异。说明硫酸铝施用能降低土壤碱性和盐分含量，同时有助于提高土壤有机碳含量并改善其品质，是快速改良和培肥苏打盐碱土的有效方式；但值得注意的是，硫酸铝单独施用不利于土壤结构性的改善，还需要与其他改良措施配合使用。

Abstract

The effects of aluminium sulphate (0

300

500

900 and 1 400 kg/hm2) application on the rapid amelioration and fertility improvement of newly reclaimed soda saline-alkali paddy field were studied through a field experiment. Compared with the control treatment without aluminium sulphate

the pH value

total salt content

exchangeable sodium

cation exchange capacity

alkalinity

CO32-

Ca2+

K+

Na+

water soluble organic carbon (C)

aromatic C

carbonyl C

ratios of alkyl carbon/O-alkyl C and hydrophobic C/hydrophilic C

proportions of >2 mm water-stable aggregates and <0.053 mm silt plus clay fractions

and mean weight diameter of water-stable aggregates in soil generally declined

while SO42-

(CO32-+HCO3-)/(Cl-+SO42-) ratio

total organic C

humic acid C

fulvic acid C

humin C

organic C associated with various water-stable aggregate size fractions

alkyl C

O-alkyl C

aliphatic C/aromatic C ratio

proportions of 2~0.25 mm and 0.25~0.053 mm water-stable aggregates increased after the application of aluminium sulphate. The above effects were generally more obvious with the increase of aluminium sulphate application rates

but the differences between 900 and 1 400 kg/hm2 application rates were generally not statistically significant. The above results suggested that the application of aluminium sulfate could decline soil alkalinity and salinity

increase soil organic C contents and improve its quality

which was thus an effective way for the rapid amelioration and fertility improvement of soda saline-alkali soil. However

it is noteworthy that the application of aluminium sulfate alone is not beneficial to the improvement of soil structure

and it is necessary to combine aluminium sulfate with other amelioration measures.

关键词

Keywords

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