缓控释掺混尿素对章丘大葱—小麦产量、效益及土壤氮素的影响

张玉凤; 沈玉文; 王江涛; 刘兆辉; 陈剑秋; 张强; 董亮; 边文范; 田慎重; 罗加法

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.02.033

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缓控释掺混尿素对章丘大葱—小麦产量、效益及土壤氮素的影响

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 缓控释掺混尿素对章丘大葱—小麦产量、效益及土壤氮素的影响
- Effects of Mixed Application of Slow- and Controlled-Release Urea on Yield, Benefit and Soil Nitrogen of Zhangqiu Onion-Wheat
- 水土保持学报 2020年34卷第2期页码：231-238
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 山东省农业科学院农业资源与环境研究所, 农业部废弃物基质化利用重点实验室, 山东省植物营养与肥料重点实验室, 山东省环保肥料工程技术研究中心,济南,250100
  2. 金正大生态工程集团股份有限公司, 养分资源高效开发与综合利用国家重点实验室, 山东临沭,276700
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "张玉凤(1972-),女,山东冠县人,研究员,博士,主要从事植物营养和新型肥料研究。E-mail:zhyfsdu@126.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家重点研发计划项目（2017YFD0200701）国家小麦产业技术体系项目（CARS-03）山东省大科学计划项目（2018-001）"海外泰山学者"建设工程专项
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.02.033
  中图分类号： S145.6;S512.1;S663.1
- 纸质出版：2020
- 稿件说明：
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张玉凤, 沈玉文, 王江涛, 等. 缓控释掺混尿素对章丘大葱—小麦产量、效益及土壤氮素的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2020,34(2):231-238.

ZHANG Yufeng, SHEN Yuwen, WANG Jiangtao, et al. Effects of Mixed Application of Slow- and Controlled-Release Urea on Yield, Benefit and Soil Nitrogen of Zhangqiu Onion-Wheat[J]. 2020, 34(2): 231-238.
张玉凤, 沈玉文, 王江涛, 等. 缓控释掺混尿素对章丘大葱—小麦产量、效益及土壤氮素的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2020,34(2):231-238. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.02.033.

ZHANG Yufeng, SHEN Yuwen, WANG Jiangtao, et al. Effects of Mixed Application of Slow- and Controlled-Release Urea on Yield, Benefit and Soil Nitrogen of Zhangqiu Onion-Wheat[J]. 2020, 34(2): 231-238. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.02.033.

摘要

为了筛选出适合章丘大葱—小麦的缓控释尿素（CRU）与普通尿素（U）掺混比例，实现缓控释肥的一次性施用增产增效。采用田间定位试验方法，探讨CRU与U不同掺混比例对章丘大葱—小麦产量、氮肥表观利用率、经济效益和土壤氮素等指标的影响。结果表明，与习惯施肥相比，50% CRU+50% U、70% CRU+30% U处理两季大葱总产量提高2.2%~6.0%，两季小麦总产量提高4.3%~5.2%；大葱季50% CRU+50% U、70% CRU+30% U氮肥表观利用率分别提高3.44~8.48，2.74~3.77个百分点，小麦季50% CRU+50% U、100% CRU氮肥表观利用率分别提高6.41~6.96，3.00~6.98个百分点；大葱季50% CRU+50% U、70% CRU+30% U效益分别增加10 783.93，5 823.04元/hm2；小麦季50% CRU+50% U、70% CRU+30% U效益分别增加2 035.33，1 448.24元/hm2；0—20 cm 100% CRU、70% CRU+30% U土壤硝态氮含量高于习惯施肥，20—100 cm土层含有缓控释肥处理的土壤硝态氮的累积高于习惯施肥，而且呈现缓控释肥掺混比例越高，保留的养分量越高。综合各项指标，50% CRU+50% U是应用在章丘大葱—小麦上的最佳配比，其次为70% CRU+30% U，这2个配比能够实现缓控释肥一次性施用，同时提高氮肥表观利用率，增加经济效益，延长土壤供氮能力。

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to screen out the appropriate mixing ratio of slow-controlled-release urea (CRU) and common urea (U) suitable for Zhangqiu onion-wheat

and to realize the high efficiency of one-time application of slow-controlled-release fertilizer. Field experiments were conducted to investigate the effects of different mixing ratios of CRU and U on yield

apparent utilization rate of nitrogen fertilizer

economic benefits and soil nitrogen of Zhangqiu onion-wheat. The results showed that compared with conventional fertilization

the total yields of onion and wheat in two seasons increased by 2.2%~6.0% and 4.3%~5.2% respectively in 50% CRU+50% U and 70% CRU+30% U treatments

and the nitrogen apparent efficency of 50% CRU+50% U and 70% CRU+30% U in spring onion season increased by 3.44~8.48

2.74~3.77 pecentage point respectively

50% CRU+50% U and 100% CRU in wheat season increased by 6.41~6.96

3.00~6.98 pecentage point respectively. In spring onion season

50% CRU+50% U and 70% CRU+30% U increased 10 783.93 and 5 823.04 yuan/hm2 respectively; in wheat season

50% CRU+50% U and 70% CRU+30% U increased 2 035.33 and 1 448.24 yuan/hm2 respectively. The nitrate nitrogen content in 0-20 cm soil under 100% CRU and 70% CRU+30% U was higher than that in conventional application. The accumulation of nitrate nitrogen in 20-100 cm soil layer with slow-contrdled slow-release fertilizer was higher than that of conventional fertilization

and the higher the mixing ratio of slow-controlled-release fertilizer

the higher the retained nutrient content. Considering all the factors comprehensively

50% CRU+50% U was the best ratio applied in Zhangqiu onion-wheat

followed by 70% CRU+30% U. These two ratios could achieve one-time application of slow-controlled release fertilizer

at the same time

improve the apparent efficiency of nitrogen fertilizer

increase economic benefits

and prolong the ability of soil to provide nitrogen.

关键词

Keywords

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