玉米地土壤微生物量碳、氮及微生物熵对不同物料还田的响应

周元; 陈远学; 蒋帆; 胡月秋; 龙玲; 裴丽珍; 李建兵; 徐开未

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.02.025

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玉米地土壤微生物量碳、氮及微生物熵对不同物料还田的响应

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 玉米地土壤微生物量碳、氮及微生物熵对不同物料还田的响应
- Responses of Soil Microbial Biomass Carbon, Nitrogen and Microbial Entropy to Different Materials Returned to Corn Fields
- 水土保持学报 2020年34卷第2期页码：173-180
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 四川农业大学资源学院,成都,611130
  2. 中江县农业农村局,四川,德阳,618100
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "周元(1996-),女,在读硕士研究生,主要从事土壤肥力提升与保护研究。E-mail:zhouyuan960216@163.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家重点研发计划项目（2016YFD0300300）国家玉米产业技术体系项目（CARS-02-04）
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.02.025
  中图分类号： Q938;Q143;S154.36
- 纸质出版：2020
- 稿件说明：
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周元, 陈远学, 蒋帆, 等. 玉米地土壤微生物量碳、氮及微生物熵对不同物料还田的响应[J]. 水土保持学报, 2020,34(2):173-180.

ZHOU Yuan, CHEN Yuanxue, JIANG Fan, et al. Responses of Soil Microbial Biomass Carbon, Nitrogen and Microbial Entropy to Different Materials Returned to Corn Fields[J]. 2020, 34(2): 173-180.
周元, 陈远学, 蒋帆, 等. 玉米地土壤微生物量碳、氮及微生物熵对不同物料还田的响应[J]. 水土保持学报, 2020,34(2):173-180. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.02.025.

ZHOU Yuan, CHEN Yuanxue, JIANG Fan, et al. Responses of Soil Microbial Biomass Carbon, Nitrogen and Microbial Entropy to Different Materials Returned to Corn Fields[J]. 2020, 34(2): 173-180. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.02.025.

摘要

在四川丘陵区紫色土上进行田间试验，以无物料还田为对照，对比分析了蚕豆秸秆、油菜秸秆、猪粪3种物料还田对夏玉米吐丝期和收获期0—20，20—40 cm土层土壤有机碳、全氮、微生物量碳氮含量及微生物熵的影响，以期为农业废弃有机物料的综合利用及四川丘陵区土壤质量的提升提供理论参考。结果表明：（1）尽管有机物料还田于0—20 cm土层中，0—20，20—40 cm土层土壤有机碳（SOC）、全氮（TN）、微生物量碳（SMBC）、微生物量氮（SMBN）含量均受到有机物料的深刻影响。各处理0—20 cm土层SOC、TN、SMBC、SMBN含量均显著高于20—40 cm土层，且上下2层土壤SOC、TN、SMBC和SMBN含量在生育时期间均表现为吐丝期>收获期。（2）在2个生育时期，3种物料还田均能提高0—20，20—40 cm土层SOC、TN、SMBC、SMBN含量。与对照相比，物料还田处理的SOC、TN、SMBC、SMBN含量分别提高2.6%~141.2%，1.9%~33.0%，5.1%~114.7%，41.5%~98.7%，其中收获期各处理0—20，20—40 cm土层SOC、SMBC、SMBN均表现为油菜秸秆 > 蚕豆秸秆 > 猪粪 > 对照，TN表现为蚕豆秸秆 > 猪粪 > 油菜秸秆 > 对照。（3）各处理SMBC/SMBN、qMB、SMBN/TN分别为3.74~10.53，0.86%~2.19%，1.01%~3.41%，且物料还田降低SMBC/SMBN，提高土壤qMB和SMBN/TN值。相关分析表明，SMBC、SMBN与SOC、TN之间均存在极显著正相关关系。因此，农业生产中可通过物料还田提供给微生物足够的碳氮营养，提高土壤SMBC、SMBN、SOC、TN含量和qMB值，维持较高的农田生产力，提升土壤质量，但具体施用物料时还需寻求土壤肥力提升、玉米产量增加以及环境效益之间的平衡。

Abstract

In order to study the effects of different materials returned to field on soil microbial biomass carbon

nitrogen and microbial entropy of 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm soil layers in summer maize silking and harvesting period

a field experiment was conducted on the purple soil in Sichuan Hilly area. This study was expected to provide a theoretical reference for the comprehensive utilization of agricultural waste organic materials and the improvement of soil quality in hilly areas of Sichuan. Four treatments with different materials returned to field were designed in this experiment

including control (no material returned to the field)

faba bean straw

rape straw and pig manure. The results showed that:(1) Although the organic materials were returned to the 0-20 cm soil layer

the soil organic carbon (SOC)

total nitrogen (TN)

microbial biomass carbon (SMBC)

microbial biomass nitrogen (SMBN) contents in both 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm layers were significantly affected. The contents of SOC

SMBC and SMBN in the 0-20 cm soil layer were significantly higher than those in 20-40 cm. Soil SOC

SMBC and SMBN in both soil layers appeared as silking stage>harvest stage during the growth period. (2) In the two growth periods

the three materials returned to the field could increase the SOC

SMBC and SMBN contents of 0-20 cm and 20-40 cm soil layers. Compared with the control

the contents of SOC

SMBC and SMBN in the treatments with materials returned were increased by 2.6%~141.2%

1.9%~33.0%

5.1%~114.7% and 41.5%~98.7%

respectively. The contents of SOC

SMBC and SMBN in both soil layers appeared as rape straw > faba bean straw > pig manure > control

while TN contents as faba bean straw > pig manure > rape straw > control. (3) In this study

SMBC/SMBN

qMB and SMBN/TN varied from 3.74 to 10.53

0.86% to 2.19% and 1.01% to 3.41%

respectively. The materials returned to the field reduced SMBC/SMBN and improved soil qMB and SMBN/TN values. Correlation analysis indicated that there were significantly positive relationships between SMBC

SMBN

SOC and TN. Therefore

we could improve the contents of SMBC

SMBN

SOC

TN and qMB value by returning materials to the field in agricultural production

and then we could maintain high farmland productivity so as to improve soil quality. However

during returning the specific types of materials

the balance among higher soil fertility

maize production and environmental benefits should also be considered.

关键词

Keywords

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