水流驱动下不同灌草格局对泥沙分选特征的影响

陈鹏; 张铁钢; 董智; 李红丽; 郭建英; 陈小雪; 闫影影; 王晶; 尚宾

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.02.014

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

水流驱动下不同灌草格局对泥沙分选特征的影响

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 水流驱动下不同灌草格局对泥沙分选特征的影响
- Effects of Different Shrub-Grass Patterns on Size Selectivity of Sediment Under Flow-driven
- 水土保持学报 2020年34卷第2期页码：93-100
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 山东农业大学林学院, 泰山森林生态系统定位研究站,山东,泰安,271018
  2. 水利部牧区水利科学研究所,呼和浩特,010020
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "陈鹏(1995-),男,硕士研究生,主要从事水土流失过程与机制研究。E-mail:chenpeng_sdau@163.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金青年科学基金项目（41701327）中国水利水电科学研究院基本科研业务费专项（MK2016J24）国家自然科学基金面上项目（51879155，31870708）国家"十三五"重点研发计划项目（2016YFC0500504）
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.02.014
  中图分类号： S157.1
- 纸质出版：2020
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
陈鹏, 张铁钢, 董智, 等. 水流驱动下不同灌草格局对泥沙分选特征的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2020,34(2):93-100.

CHEN Peng, ZHANG Tiegang, DONG Zhi, et al. Effects of Different Shrub-Grass Patterns on Size Selectivity of Sediment Under Flow-driven[J]. 2020, 34(2): 93-100.
陈鹏, 张铁钢, 董智, 等. 水流驱动下不同灌草格局对泥沙分选特征的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2020,34(2):93-100. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.02.014.

CHEN Peng, ZHANG Tiegang, DONG Zhi, et al. Effects of Different Shrub-Grass Patterns on Size Selectivity of Sediment Under Flow-driven[J]. 2020, 34(2): 93-100. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.02.014.

摘要

泥沙的颗粒大小分布体现了土壤侵蚀的基本信息，分析泥沙分选特征有助于解释坡面土壤的侵蚀过程及其作用机理。通过野外冲刷试验（流量为15，20，30 L/min），以砒砂岩区灌丛位于坡上（SU）、坡中（SM）、坡下（SL）的灌草地和无灌丛草地（GL）为研究对象，裸地（BL）为对照，探讨水流驱动条件不同灌草格局泥沙分选特征及其作用机理。结果表明：（1）植被可以通过影响水动力参数来影响泥沙颗粒的分布，不同格局泥沙颗粒随冲刷时间及流量的增大呈粗化趋势，粉、砂粒是该区侵蚀泥沙的主要颗粒。（2）水流剪切力、水流功率和单位水流功率均与泥沙DV呈负相关关系，与D0、D1呈正相关关系；3种冲刷流量下，泥沙DV均值分别为2.422，2.381和2.348，不同灌草格局下DV表现为GL < SU < SM < SL，而D0、D1趋势与DV相反。（3）泥沙分形维数与水动力参数的关系可用指数函数和对数函数来描述，回归分析表明，水流功率是描述泥沙分布特征的最佳水动力参数，运用水流功率和单位水流功率可以较好的模拟砒砂岩区坡面泥沙分选特征。研究结果为今后进一步完善砒砂岩区坡面土壤侵蚀模型提供理论依据。

Abstract

The particle size distribution of sediment reflects the basic information of soil erosion. Researching the characteristics of sediment separation will improve better understanding to the process and mechanism of soil erosion on the slope. Field scouring experiments were conducted in four different shrub-grass patterns at three different flow rates (15 L/min

20 L/min and 30 L/min) on the 8° slope in the Pisha sandstone area. This study taken the shrub grassland on the upper slope (SU)

shrub grassland on the middle slope (SM)

shrub grassland on the lower slope (SL) and grassland without shrub (GL) as the research objects

and bare land was taken as contrast in the Pisha sandstone area. The results showed that:(1) Vegetation could affect the distribution of sediment particles by affecting the hydrodynamic parameters. The sediment particles in different vegetation patterns tended to coarsen with the increasing of scouring time and flow. Silt and sand were the main particles of erosion sediment in this area. (2) The flow shear force

flow power and unit flow power all were negatively correlated with sediment DV

and positively correlated with D0 and D1.The mean DV of sediment was 2.422

2.381 and 2.348 under three flow rates

respectively. The DV under different vegetation patterns followed the order of GLD0 and D1 wasopposite to DV. (3) The relationship between fractal dimension of sediment and hydrodynamic parameters could be described by exponential function and logarithmic function. Regression analysis showed that flow power was the best hydrodynamic parameter for describing sediment distribution characteristics

and using flow power and unit flow power could better simulate the sediment separation characteristics on slope of Pisha sandstone area. This study provided a theoretical basis for further improvement of soil erosion model on slope in Pisha sandstone area in the future.

关键词

Keywords

references

Meyer L D, Line D E, Harmon W C. Size characteristics of sediment from agricultural soils[J].Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,1992,47:107-111.

Li T Y, Li S Y, Liang C, et al. Erosion vulnerability of sandy clay loam soil in Southwest China:Modeling soil detachment capacity by flume simulation[J].Catena,2019,178:90-99.

Shi Z H, Fang N F, Wu F Z, et al. Soil erosion processes and sediment sorting associated with transport mechanisms on steep slopes[J].Journal of Hydrology,2012,454/455:123-130.

Wu X L, Wei Y J, Wang J G, et al. Effects of erosion degree and rainfall intensity on erosion processes for Ultisols derived from quaternary red clay[J].Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment,2017,249:226-236.

Geng R, Zhang G H, Ma Q H, et al. Effects of landscape positions on soil resistance to rill erosion in a small catchment on the Loess Plateau[J].Biosystems Engineering,2017,160:95-108.

Liu L, Li Z W, Chang X F, et al. Relationships of the hydraulic flow characteristics with the transport of soil organic carbon and sediment loss in the Loess Plateau[J].Soil and Tillage Research,2018,175:291-301.

Hao H X, Wang J G, Guo Z G, et al. Water erosion processes and dynamic changes of sediment size distribution under the combined effects of rainfall and overland flow[J].Catena,2019,173:494-504.

Kiani-Harchegani M, Sadeghi S H, Asadi H. Comparing grain size distribution of sediment and original soil under raindrop detachment and raindrop-induced and flow transport mechanism[J].Hydrological Sciences Journal,2018,63(2):312-323.

Asadi H, Moussavi A, Ghadiri H, et al. Flow-driven soil erosion processes and the size selectivity of sediment[J].Journal of Hydrology,2011,406(1):73-81.

Sun J M, Huang C H, Han G N, et al. Effects of cover on soil particle and associated soil nutrient redistribution on slopes under rainfall simulation[J].Journal of Soils and Sediments,2019,19(2):729-740.

Saygin S D, Erpul G. Modeling aggregate size distribution of eroded sediment resulting from rain-splash and rain drop impacted flow processes[J].International Journal of Sediment Research,2019,34:166-177

陈鹏,郭建英,董智,等.砒砂岩区不同退耕还林措施土壤颗粒及交换性能分布特征[J].水土保持学报,2019,33(3):43-50.

Guo Z L, Ma M J, Cai C F, et al. Combined effects of simulated rainfall and overland flow on sediment and solute transport in hillslope erosion[J].Journal of Soils and Sediments,2017,18(3):1120-1132.

Pan C Z, Shangguan Z P. Runoff hydraulic characteristics and sediment generation in sloped grassplots under simulated rainfall conditions[J].Journal of Hydrology,2006,331(1/2):178-185.

Lin J S, Huang Y H, Zhao G, et al. Flow-driven soil erosion processes and the size selectivity of eroded sediment on steep slopes using colluvial deposits in a permanent gully[J].Catena,2017,157:47-57.

Ren R R, Xia J B, Zhang S Y, et al. Soil particle-size distribution and soil infiltration characteristics of different vegetation communities in a typical mountainous region of China[J].Polish Journal of Environmental Studies,2019,28(6):4319-4329.

Kinnell P I A. Raindrop-induced saltation and the enrichment of sediment discharged from sheet and interrill erosion areas[J].Hydrological Processes,2011,26(10):1449-1456.

胡宏祥,洪天求,马友华,等.土壤及泥沙颗粒组成与养分流失的研究[J].水土保持学报,2007,21(1):26-29.

Defersha M B, Melesse A M. Effect of rainfall intensity, slope and antecedent moisture content on sediment concentration and sediment enrichment ratio[J].Catena,2012,90:47-52.

Koiter A J, Owens P N, Petticrew E L, et al. The role of soil surface properties on the particle size and carbon selectivity of interrill erosion in gricultural land scapes[J].Catena,2017,153:194-206.

Tuo D F, Xu M X, Zhao Y G, et al. Interactions between wind and water erosion change sediment yield and particle distribution under simulated conditions[J].Journal of Arid Land,2015,7(5):590-598.

Reaney S M, Bracken L J, Kirkby M J. The importance of surface controls on overland flow connectivity in semi-arid environments: Results from a numerical experimental approach[J].Hydrological Processes,2014,28(4):2116-2128.

Zhang X, Li P, Li Z B, et al. Effects of precipitation and different distributions of grass strips on runoff and sediment in the loess convex hillslope[J].Catena,2018,162:130-140.

秦富仓,余新晓,张满良,等.小流域林草植被控制土壤侵蚀机理研究[J].应用生态学报,2005,16(9):1618-1622.

张思毅,梁志权,谢真越,等.植被调控红壤坡面土壤侵蚀机理[J].水土保持学报,2016,30(3):1-5.

Trout T J, Neibling W H. Erosion and sedimentation processes on irrigated fields[J].Journal of Irrigation and Drainage Engineering,1993,119(6):947-963.

Shih H M, Yang C T. Estimating overland flow erosion capacity using unit stream power[J].International Journal of Sediment Research,2009,24(1):46-62.

Mirzaee S, Ghorbani-Dashtaki S. Deriving and evaluating hydraulics and detachment models of rill erosion for some calcareous soils[J].Catena,2018,164:107-115.

Wang B, Zhang G H, Yang Y H, et al. Response of soil detachment capacity to plant root and soil properties in typical grasslands on the Loess Plateau[J].Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment,2018,266:68-75.

浏览量

1089

下载量

CSCD

文章被引用时，请邮件提醒。

提交

工具集

关联资源

人工模拟降雨下高寒区坡面径流水动力特性对砾石覆盖的响应

岩面附着苔藓生物膜对石芽-溶沟坡地产流产沙过程影响的模拟试验

小流域土壤侵蚀模型（SWEM）

秦岭水源地生态恢复下土壤全氮分布对侵蚀的响应

水力条件对不同地表粗糙度土壤分离能力的影响