近100年喀斯特槽谷区洼地沉积速率与流域产沙强度

裴曾莉; 龙翼; 张云奇; 卢雪; 吴喆虹; 徐明阳

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.02.004

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

近100年喀斯特槽谷区洼地沉积速率与流域产沙强度

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 近100年喀斯特槽谷区洼地沉积速率与流域产沙强度
- Deposition Rate of Karst Depression and Sediment Yield Intensity of the Watershed in Karst Trough-Valley Area in the Past 100 Years
- 水土保持学报 2020年34卷第2期页码：23-29
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 四川农业大学林学院,成都,611130
  2. 中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所,成都,610041
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "裴曾莉(1995-),女,硕士研究生,主要从事水土保持研究。E-mail:1598100292@qq.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家重点研发计划专项（2016YFC0502301）国家自然科学基金项目（41671277）
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.02.004
  中图分类号： S157.1
- 纸质出版：2020
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
裴曾莉, 龙翼, 张云奇, 等. 近100年喀斯特槽谷区洼地沉积速率与流域产沙强度[J]. 水土保持学报, 2020,34(2):23-29.

PEI Zengli, LONG Yi, ZHANG Yunqi, et al. Deposition Rate of Karst Depression and Sediment Yield Intensity of the Watershed in Karst Trough-Valley Area in the Past 100 Years[J]. 2020, 34(2): 23-29.
裴曾莉, 龙翼, 张云奇, 等. 近100年喀斯特槽谷区洼地沉积速率与流域产沙强度[J]. 水土保持学报, 2020,34(2):23-29. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.02.004.

PEI Zengli, LONG Yi, ZHANG Yunqi, et al. Deposition Rate of Karst Depression and Sediment Yield Intensity of the Watershed in Karst Trough-Valley Area in the Past 100 Years[J]. 2020, 34(2): 23-29. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.02.004.

摘要

首次尝试通过沉积物定年反演喀斯特洼地流域单元近100年尺度的侵蚀产沙历史，这有助于认识人类活动对喀斯特石漠化演化过程的影响。以喀斯特槽谷区典型洼地—常家洼洼地为研究对象，应用137Cs、210Pbex定年法分析了近100年的流域产沙强度特征。结果表明：（1）洼地平均沉积速率为1.00 cm/a （1917—1963年）和0.25 cm/a （1963—2017年），流域的平均产沙模数为609 t/（km2·a）（1917—1963年）和152 t/（km2·a）（1963—2017年）；（2）1917—1963年期间流域产沙强度远高于1963年以后，这与该地区民国至新中国建国初期强烈的人类活动有密切关系，尤其是上世纪50年代末大规模伐木；（3）1963年以来产沙强度明显减小，这是由于此前发生过较强侵蚀导致土壤变少，局部基岩出露，加之此间植被恢复、人类扰动强度降低和水土保持工程实施；（4）常家洼流域产沙强度高于西南其他喀斯特地区，与流域岩性和人为扰动有关。喀斯特石漠化并非仅是近50年人类活动的结果，也与近100年乃至更长时间尺度的人类活动有关。

Abstract

This was the first attempt to investigate the sediment yields of karst environment at the time scale of 100 a

and expected to improve our understanding of the evolution karst rocky desertification impacted by human activity. Taking Changjiawa depression and its watershed in Karst trough-valley area as the research object

the 137Cs and 210Pbex techniques were applied to calculate sediment yield intensity over the past 100 a. The results indicated that:(1) The average sediment deposition rate in the depression was 1.00 cm/a (1917-1963) and 0.25 cm/a (1963-2017)

the average specific sediment yield (SSY) in the basin was 609 t/(km2·a) (1917-1963) and 152 t/(km2·a) (1963-2017); (2) The high values during 1917-1963 were related to the intense human activities in the region from the Republic of China to the early period of New China

especially the large-scale deforestation in the 1950s; (3) The sharp decreased values of 1963-2017 were due to the fact that the previous erosion had led to less soil and exposed local bedrock

combined with the vegetation recovery

the decrease of human activity intensity

and conservation measurements; (4) The intensity of sediment yield in Changjiawa basin was larger than that in other karst areas in southwest China

which was mainly related to lithology and human disturbance. Karst rocky desertification was not only the result of human disturbances in the last 50 years

but also related to human activities with nearly 100 years and even longer.

关键词

Keywords

references

Jiang Z C, Lian Y Q, Qin X Q. Rocky desertification in Southwest China:Impacts, causes, and restoration[J].Earth-Science Reviews,2014,132(3):1-12.

程倩云,彭韬,张信宝,等.西南喀斯特小流域地表、地下河流细粒泥沙来源的

137

Cs和磁化率双指纹示踪研究[J].水土保持学报,2019,33(2):140-154.

Dai Q H, Peng X D, Yang Z, et al. Runoff and erosion processes on bare slopes in the Karst Rocky Desertification Area[J].Catena,2017,152(5):218-226.

Bai X Y. Assessment of sediment and erosion rates by using the caesium-137 technique in a Chinese polygonal karst depression[J].Environmental Earth Sciences,2011,64(8):2151-2158.

白晓永,张信宝,王世杰,等.普定冲头峰丛洼地泥沙沉积速率的

137

Cs法测定[J].地球与环境,2009,37(2):142-146.

Bai X Y, Zhang X B, Chen H, et al. Using

137

Cs fingerprinting technique to estimate sediment deposition and erosion rates from Yongkang depression in the karst region of Southwest China[J].Land Degradation and Development,2010,21(5):474-479.

Abril J M. Radiometric dating of recent sediments:On the performance of

210

Pb-based CRS chronologies under varying rates of supply[J].Quaternary Geochronology,2019,51(4):1-14.

Chen X, Qiao Q L, McGowan S, et al. Determination of geochronology and sedimentation rates of shallow lakes in the middle Yangtze reaches using

210

Pb,

137

Cs and spheroidal carbonaceous particles[J].Catena,2019,174(11):546-556.

Zhang X B, Bai X Y, Liu X M. Application of a

137

Cs fingerprinting technique for interpreting responses of sediment deposition of a karst depression to deforestation in the Guizhou Plateau, China[J].Science China-earth Sciences,2011,54(3):431-437.

Du P, Walling D E. Using

210

Pb measurements to estimate sedimentation rates on river floodplains[J].Environmental Radioactivity,2012,103(1):59-75.

Li Z W, Xu X L, Zhang Y H, et al. Reconstructing recent changes in sediment yields from a typical karst watershed in southwest China[J].Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment,2019,269(1):62-70.

陈永伟,黄英伟,周羿."哥伦布大交换"终结了"气候-治乱循环"吗?:对玉米在中国引种和农民起义发生率的一项历史考察[J].经济学,2014,13(3):1215-1238.

Bai X Y, Zhang X B, Long Y, et al. Use of

137

Cs and

210

measurements on deposits in a karst depression to study the erosional response of a small karst catchment in Southwest China to land-use change[J].Hydrological Processes,2013,27(6):822-829.

Pruski F, Nearing M. Climate-induced changes in erosion during the 21st century for eight US locations[J].Water Resources Research,2002,38(12):34-44.

吕俊梅,祝从文,琚建华,等.近百年中国东部夏季降水年代际变化特征及其原因[J].大气科学,2014,38(4):782-794.

李豪,张信宝,文安邦,等.喀斯特峰丛洼地泥沙堆积的

137

Cs示踪研究:以丫吉试验场为例[J].地球与环境,2016,44(1):57-63.

Peng T, Wang S J. Effects of land use, land cover and rainfall regimes on the surface runoff and soil loss on karst slopes in southwest China[J].Catena,2012,90(1):53-62.

何永彬,张信宝,贺秀斌.利用

137

Cs示踪和孢粉分析法对喀斯特峰丛草地洼地泥沙沉积及侵蚀环境的研究[J].水土保持通报,2013,33(1):246-250.

张信宝,白晓永,刘秀明.洼地沉积的

137

Cs法断代测定森林砍伐后的喀斯特小流域土壤流失量[J].中国科学:地球科学,2011,41(2):265-271.

吕明权,王继军,江青龙,等.基于LUCC的冀北土石山区东北沟流域土壤侵蚀时空变化分析[J].中国水土保持科学,2011,9(3):18-25.

魏建兵,肖笃宁,李秀珍,等.东北黑土区小流域农业景观结构与土壤侵蚀的关系[J].生态学报,2005,26(8):2608-2615.

景可,焦菊英,李林育,等.中国南方红壤丘陵区土壤侵蚀量与泥沙输移比研究[J].水利学报,2010,41(12):1476-1482.

齐永青,张信宝,贺秀斌,等.川中丘陵区和三峡地区小流域侵蚀产沙的塘库沉积

137

Cs断代[J].地理研究,2006,25(4):641-648.

张信宝,王世杰,曹建华.西南喀斯特山地的土壤硅酸盐矿物物质平衡与土壤流失[J].地球与环境,2009,37(2):97-102.

Li Z W, Xu X L, Zhu J X, et al. Sediment yield is closely related to lithology and landscape properties in heterogeneous karst watersheds[J].Journal of Hydrology,2019,568(10):437-446.

Zhao G G, Klik A, Mu X M, et al. Sediment yield estimation in a small watershed on the northern Loess Plateau, China[J].Geomorphology,2015,241:343-352.

浏览量

1133

下载量

CSCD

文章被引用时，请邮件提醒。

提交

工具集

关联资源

东北黑土典型水蚀区农田侵蚀与退化特征

东北黑土坡耕地土壤化学计量特征变化对侵蚀的响应

贵州西部喀斯特石漠化地区草地土壤有机质和氮素变异特征初步研究

赣南红壤丘陵区