寒旱地区生态沟渠基质去除氨氮和磷最优配比筛选及影响因素

王志超; 王战; 李卫平; 于玲红; 杨文焕; 吕伟祥; 王高强

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.01.038

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寒旱地区生态沟渠基质去除氨氮和磷最优配比筛选及影响因素

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 寒旱地区生态沟渠基质去除氨氮和磷最优配比筛选及影响因素
- Selection of the Optimum Ratio Matrix for Removal of Ammonia Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Eco-Ditch and Its Influencing Factors in Cold and Arid Areas
- 水土保持学报 2020年34卷第1期页码：262-267
- 作者机构：
  
  内蒙古科技大学能源与环境学院,内蒙古,包头,014010
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  内蒙古自治区科技创新引导项目（KCBJ2018033）内蒙古自治区高等学校科学研究项目（NJZY19132）内蒙古自然科学基金项目（2018LH04002）包头市南海湿地管理处科研项目（NH2018003）
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.01.038
  中图分类号： X522
- 纸质出版：2020
- 稿件说明：
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王志超, 王战, 李卫平, 等. 寒旱地区生态沟渠基质去除氨氮和磷最优配比筛选及影响因素[J]. 水土保持学报, 2020,34(1):262-267.

WANG Zhichao, WANG Zhan, LI Weiping, et al. Selection of the Optimum Ratio Matrix for Removal of Ammonia Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Eco-Ditch and Its Influencing Factors in Cold and Arid Areas[J]. 2020, 34(1): 262-267.
王志超, 王战, 李卫平, 等. 寒旱地区生态沟渠基质去除氨氮和磷最优配比筛选及影响因素[J]. 水土保持学报, 2020,34(1):262-267. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.01.038.

WANG Zhichao, WANG Zhan, LI Weiping, et al. Selection of the Optimum Ratio Matrix for Removal of Ammonia Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Eco-Ditch and Its Influencing Factors in Cold and Arid Areas[J]. 2020, 34(1): 262-267. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.01.038.

摘要

基质是生态沟渠的重要组成部分，但在我国北方寒旱地区，由于高寒、降雨少、蒸发强等原因，导致土壤和水体中盐度较高，可供选择的基质种类较少，从而限制了生态沟渠技术在该地区的应用。选取天然沸石、麦饭石、无烟煤、炉渣、废砖块5种北方地区常见基质作为试验材料，通过静态吸附试验对选用材料进行氨氮和磷的吸附，并将吸附效果较好的3种基质组合成不同比例的生态沟渠基质试样，再次通过筛选试验确定出去除效果最好的基质比例组合，同时研究了温度、pH和盐度对最优基质组合去除氨氮和磷效果的影响。结果表明：废砖块、天然沸石、炉渣在质量比例为1：1：3时对氨氮和磷的去除率最优，均达到90%以上。随着温度的升高，氨氮的吸附量降低，磷的吸附量升高。pH对氨氮和磷的吸附效果有显著的影响，对磷的去除率随着pH升高而降低，对氨氮的去除率随着pH升高呈现先增后减的趋势，在pH=7时，氨氮去除效果最好，去除率为91.78%。氨氮和磷的去除效果均随着溶液盐度的增加而降低，对磷的吸附效果影响不明显，但对氨氮影响较大，表现为盐度低于1%时，溶液中氨氮的去除效果下降幅度并不明显，均在3%左右，而当盐度达到2%时，氨氮的去除率仅有68%，比盐度为0时的去除率（92%）降低了24%。

Abstract

Substrate is an important component of ecological ditches

but its application in ecological ditch have been limited even there are few kinds of it can be employed

as high salinity in soil and water that caused by cold

limited rainfall

and strong evaporation in cold and arid areas in north China. Five kinds of common materials as zeolite

maifanite

anthracite

slag and fragment of waste brick were selected as test materials in this study

and the adsorption characteristics of ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus had been investigated by static adsorption test. Three kinds of substrates with good adsorption effect were combined in different proportions into ecological ditch substrates and matrix proportion combination with the best removal efficiency had been determination. The effects of temperature

and salinity on the removal efficiency of ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus were also studied in the test. The experimental results showed that the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus reached maximum when the matching proportion of fragment of waste brick

zeolite and slag was 1:1:3

and its removal rate of ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus was higher than 90%. With the increase of temperature

adsorption capacity of ammonia nitrogen decreased

while adsorption capacity of phosphorus increased. A significant effect of pH was observed on the adsorption of ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus

the removal rate of phosphorus decreased with increment of pH. However the removal rate of ammonia nitrogen had increase first and then decrease with increment of pH

and the removal rate of was 91.78% when pH was 7. The removal efficiency of ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus decreased with the increment of salinity in solution

the effect of salinity on ammonia nitrogen adsorption was more significant than that of phosphorus. When salinity was less than 1%

the decrease of removal efficiency of ammonia nitrogen in solution was not obvious

removal rate of ammonia nitrogen and phosphorus was about 3%. The removal rate of ammonia nitrogen was only 68% when salinity was 2%

of which have decreased by 24% compared with its removal rate was 92% when salinity was 0.

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