秸秆和地膜覆盖对黄土高原旱作小麦田土壤团聚体氮组分的影响

张少宏; 付鑫; IHSAN Muhammad; 刘文清; 王俊

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.01.034

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秸秆和地膜覆盖对黄土高原旱作小麦田土壤团聚体氮组分的影响

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 秸秆和地膜覆盖对黄土高原旱作小麦田土壤团聚体氮组分的影响
- Effects of Straw and Plastic Film Mulching on Nitrogen Composition of Soil Aggregates in Dryland Wheat Field on the Loess Plateau
- 水土保持学报 2020年34卷第1期页码：236-241
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 西北大学城市与环境学院,西安,710127
  2. 陕西省地表系统与环境承载力重点实验室,西安,710127
- 作者简介：
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金项目（31570440，31270484）
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.01.034
  中图分类号： S152.4
- 纸质出版：2020
- 稿件说明：
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张少宏, 付鑫, IHSAN Muhammad, 等. 秸秆和地膜覆盖对黄土高原旱作小麦田土壤团聚体氮组分的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2020,34(1):236-241.

ZHANG Shaohong, FU Xin, IHSAN Muhammad, et al. Effects of Straw and Plastic Film Mulching on Nitrogen Composition of Soil Aggregates in Dryland Wheat Field on the Loess Plateau[J]. 2020, 34(1): 236-241.
张少宏, 付鑫, IHSAN Muhammad, 等. 秸秆和地膜覆盖对黄土高原旱作小麦田土壤团聚体氮组分的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2020,34(1):236-241. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.01.034.

ZHANG Shaohong, FU Xin, IHSAN Muhammad, et al. Effects of Straw and Plastic Film Mulching on Nitrogen Composition of Soil Aggregates in Dryland Wheat Field on the Loess Plateau[J]. 2020, 34(1): 236-241. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.01.034.

摘要

利用田间定位试验研究旱作农田不同覆盖措施对土壤团聚体氮组分的影响。基于黄土高原8年冬小麦覆盖定位试验，试验设置生育期秸秆覆盖（SM）、生育期地膜覆盖（PM）和无覆盖对照（CK）3个处理。采用干筛法测定团聚体分布特征及不同粒径团聚体中全氮（STN）、微生物量氮（MBN）和潜在可矿化氮（PNM）含量。结果表明：（1）与CK处理相比，2种覆盖处理均未在各粒径团聚体全氮含量有显著变化，但SM处理相较于PM处理提高了0—10 cm土层的1.00~0.25 mm粒径团聚体STN含量（12.88%，P<0.05）。（2）与CK处理相比，SM处理在0—10 cm土层中>2.00，2.00~1.00，<0.25 mm粒径团聚体MBN含量分别提高18.67%，24.05%，20.08%（P<0.05），且各粒径团聚体PNM含量分别提高35.13%，30.03%，42.88%（P<0.05）；SM处理在10—20 cm土层中>2.00 mm粒径团聚体MBN含量提高23.02%（P<0.05），分别提高>2.00，2.00~1.00，<0.25 mm粒径团聚体PNM含量28.59%，31.31%，32.48%（PP<0.05）。（4）微团聚体（<0.25 mm）氮组分含量均高于大团聚（>0.25 mm）氮组分含量，但大团聚体氮组分贡献率为81.88%~87.66%。可见，SM处理可提高土壤表层大团聚体氮组分的贡献率，使更多的氮素储存在大团聚体中，而PM处理对团聚体氮素贡献率的影响作用较小。总体而言，与CK和PM处理相比，SM处理可提高总土壤氮组分含量，提高微团聚体和大团聚体氮组分含量，使更多的氮储存在大团聚体中，促进土壤氮素周转。

Abstract

Field experiments were conducted to study nitrogen composition of soil aggregates under straw and plastic film mulching in dryland wheat fields. Based on an 8 years mulching experiment in the Losses Plateau

the experiment set up three treatments:straw mulching (SM)

plastic film mulching (PM)

and no mulching (CK) during the growth period. The dry sieve method was used to determine the distribution characteristics of aggregates and the contents of total nitrogen (STN)

microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN)

and potential mineralizable nitrogen (PNM) in difference particle size aggregates. The results showed that:(1) Compared with no mulching

both straw mulching and plastic film mulching had no significant effects on soil total nitrogen content of difference particle size aggregates. SM increased the content of STN of the 1.00~0.25 mm particle size aggregate in the 0-10 cm soil layer compared with PM (12.88%

P<0.05). (2) Compared with CK

in the 0-10 cm soil layer

SM increased the content of MBN of the particle size classes >2.00

2.00~1.00

and <0.25 mm by 18.67%

24.05%

20.08% (P<0.05)

and increased the content of PNM of the particle size classes >2.00

2.00~1.00 and < 0.25 mm by 35.13%

30.03%

42.88% (P<0.05). In the 10-20cm soil layer

SM increased the content of MBN of the particle size classes > 2.00 mm by 23.02% (P<0.05)

and SM improved the PNM content of the particle size classes >2.00

1.00~0.25 and < 0.25 mm by 28.59%

31.31%

32.48% (P<0.05). (3) Compared with CK

PM significantly increased the content of PNM of the particle size class < 0.25 mm in 0-10 cm soil layer (32.34%

P<0.05). (4) The content of nitrogen components of micro-aggregates (< 0.25 mm) was significantly higher than that of macro-aggregates (> 0.25 mm)

however the contribution rate of the macro-aggregates nitrogen component was 81.88%~87.66%. SM increased the contribution rate of soil macro-aggregates to nitrogen component

so that more nitrogen was stored in macro-aggregates

and the effect of PM on the contribution rate of nitrogen in the aggregates was marginal. Overall

compared with CK and PM

SM increased the STN content and the nitrogen content of the micro-aggregates and macro-aggregates

so that more nitrogen is stored in the macro-aggregates and promote soil nitrogen turnover.

关键词

Keywords

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