1. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所, 陆地水循环及地表过程重点实验室,北京,100101
2. 中国科学院大学资源环境学院,北京,100049
3. 广东省生态环境技术研究所, 广东省农业环境综合治理重点实验室,广州,510650
纸质出版:2020
移动端阅览
张萍, 郑明国, 蔡强国, 等. 无定河黄土区降水和产沙的相关性及其时空变异[J]. 水土保持学报, 2020,34(1):8-16.
ZHANG Ping, ZHENG Mingguo, CAI Qiangguo and MA Xiaoqing. Correlation and Spatial-Temporal Variation of Precipitation and Sediment Production in Wuding River Loess Area[J]. 2020, 34(1): 8-16.
张萍, 郑明国, 蔡强国, 等. 无定河黄土区降水和产沙的相关性及其时空变异[J]. 水土保持学报, 2020,34(1):8-16. DOI: 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.01.002.
ZHANG Ping, ZHENG Mingguo, CAI Qiangguo and MA Xiaoqing. Correlation and Spatial-Temporal Variation of Precipitation and Sediment Production in Wuding River Loess Area[J]. 2020, 34(1): 8-16. DOI: 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2020.01.002.
通过泰森多边形加权变差系数法研究了黄河中游无定河流域黄土区降水和侵蚀产沙的空间变异规律,并用线性回归分析探究两者空间变异性的相关性。以黄河主要泥沙来源区之-的无定河流域为例,分析了该流域黄土区1959—2015年水土保持措施综合治理前后降水和侵蚀产沙的时空变异规律,所选用的降水特征为汛期降水(Pflood)和汛期降雨侵蚀力(Rflood),用产沙模数(SSY)表示该流域产沙量的多少。结果表明:(1)在水土流失治理前(1959—1970年),该地区降水特征与产沙模数在时间上的增减变化趋势-致,而且两者呈显著的幂函数相关关系(P<0.01),Pflood和Rflood对侵蚀产沙的影响-致;在大规模水土流失治理后(1971—2015年),由于该流域修建了大量淤地坝等水土保持措施,产沙量骤减,降水特征和产沙模数无显著相关关系。(2)在多年时间尺度上(1959—2015年),汛期降水的空间变异性为8%,汛期降雨侵蚀力的空间变异系数为15%,汛期降水的空间变异性小于汛期降雨侵蚀力;1959—1970年期间产沙模数的空间变异性小于1971—2015年期间。在1959—1970年期间,降水特征和产沙模数的空间变异性呈显著的二次多项式相关关系(P<0.01),而且汛期降雨侵蚀力与产沙模数的空间变异性的相关性更加显著(R2=0.76,P<0.01);1971—2015年降水特征与产沙模数的空间变异性无显著相关关系。在人类活动以前流域产沙空间变异性的主要影响因素为汛期降雨侵蚀力的空间变异性,而在水土流失治理之后降水的空间变异性对流域产沙空间变异性的影响减小,此时流域产沙的空间变异主要受人类活动的影响。
The spatial variation of precipitation and erosion sediment production in loess areas of Wuding River basin in the middle reach of the Yellow River were studied by using Thiessen polygon weighted coefficient of variation method
and the correlation between the spatial variability was explored by using linear regression analysis. Based on Wuding River basin
one of the main sediment source area of the Yellow River
this paper analyzed the temporal and spatial variation of precipitation and sediment yield of the loess area in 1959-2015 before and after the soil and water conservation measures
choosing flood season precipitation (Pflood) and flood season rainfall erosivity (Rflood) for the precipitation characteristics
and specific sediment yield (SSY) for sediments production. The results showed that:(1) Before soil and water conservation measures (1959-1970)
the trend of precipitation characteristics in this region was consistent with the change of SSY in time
and the two precipitation characteristics showed a significant power function correlation (P<0.01). The effects of Pflood and Rflood on erosion sediment yield were consistent. After large-scale soil and water conservation measures (1971-2015)
due to the construction of a large number of silt-dam in study area
sediment yield decreased sharply
and there was no significant correlation between precipitation characteristics and SSY. (2) On the multi-year time scale (1959-2015)
the spatial variability of Pflood was 8%
and the spatial variation coefficient of Rflood was 15%
and the spatial variability of Pflood was less than that of Rflood. The spatial variability of SSY between 1959-1970 was smaller than that between 1971-2015. During 1959-1970
the spatial variability of precipitation characteristics and SSY showed a significant quadratic polynomial correlation (P<0.01)
and the correlation between Rflood and SSY was more significant (R2=0.76
P<0.01). There was no significant correlation between precipitation characteristics and SSY from 1971 to 2015. The results showed that the spatial variability of SSY before human activities was mainly affected by the spatial variability of Rflood
while the spatial variability of SSY as mainly affected by human activities after soil and water conservation measures.
张洪波,李娇娇,辛琛,等.黄河中游支流无定河流域水沙情势与变异特[J].地球科学与环境学报,2019,41(2):241-252.
许炯心.黄河中游多沙粗沙区水土保持减沙的近期趋势及其成因[J].中国水土保持,2004,2(7):7-10,48.
廖义善,卓慕宁,蔡强国,等.大理河流域不同时间尺度水沙变化影响因素及趋势研究[J].水土保持学报,2009,23(6):51-56.
司海松,沈冰,李洁,等.多沙粗沙区5流域水沙变化及其对人类活动的响应[J].水电能源科学,2017,35(2):86-90.
许炯心.黄河中游多沙粗沙区1997-2007年的水沙变化趋势及其成因[J].水土保持学报,2010,24(1):1-7.
秦瑞杰,李桂芳,李平.降水和土地利用变化对罗玉沟流域水沙关系的影响[J].水土保持学报,2018,32(5):29-34,40.
张雪松,郝芳华,张建永.降雨空间分布不均匀性对流域径流和泥沙模拟影响研究[J].水土保持研究,2004,11(1):9-12.
郝芳华,陈利群,刘昌明,等.降雨的空间不均性对模拟产流量和产沙量不确定的影响[J].地理科学进展,2003,22(5):446-453.
李占斌,符素华,靳顶.流域降雨侵蚀产沙过程水沙传递关系研究[J].土壤侵蚀与水土保持学报,1997,11(4):45-50.
王麒翔,范晓辉,王孟本.近50年黄土高原地区降水时空变化特征[J].生态学报,2011,31(19):5512-5523.
李占斌.黄土地区小流域次暴雨侵蚀产沙研究[J].西安理工大学学报,1996,11(3):177-183.
张士锋,贾绍凤.降水不均匀性对黄河天然径流量的影响[J].地理科学进展,2001,20(4):355-363.
Zheng M. Scale independence and spatial uniformity of specific sediment yield in loess areas of the Wuding River Basin, northwest China:Basin sediment yield in the Chinese Loess Plateau[J]. Land Degradation & Development,2017,28(4):1450-1462.
ⅰrvem A, Topaloġlu F, Uygur V. Estimating spatial distribution of soil loss over seyhan river basin in Turkey[J]. Journal of Hydrology,2007,336(1):30-37.
Cerdan O,Govers G,Lebissonnais Y,et al.Rates and spatial variations of soil erosion in Europe:A Study based on erosion plot data[J]. Geomorphology,2010,122(1):167-177.
王万忠,焦菊英,魏艳红,等.近半个世纪以来黄土高原侵蚀产沙的时空分异特征[J].泥沙研究,2015,11(2):9-16.
邱扬,傅伯杰,王勇.土壤侵蚀时空变异及其与环境因子的时空关系[J].水土保持学报,2002,16(1):108-111.
陈志强,陈志彪,陈明华.福建省水土流失强度的地统计分析[J].自然资源学报,2011,26(8):1394-1400.
Jetten V, Govers G, Hessel R. Erosion models:Quality of spatial predictions[J].Hydrological Processes,2010,17(5):121-129.
王随继.无定河流域不同地貌区水沙过程对比[J].地理研究,2007,26(3):508-517.
水利部黄河水利委员会会刊.中华人民共和国文化年鉴[M].郑州:黄河水利委员会,2015.
毕彩霞.黄河中游皇甫川流域产沙性降雨及其对径流输沙的影响[D]:北京:中国科学院研究生院(教育部水土保持与生态环境研究中心),2013.
Wischmeier W. Use and misuse of universal soil loss equation[J]. Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,1976,31(1):5-9.
马小晴,郑明国.基于统计检验的降雨侵蚀力简易计算模型比较[J].资源科学,2018,40(8):1622-1633.
章文波,谢云,刘宝元.利用日雨量计算降雨侵蚀力的方法研究[J].地理科学,2002,22(6):705-711.
殷水清,谢云.黄土高原地区中小流域日降雨空间分布特征[J].北京师范大学学报(自然科学版),2005,41(1):89-91.
杨媛媛,李占斌,任宗萍,等.人类活动对无定河流域不同地貌区水沙变化的影响[J].泥沙研究,2017,42(5):50-56.
许炯心,孙季.水土保持措施对流域泥沙输移比的影响[J].水科学进展, 2004,15(1):29-34.
崔殿河,刘玉斗,赵梅.1977年黄河与孤山川河洪水遭遇分析[J].东北水利水电,2012,30(8):31-32.
许炯心.无定河流域的人工沉积汇及其对泥沙输移比的影响[J].地理研究,2010,29(3):397-407.
0
浏览量
1149
下载量
4
CSCD
关联资源
相关文章
相关作者
相关机构
京公网安备11010802024621