化肥减量配合紫云英还田对双季稻产量及氮肥利用率的影响

陈静蕊; 秦文婧; 王少先; 夏文建; 刘光荣; 曹卫东; 吕伟; 徐昌旭; 刘佳

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2019.06.039

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化肥减量配合紫云英还田对双季稻产量及氮肥利用率的影响

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 化肥减量配合紫云英还田对双季稻产量及氮肥利用率的影响
- Effects of Reduced Chemical Fertilizer Combined with Chinese Milk Vetch (
- 水土保持学报 2019年33卷第6期页码：280-287
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 江西省农业科学院土壤肥料与资源环境研究所, 农业部长江中下游作物生理生态与耕作重点实验室, 国家红壤改良工程技术研究中心,南昌,330200
  2. 中国农业科学院农业资源与农业区划研究所,北京,100081
  3. 江西生物科技职业学院,南昌,330200
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "陈静蕊(1982-),女,河南洛阳人,博士,主要从事绿肥及农业环境保护研究。E-mail:chenjr5526@163.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  科技部重点研发项目（2016YFD0800500，2016YFD0200800）国家自然科学基金项目（31860592）绿肥产业体系项目（CARS-22-Z-06）公益性行业（农业）科研专项（201503123-07-01）
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2019.06.039
  中图分类号：
- 纸质出版：2019
- 稿件说明：
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陈静蕊, 秦文婧, 王少先, 等. 化肥减量配合紫云英还田对双季稻产量及氮肥利用率的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2019,33(6):280-287.

CHEN Jingrui, QIN Wenjing, WANG Shaoxian, et al. Effects of Reduced Chemical Fertilizer Combined with Chinese Milk Vetch ([J]. 2019, 33(6): 280-287.
陈静蕊, 秦文婧, 王少先, 等. 化肥减量配合紫云英还田对双季稻产量及氮肥利用率的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2019,33(6):280-287. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2019.06.039.

CHEN Jingrui, QIN Wenjing, WANG Shaoxian, et al. Effects of Reduced Chemical Fertilizer Combined with Chinese Milk Vetch ([J]. 2019, 33(6): 280-287. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2019.06.039.

摘要

旨在明确化肥减量条件下不同紫云英还田量对亚热带双季稻区早、晚稻产量及氮肥利用率的影响。以双季稻种植模式为研究对象，设置2个不同的减肥量处理配施不同的紫云英还田量，观察紫云英连续还田下不同处理对双季稻产量和养分利用率的影响。结果表明：与常规施肥处理（100% F）相比，20%减肥量各处理的早稻产量均得到显著提高，增产幅度为5.0%~13.2%；40%减肥量条件下，配施15 000~22 500 kg/hm2紫云英早稻产量不减产，而配施30 000~37 500 kg/hm2紫云英后早稻产量有显著提高，增产幅度为5.4%~8.5%。各减肥配施紫云英处理的晚稻产量均随紫云英还田量的增加而升高（P>0.05）。各减肥配施紫云英处理早稻化学氮肥的农学利用率、偏生产力及回收率均较常规施肥处理显著提高，但晚稻的氮肥利用率无显著差异。将紫云英还田输入的氮纳入总氮素投入后，早稻总氮素的农学利用率和回收率均随紫云英还田量的增加而降低；与100% F相比，各减肥配施紫云英处理的农学利用率未显著降低，但紫云英还田量达到37 500 kg/hm2及以上时会导致早稻的氮素回收率显著降低。各紫云英还田处理土壤全氮含量均高于100% F（P>0.05），且土壤速效氮含量均显著高于100% F处理（P<0.05）。亚热带双季稻种植模式下，长期紫云英还田配合减量施肥对早、晚稻产量和氮肥利用率均产生正面效应，且能提高土壤有机质含量和全氮含量，土壤速效氮含量显著高于常规施肥处理。因此，适量紫云英还田配施化肥除可减少化肥用量外，也是亚热带双季稻区兼顾提升稻米产量和培肥土壤的有效技术。本试验条件下，化肥减量40%配合22 500~30 000 kg/hm2紫云英的配比综合效果较好。

Abstract

The effects of incorpotation of reduced chemical fertilizer combined with Chinese Milk Vetch (Astragalus sinicus L.) on rice yield and nitrogen use efficiency was studied in subtropical double-rice cropping system. The experiment was carried out in a double-rice cropping system

and ten different treatments (two levels of reduced chemical fertilizer combined with four different amounts of Chinese milk vetch) were set to investigate the effects of different combination on the yields and nutrient use efficiencies of early- and late-rice. The results indicated that early-rice yields of all treatments which applied with 15 000~37 500 kg/hm2 Chinese milk vetch and 80% recommend chemical fertilizer showed significant increasing

and was 5.0%~13.2% higher than that of recommended fertilizer treatment (100%F). The early-rice yields of treatments which applied with 15 000~22 500 kg/hm2 Chinese milk vetch and 60% recommend chemical fertilizer showed no significant differences with that of the 100%F treatment

while the early-rice yields of treatments applied with 30 000~37 500 kg/hm2 Chinese milk vetch and 60% recommend chemical fertilizer were 5.4%~8.5% higher than that of 100%F (P<0.05). Agronomic efficiency

partial factor productivity and recovery efficiency of applied chemical fertilizer N of all treatments with Chinese milk vetch applied were all significantly higher than that of 100%F in early-rice season

but no significant differences were found in late-rice season. When nitrogen derived from Chinese milk vetch application was counted into the total nitrogen input

agronomic efficiency of applied N of all treatments with Chinese milk vetch application showed declining trends as the Chinese milk vetch increasing in early-rice season. Compared with 100%F

agronomic efficiency of applied N of all treatments with Chinese milk vetch application showed no significant differences

but N recovery efficiency was significantly decreased when the Chinese milk vetch application was 37 500 kg/hm2 and above. Soil total nitrogen content of all treatments with Chinese milk vetch application was higher than that of 100%F

but the differences were not significant (P>0.05). However

the differences of soil available nitrogen content between 100%F and all treatments with Chinese milk vetch application were significant (P<0.05). Long-term application of Chinese milk vetch combined with chemical fertilizer showed positive effects on yields and nitrogen use efficiency in both early- and late-rice seasons in subtropical double-rice cropping system. Continuous application of Chinese milk vetch was conducive for soil organic matter and total nitrogen content

and its impact on soil available nitrogen content improvement was significant. Therefore

the combination ratio of Chinese milk vetch and chemical fertilizer not only can reduce chemical fertilizer application

but also is an effective technique to improve rice yield and soil fertility in double-cropping paddy field. Based on the experiment results and experimental area condition

60% recommend chemical fertilizer +22 500~30 000 kg/hm2 Chinese milk vetch is appropriate.

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