岩溶山地植被恢复中碳酸盐岩红土入渗特征及其影响因素

冯娜; 刘冬冬; 赵荣存; 李瑶

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2019.06.023

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

岩溶山地植被恢复中碳酸盐岩红土入渗特征及其影响因素

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 岩溶山地植被恢复中碳酸盐岩红土入渗特征及其影响因素
- Infiltration Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Carbonate Laterite from Karst Mountain Areas During Vegetation Restoration
- 水土保持学报 2019年33卷第6期页码：162-169
- 作者机构：
  
  贵州大学资源与环境工程学院,贵阳,550025
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "冯娜(1996-),女,硕士研究生,主要从事岩溶区生态水文过程研究。E-mail:1012079037@qq.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金项目（41807016）贵州省水利科技经费项目（KT201803）黔科合平台人才项目（[2017]5788）贵州大学创新创业训练计划及"SRT计划"项目（2018033，2018261）
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2019.06.023
  中图分类号：
- 纸质出版：2019
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
冯娜, 刘冬冬, 赵荣存, 等. 岩溶山地植被恢复中碳酸盐岩红土入渗特征及其影响因素[J]. 水土保持学报, 2019,33(6):162-169.

FENG Na, LIU Dongdong, ZHAO Rongcun, et al. Infiltration Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Carbonate Laterite from Karst Mountain Areas During Vegetation Restoration[J]. 2019, 33(6): 162-169.
冯娜, 刘冬冬, 赵荣存, 等. 岩溶山地植被恢复中碳酸盐岩红土入渗特征及其影响因素[J]. 水土保持学报, 2019,33(6):162-169. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2019.06.023.

FENG Na, LIU Dongdong, ZHAO Rongcun, et al. Infiltration Characteristics and Influencing Factors of Carbonate Laterite from Karst Mountain Areas During Vegetation Restoration[J]. 2019, 33(6): 162-169. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2019.06.023.

摘要

退耕还林还草工程实施后岩溶山地林草植被结构明显改善，研究植被恢复中碳酸盐岩红土入渗特征对岩溶生态恢复有重要意义。采用盘式入渗法在不同植被覆盖（荒草、灌草丛和乔木）下分别测定不同负压水头（-0.5，-3，-6，-15 cm）的水分入渗特征，计算不同负压下非饱和导水率、土壤孔隙分布常数、各孔隙级别对水流的贡献率，明确不同植被覆盖碳酸盐岩红土入渗特性差异。结果表明：不同水头条件下荒草、灌草丛和乔木地的土壤稳渗率均随负水头增大而递增，且碳酸盐岩红土入渗达到稳渗状态所需时间较长（约120 min），在低水头下荒草地土壤稳渗率最大（0.17 mm/min），而在高水头下乔木地最大（9.17 mm/min）；荒草、灌草丛和乔木地土壤饱和导水率Ks差异极显著（P<0.01），乔木地土壤饱和导水率达到最大（4.62 mm/min），而K3、K6、K15和Gardner α差异不显著，碳酸盐岩红土饱和导水率Ks仅受土壤有机质含量和土壤电导率控制；乔木地土壤大孔隙数量及其占比显著大于灌草丛与荒草地（P<0.05），碳酸盐岩红土导水性能主要受土壤大孔隙对水流的作用控制（>70%）。研究结果可为西南岩溶山地生态恢复和水资源承载力分析提供数据支撑和理论依据。

Abstract

After the project of returning farmland to forest and grass was implemented

the forest and grass structure of Karst Mountain vegetation was improved obviously. It is of great significance to study the infiltration characteristics of carbonate laterite in Karst Mountain in vegetation restoration for the restoration and reconstruction of karst ecosystem. The water infiltration characteristics of different negative pressure heads (-0.5

-3

-6

and -15 cm) under different vegetation covers (wild grass ground

shrub-grassland

and arbor land) were measured by disc infiltration method. The contribution rate of the hydraulic conductivity

the distribution constant of soil pore size

and the grade of pore under different negative pressures to water flow was calculated. The infiltration characteristics of carbonate laterite with different vegetation covers were clarified. The results showed that a significant differences in soil steady infiltration rate among wild grass ground

shrub-grassland

and arbor land under different water head conditions. The difference of soil steady infiltration rate increased with the increase of negative head

and the time required for soil infiltration in the test area to reach the stable infiltration state was long (about 120 min). The soil steady infiltration rate of wild grass ground was the highest (0.17 mm/min) under the condition of low head

but the arbor land was the largest (9.17 mm/min) under the high water head. There was significant difference in soil saturated hydraulic conductivity Ks among wild grass ground

shrub-grassland

and arbor land (P<0.01)

and the saturated hydraulic conductivity of arbor land reached the maximum (4.62 mm/min). However

there was no significant difference in K3

K15

and Gardner α

and the saturated hydraulic conductivity Ks of carbonate laterite was only controlled by soil organic matter content and soil conductivity. The quantity and the proportion of macropores in the soil of the arbor land were significantly larger than that of the shrub-grassland and the wild grass ground (P<0.05)

and the water conductivity of carbonate laterite was mainly controlled by the effect of soil macropores on water flow (>70%). These results can provide data support and practical experience for ecological restoration and water resources carrying capacity analysis of Karst Mountain in Southwest China.

关键词

Keywords

references

吴清林,梁虹,熊康宁,等.石漠化环境水土综合整治与山地混农林业前言理论与对策[J].水土保持学报,2018,32(2):11-19.

曹坤芳,付培立,陈亚军,等.热带岩溶植物生理生态适应性对于南方石漠化土地生态重建的启示[J].中国科学:生命科学, 2014,44(3):238-247.

熊好琴,段金跃,王妍,等.毛乌素沙地生物结皮对水分入渗和在分配的影响[J].水土保持研究,2011,18(4):82-87.

李春茂,徐勤学,吴攀,等.不同土地利用方式峰丛坡地土壤入渗特征及其模拟[J].水土保持研究,2019,26(1):47-52.

许景伟,李传荣,夏江宝,等.黄河三角洲滩地不同林分类型的土壤水文特征[J].水土保持学报,2009,23(1):173-176.

胡阳,邓艳,蒋忠诚,等.岩溶坡地不同植被类型土壤水分入渗特征及其影响因素[J].生态学杂志,2016,35(3):597-604.

高婵婵,余凯,赵传燕,等.黄土丘陵区安家沟流域土壤入渗特性空间变异的研究[J].干旱区资源与环境,2016,30(4):90-95.

王小燕,王天巍,蔡崇法,等.含碎石紫色土坡面降雨入渗与产流产沙过程[J].水科学进展,2014,25(2):190-195.

周蓓蓓,邵明安,王全九,等.不同碎石种类对土壤入渗的影响[J].西北农林科技大学学报(自然科学版),2011,39(10):141-148.

李叶鑫,史东梅,吕刚,等.不同恢复年限弃渣场入渗特征研究与评价[J].水土保持学报,2017,31(3):91-95.

张志华,桑玉强,孔玉华,等.太行山低山丘陵区坡位对土壤渗透性能影响研究[J].灌溉排水学报,2018,37(9):43-47.

陈家林,孔玉华,裴丙,等.太行山低山丘陵区不同植被类型土壤渗透特性及影响因素[J].水土保持研究,2016,23(4):60-65.

Leung A K, Garg A, Coo J L, et al. Effects of the roots of

Cynodon dactylon

and

Schefflera heptaphylla

on water infiltration rate and soil hydraulic conductivity[J].Hydrological Processes,2015,29:3342-3354.

Perkins K, Stock J D, Nimmo J R. Vegetation influences on infiltration in Hawaiian soils[J].Ecohydrology,2018,11(5):e1973.

Machiwa L D, Jha M K, Mal B C. Modeling infiltration and quantifying spatial soil variability in a wasteland of Kharagpur India[J].Biosystems Engineering,2006,95(4):569-582.

聂云鹏,陈洪松,王克林,等.采用稳定同位素技术判定喀斯特地区植物水分来源的挑战与可能应对方案[J].应用生态学报,2017,28(7):2361-2368.

Wooding R A. Steady infiltration from a circular shallow circular pond[J].Water Resources Research,1968,4(6):1259-1273.

Hu W, Shao M A, Wang Q J, et al. Temporal changes of soil hydraulic properties under different land uses[J].Geoderma,2009,149(3/4):355-366.

张俐,佘冬立,傅瑜,等.入渗水水质对土壤导水特性影响的试验研究[J].水土保持学报,2017,31(4):64-80.

佘冬立,刘营营,俞双恩,等.不同土地利用方式下土壤水力性质对比研究[J].农业机械学报,2014,45(9):175-179.

Watson K, Luxmoore R. Estimating macroporosity in a forest watershed by use of a tension Infiltrometer[J].Soil Science Society of America Journal,1986,50(3):578-582.

陈世平,李毅,付秋萍,等.不同含盐土壤圆盘入渗特征试验[J].农业工程学报,2010,4(4):36-41.

孙甲霞,康跃虎,胡伟,等.滨海盐渍土原土滴灌水盐调控对土壤水力性质的影响[J].农业工程学报,2012,2(3):107-112.

韩雪成,赵雨森,辛颖,等.大兴安岭北部火烧迹地兴安落叶松人工林土壤水文效应[J].水土保持学报,2012,26(4):183-188.

李红,范素芳,张光灿,等.黄土丘陵区退耕还林后不同林地土壤孔隙与贮水特性[J].水土保持通报,2010,30(1):27-30.

吴江琪,马维伟,李广,等.黄土高原4种植被类型对土壤物理特征及渗透性的影响[J].水土保持学报,2018,32(4):133-138.

韩春苗,甘永德,贾仰文,等.土石混合介质中碎石性质对土壤水分特征曲线的影响分析[J].中国农村水利水电,2018(8):86-90.

程瑞梅,肖文发,王晓荣,等.三峡库区植被不同演替阶段的土壤养分特征[J].林业科学,2010,46(9):1-6.

刘洁,李贤伟,纪中华,等.元谋干热河谷三种植被恢复模式土壤贮水及入渗特性[J].生态学报,2011,31(8):2331-2340.

王则宇,蒙仲举,崔向新,等.希拉穆仁天然草地不同群落土壤入渗特征[J].水土保持学报,2017,31(3):112-117.

王珍,冯浩.秸秆不同还田方式对土壤入渗特性及持水能力的影响[J].农业工程学报,2010,26(4):75-80.

唐金林,杨洁,刘窑军,等.初始含水率及容重影响下红壤水分入渗规律[J].水土保持学报,2016,30(1):122-126.

胡阳,邓艳,蒋忠诚,等.岩溶坡地不同植被类型土壤水分入渗特征及其影响因素[J].生态学杂志,2016,35(3):597-604.

高雪梅,佘冬立,房凯.利用盘式负压仪测定土壤导水率的计算方法对比[J].排灌机械工程学报,2015,33(3):246-252.

刘建伟,陈洪松,张伟,等.盘式入渗仪法测定喀斯特洼地土壤透水性研究[J].水土保持学报,2008,22(6):202-206.

刘营营,佘冬立,刘冬冬,等.土地利用与土壤容重双因子对土壤水分入渗过程的影响[J].水土保持学报,2013,27(5):84-88.

侯秀丽,付登高,阎凯,等.滇中不同植被恢复策略下土壤入渗性能及其影响因素[J].山地学报,2013,31(3):273-279.

浏览量

1623

下载量

CSCD

文章被引用时，请邮件提醒。

提交

工具集

关联资源

黑土切沟沟头土壤特性分异及其对K值影响

采煤沉陷裂缝不同距离下植被类型对土壤蒸渗特征的影响

阻沙固沙带不同治沙措施对土壤理化性质和酶活性的影响

黄土塬区土壤饱和导水率对果园还耕的响应特征

黄土塬区不同土地利用方式对土壤理化性质的影响