基于SWAT模型的寿昌江流域产沙模拟及影响因素分析

李朝月; 方海燕

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2019.06.018

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基于SWAT模型的寿昌江流域产沙模拟及影响因素分析

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 基于SWAT模型的寿昌江流域产沙模拟及影响因素分析
- Simulation of Sediment Yield and Analysis of Influencing Factors in the Shouchang River Basin Based on SWAT Model
- 水土保持学报 2019年33卷第6期页码：127-135
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所陆地水循环及地表过程重点实验室,北京,100101
  2. 中国科学院大学资源与环境学院,北京,100049
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "李朝月(1994-),男,硕士研究生,主要从事土壤侵蚀与水土保持研究。E-mail:licy.17s@igsnrr.ac.cn" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金面上项目（41571271，41977066）
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2019.06.018
  中图分类号：
- 纸质出版：2019
- 稿件说明：
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李朝月, 方海燕. 基于SWAT模型的寿昌江流域产沙模拟及影响因素分析[J]. 水土保持学报, 2019,33(6):127-135.

LI Chaoyue, FANG Haiyan. Simulation of Sediment Yield and Analysis of Influencing Factors in the Shouchang River Basin Based on SWAT Model[J]. 2019, 33(6): 127-135.
李朝月, 方海燕. 基于SWAT模型的寿昌江流域产沙模拟及影响因素分析[J]. 水土保持学报, 2019,33(6):127-135. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2019.06.018.

LI Chaoyue, FANG Haiyan. Simulation of Sediment Yield and Analysis of Influencing Factors in the Shouchang River Basin Based on SWAT Model[J]. 2019, 33(6): 127-135. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2019.06.018.

摘要

为分析山地丘陵地带侵蚀产沙的变化及驱动机制，应用SWAT模型对浙江省建德市寿昌江流域进行了产流产沙模拟，并基于Fragstats 4.2对不同年份土地利用数据进行景观指数计算，进而分析流域内侵蚀产沙状况，探讨了坡度、坡长、海拔高程、流域面积、降雨以及景观格局对侵蚀产沙的影响，并进行主成分分析。结果表明：（1）构建的SWAT模型在寿昌江流域具有很好的适用性，在产流模拟中，校准期和验证期的R2分别为0.95和0.88，NSE分别为0.93和0.87，PBIAS分别为+4.96%和+5.36%；在产沙模拟中，校准期和验证期的R2分别为0.73和0.72，NSE分别为0.69和0.64，PBIAS分别为-4.3%和-20%，均满足模拟要求，保证了模拟结果的精度。（2）整个寿昌江流域1980-2010年最大侵蚀产沙负荷均小于500 t/（km2·a），土壤侵蚀强度属于微度，土壤保持能力良好。（3）地形因子、景观多样性因子、景观形状因子、雨强因子4个主成分对产沙模数的贡献率分别为51.48%，18.51%，10.70%，6.94%，地形因子是影响流域侵蚀产沙的主要因素。（4）景观指数与产沙模数间存在显著相关性且对产沙影响显著，在今后的土地利用规划中应考虑景观特征，达到改善流域土壤侵蚀的目的。

Abstract

In order to analyze the change and driving mechanism of erosion and sediment yield in the hillside area

this paper applied SWAT model to simulate sediment yield in Shouchang River Basin of Jiande City

Zhejiang Province

and calculated the landscape metrics based on Fragstats 4.2 for land use data in different years. The sediment yields in the basin were analyzed

the effects of slope

slope length

elevation

drainage area

rainfall

and landscape pattern on soil and sediment yield were discussed

and the principal components analysis was carried out. The main results were as follows:(1) The SWAT model had good applicability in the Shouchang River basin

NSE and PBIAS all met the simulation and ensured the accuracy of the simulation results. (2) The maximum sediment yield of the entire Shouchang River basin from 1980 to 2010 was less than 500 t/(km2·a)

and the soil erosion intensity was slight and the soil erosion retention ability was good. (3) The contribution rates of four principal components of topographic factor

landscape diversity factor

landscape shape factor

and rain intensity factor to sediment yield were 51.48%

18.51%

10.70%

and 6.94%

respectively

and topographic factor was the main factor affecting soil erosion and sediment yield. (4) There was a significant correlation between the landscape metrics and the sediment yield

and the landscape metrics had a significant impact on the sediment yield. In the future land-use planning

the landscape characteristics should be effectively considered to improve the soil erosion in the basin.

关键词

Keywords

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