丛枝菌根真菌促进植物摄取土壤磷的作用机制

薛英龙; 李春越; 王苁蓉; 王益; 刘津; 常顺; 苗雨; 党廷辉

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2019.06.002

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丛枝菌根真菌促进植物摄取土壤磷的作用机制

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- 丛枝菌根真菌促进植物摄取土壤磷的作用机制
- Mechanisms of Phosphorus Uptake from Soils by Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi
- 水土保持学报 2019年33卷第6期页码：10-20
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 陕西师范大学地理科学与旅游学院,西安,710119
  2. 中国科学院地球环境研究所,西安,710061
  3. 西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所, 陕西杨凌,712100
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "薛英龙(1993-),男,硕士研究生,主要从事水土资源与生态恢复研究。E-mail:xueyinglong807@163.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家重点研发计划项目（2016YFD0800105）国家自然科学基金项目（41501255）陕西省自然科学基金项目（2019JM-518）中央高校基本科研业务费专项（GK201603073）
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2019.06.002
  中图分类号：
- 纸质出版：2019
- 稿件说明：
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薛英龙, 李春越, 王苁蓉, 等. 丛枝菌根真菌促进植物摄取土壤磷的作用机制[J]. 水土保持学报, 2019,33(6):10-20.

XUE Yinglong, LI Chunyue, WANG Congrong, et al. Mechanisms of Phosphorus Uptake from Soils by Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi[J]. 2019, 33(6): 10-20.
薛英龙, 李春越, 王苁蓉, 等. 丛枝菌根真菌促进植物摄取土壤磷的作用机制[J]. 水土保持学报, 2019,33(6):10-20. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2019.06.002.

XUE Yinglong, LI Chunyue, WANG Congrong, et al. Mechanisms of Phosphorus Uptake from Soils by Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi[J]. 2019, 33(6): 10-20. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2019.06.002.

摘要

磷在土壤中易被固定沉淀，在植物磷利用率低的情况下，过度施肥会造成磷肥浪费，可能通过地表径流、地下水溶解等方式，造成水体富营养化产生面源污染，对人类生产生活造成较大影响。丛枝菌根真菌（arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi，AMF）和植物结合所形成的共生菌根可以显著增强植株对磷的吸收利用。通过AMF可以提高宿主植株对磷的吸收转运的特性，从AMF促进植株对磷元素的摄取机制、AMF促进植物磷摄取分子机理、AMF作用下根系分泌物对植株磷利用的影响与根际微生物对AMF磷元素利用的影响4个方面的研究进展进行分析总结。AMF可以通过改变宿主植株的根系形态和菌丝网络的形成，扩大植株对养分吸收范围；释放有机酸、磷酸酶和质子等根系分泌物改变土壤结构和理化性质，与根际微生物共同作用降解土壤中难溶性磷酸盐；诱导相关磷转运蛋白基因的特异性表达，提高植株对磷的转运能力而促进其吸收。

Abstract

Phosphorus is easy to be fixed and precipitated in the soil. Under the condition of low phosphorus utilization rate of plants

over-fertilization will lead to waste of phosphorus fertilizer

which may lead to eutrophication of water body and non-point source pollution through surface runoff

groundwater dissolution

etc.

which has a great impact on human production and life. Combining arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) with plants

the symbiotic mycorrhizal fungi formed could significantly enhance the uptake and utilization by plants. This paper analyzes and summarizes the research progress in four aspects:the mechanism of AMF promoting plant phosphorus uptake

the molecular mechanism of AMF promoting plant phosphorus uptake

the influence of root exudates under the action of AMF on plant phosphorus utilization

and the influence of rhizosphere microorganisms on AMF phosphorus utilization.AMF can expand the range of nutrient uptake by plants by changing the root morphology of host plants and the formation of mycelium network; The release of organic acids

phosphatases

protons and other root secretions changed the soil structure and physicochemical properties

and decreased the solubility of insoluble phosphate in the soil under the combined action of rhizosphere microorganisms; Specific expression of related phosphorus transporter genes was induced to improve the ability of phosphorus transport in plants and promote their absorption.

关键词

Keywords

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