脲酶/硝化抑制剂对沿淮平原水稻产量、氮肥利用率及稻田氮素的影响

王静; 王允青; 张凤芝; 吴萍萍; 叶寅; 万水霞; 吕国安; 郭熙盛

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2019.05.031

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脲酶/硝化抑制剂对沿淮平原水稻产量、氮肥利用率及稻田氮素的影响

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 脲酶/硝化抑制剂对沿淮平原水稻产量、氮肥利用率及稻田氮素的影响
- Effects of Urease/Nitrification Inhibitors on Yield and Nitrogen Utilization Efficiency of Rice and Soil Nitrogen of Paddy Field in Plain Along the Huaihe River
- 水土保持学报 2019年33卷第5期页码：211-216
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 安徽省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所,合肥,230031
  2. 安徽省养分循环与资源环境省级实验室,合肥,230031
  3. 华中农业大学资源与环境学院,武汉,430070
  4. 安徽省农业生态环境总站,合肥,230001
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "王静(1982-),女,博士研究生,主要从事农业面源污染防控技术研究。E-mail:wangjinghf1982@163.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  安徽省科技重大专项（17030701052）国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项（2015ZX07204-007）国家自然科学基金项目（41401308）农田生态保育与污染防控安徽省重点实验室开放基金项目（FECPP201701）
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2019.05.031
  中图分类号：
- 纸质出版：2019
- 稿件说明：
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王静, 王允青, 张凤芝, 等. 脲酶/硝化抑制剂对沿淮平原水稻产量、氮肥利用率及稻田氮素的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2019,33(5):211-216.

WANG Jing, WANG Yunqing, ZHANG Fengzhi, et al. Effects of Urease/Nitrification Inhibitors on Yield and Nitrogen Utilization Efficiency of Rice and Soil Nitrogen of Paddy Field in Plain Along the Huaihe River[J]. 2019, 33(5): 211-216.
王静, 王允青, 张凤芝, 等. 脲酶/硝化抑制剂对沿淮平原水稻产量、氮肥利用率及稻田氮素的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2019,33(5):211-216. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2019.05.031.

WANG Jing, WANG Yunqing, ZHANG Fengzhi, et al. Effects of Urease/Nitrification Inhibitors on Yield and Nitrogen Utilization Efficiency of Rice and Soil Nitrogen of Paddy Field in Plain Along the Huaihe River[J]. 2019, 33(5): 211-216. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2019.05.031.

摘要

添加氮素抑制剂是提高水稻氮肥利用率的有效途径之一。采用大田试验，探讨了氮素抑制剂（脲酶抑制剂N-丁基硫代磷酰三胺（NBPT）、硝化抑制剂3，4-二甲基吡唑磷酸盐（DMPP）及其组合）对沿淮平原水稻产量、氮肥利用率及稻田氮素的影响，旨在为优化沿淮稻田生态系统氮素养分管理，减少氮素损失提供科学依据。以"常糯1号"为供试材料，于2018年6-10月在安徽省怀远县（沿淮平原典型水稻种植区）进行试验。试验设5个处理：不施氮肥（CK）；尿素（U）；尿素+硝化抑制剂（U+DMPP）；尿素+脲酶抑制剂（U+NBPT）；尿素+硝化抑制剂+脲酶抑制剂（U+NBPT+DMPP）。结果表明：尿素配施NBPT或者DMPP均有利于提高水稻产量、植株吸氮量和氮素利用效率，NBPT效果优于DMPP，NBPT和DMPP联合施用表现出协同增效作用。尿素配施抑制剂的3个处理U+NBPT、U+DMPP和U+NBPT+DMPP较单独施用尿素U处理的产量分别增加6.8%，4.3%，8.6%，植物吸氮量分别增加9.6%，6.5%，12.2%，与U处理之间差异达显著水平（P<0.05）。尿素单独配施NBPT或者NBPT+DMPP组合均显著提高了氮肥吸收利用率（NRE）、氮肥农学利用率（NAE）、氮素吸收效率（NUP）和氮肥偏生产力（NPFP）（P<0.05），而尿素单独配施DMPP也有不同程度的提高，但差异未达到显著水平（P>0.05）。另外，尿素单独配施DMPP或者DMPP+NBPT组合均显著提高了水稻成熟期土壤铵态氮（NH4+-N）和微生物量氮（SMBN）的含量，降低了硝态氮（NO3--N）的含量，提高了土壤中铵/硝比，而尿素单独配施NBPT对水稻成熟期土壤NH4+-N、NO3--N和SMBN无显著影响。总体认为，在沿淮平原稻作种植体系中，尿素配施NBPT或者DMPP可以有效地增加水稻产量，促进水稻对氮素的吸收利用，提高氮素利用效率，NBPT和DMPP联合施用效果最理想。

Abstract

Application of nitrogen inhibitors is an effective way to improve nitrogen fertilizer use efficiency of rice. The effects of nitrogen inhibitors (urease inhibitor N-butylthiophosphoramide

NBPT and nitrification inhibitor 3

4-dimethylpyrazole phosphate

DMPP) and their combinations on yield

nitrogen efficiency and soil nitrogen were studied by field experiment

aiming to provide scientific basis for formulating scientific nitrogen management and reducing nitrogen loss of paddy field in plain along the Huaihe River. A field experiment (between June 2018 and October 2018) using rice cultivar of "Changnuo" 1 as test materials was conducted in Huaiyuan County

Anhui Province (a typical rice growing area along the Huaihe Plain). Five treatments were set up

which were CK (no nitrogen fertilizer)

U (urea only)

U+NBPT (urea plus NBPT)

U+DMPP (urea plus DMPP) and U+NBPT+DMPP (urea plus combined application of NBPT and DMPP). The results showed that addition of NBPT or DMPP into urea increased the yield

nitrogen absorption and utilization

in which the effect of NBPT was better than that of DMPP

and the combination of NBPT and DMPP showed synergistic effect. Compared with U treatment

the rice yield of U+NBPT

U+DMPP and U+NBPT+DMPP treatments significantly increased by 6.8%

4.3% and 8.6%

respectively

and plant nitrogen absorption increased by 9.6%

6.5% and 12.2%

respectively

and the difference between the treatments were significant (P<0.05). Furthermore

the addition of NBPT or NBPT+DMPP in urea both significantly improved the nitrogen recovery efficiency (NRE)

nitrogen agronomic efficiency (NAE)

nitrogen uptake efficiency (NUP) and nitrogen partial productivity (NPFP) (P<0.05). However

urea combined with DMPP also increased in varying degrees

but the difference did not reach a significant level (P>0.05). In addition

the addition of DMPP or NBPT+DMPP in urea both significantly enhanced soil NH4+-N content and microbial biomass nitrogen (SMBN)

while reduced soil NO3--N content at maturity

and increased the ratio of NH4+-N to NO3--N. However

adding NPBT only had no obvious effect. In summary

adding urease inhibitor NBPT or nitrification inhibitor DMPP into urea could effectively improve rice yield and nitrogen use efficiency in plain along the Huaihe River

and the effect of urea added with combination of NPBT and DMPP was the best.

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