不同耕作施肥方式对夏玉米氮素利用及土壤容重的影响

马阳; 吴敏; 王艳群; 周加森; 张世卿; 王继唯; 彭正萍; 郭丽果

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2019.05.025

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不同耕作施肥方式对夏玉米氮素利用及土壤容重的影响

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 不同耕作施肥方式对夏玉米氮素利用及土壤容重的影响
- Effects of Different Tillage and Fertilization Methods on Nitrogen Utilization and Soil Bulk Density of Summer Maize
- 水土保持学报 2019年33卷第5期页码：171-176
- 作者机构：
  
  河北农业大学资源与环境科学学院, 河北省农田生态环境重点实验室,河北,保定,071000
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "马阳(1993-),男,博士研究生,主要从事土壤养分化学与调控研究。E-mail:63999319@qq.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家重点研发计划项目（2017YFD0300905）
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2019.05.025
  中图分类号：
- 纸质出版：2019
- 稿件说明：
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马阳, 吴敏, 王艳群, 等. 不同耕作施肥方式对夏玉米氮素利用及土壤容重的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2019,33(5):171-176.

MA Yang, WU Min, WANG Yanqun, et al. Effects of Different Tillage and Fertilization Methods on Nitrogen Utilization and Soil Bulk Density of Summer Maize[J]. 2019, 33(5): 171-176.
马阳, 吴敏, 王艳群, 等. 不同耕作施肥方式对夏玉米氮素利用及土壤容重的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2019,33(5):171-176. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2019.05.025.

MA Yang, WU Min, WANG Yanqun, et al. Effects of Different Tillage and Fertilization Methods on Nitrogen Utilization and Soil Bulk Density of Summer Maize[J]. 2019, 33(5): 171-176. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2019.05.025.

摘要

合理的耕作与施肥方式是实现作物高产高效的重要措施，为研究不同耕作及施肥方式对夏玉米氮素利用、产量和土壤容重的影响，在2016年和2017年夏玉米生长时期分别设置免耕浅施肥（T1）、深松全层施肥（T2）、新型深松两肥异位分层施肥（T3）3种耕作施肥方式。结果表明：与T1比，2种深松处理的成熟期植株干物质积累量、全氮积累量平均分别提高9.68%，13.97%，夏玉米平均增产17.20%；深松耕作处理的氮肥生产效率和农学效率较T1平均分别增加14.74%和59.95%，氮肥表观利用率平均抬升14.15个百分点；0-40 cm土壤容重降低8.54%。深松耕作方式下，与T2比，T3的成熟期植株干物质积累量、全氮积累量平均分别提高9.41%，6.28%，夏玉米平均增产9.70%，氮肥生产效率和农学效率分别增加8.59%和32.32%，氮肥表观利用率抬升14.10个百分点。与T1比，2种深松施肥方式T2和T3均显著降低土壤容重，提高夏玉米产量，促进氮肥利用。控释氮肥与深松两肥异位分层施肥（T3）相结合的方式能够更加有效地降低土壤容重，提高作物产量和氮素利用效率，是黄淮海平原区夏玉米生产中值得推荐的一种新型耕作施肥方式。

Abstract

Reasonable tillage and fertilization methods are important measures to achieve the high yield and high efficiency of crops. The research work was conducted to explore the effects of different tillage and fertilization methods on nitrogen (N) utilization

yield and soil bulk density of summer maize. In 2016-2017

three treatments of tillage and fertilization were designed

including T1 (no-tillage + upper application of NPK)

T2 (subsoiling + whole layer application of NPK) and T3 (application of N

K fertilizers to designated different soil depth with subsoiling). Compared with T1

the dry matter accumulation and total N accumulation of T2 and T3 at the mature stage increased by 9.68% and 13.97%

respectively

and the average yield of summer maize enhanced by 17.20%. Compared with T1

the N production efficiency and agronomic efficiency of T2 and T3 improved by 14.74% and 59.95%

respectively

and the apparent N utilization efficiency increased by 14.15% on average

while the soil bulk density of 0-40 cm decreased by 8.54%. Under the deep pine cultivation method

compared with T2

the dry matter and total N accumulation of T3 at the mature stage increased by 9.41% and 6.28%

respectively

and the average grain yield raised by 9.70%

the N production and agronomic efficiency of T3 increased by 8.59% and 32.32%

respectively

and the apparent N utilization efficiency increased by 14.10%. Compared with T1

T2 and T3 increased the yield of summer maize and the utilization of N fertilizer and significantly reduced soil bulk density. The combination of controlled release N fertilizer and deep pine with two-fertilizer ectopic stratified fertilization (T3) could more effectively reduce soil bulk density

increase grain yield and N use efficiency. It is a new type of tillage and fertilization method recommended of summer maize production in the Huanghuaihai Plain.

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