不同培肥措施下复垦土壤氮素转化特征

焦欢; 李廷亮; 高继伟; 李彦; 何冰; 李顺

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2019.04.021

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不同培肥措施下复垦土壤氮素转化特征

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 不同培肥措施下复垦土壤氮素转化特征
- Nitrogen Transformation Characteristics of Reclaimed Soil Under Different Fertilizer Application Measures
- 水土保持学报 2019年33卷第4期页码：147-153
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 山西农业大学资源环境学院, 山西太谷,030801
  2. 山西农业大学农业资源与环境国家级实验教学示范中心, 山西太谷,030801
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "焦欢(1994-),女,山西运城人,硕士研究生,主要从事土壤肥力与环境研究。E-mail:m18235477152@163.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金项目（41401342）
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2019.04.021
  中图分类号： S153.6
- 纸质出版：2019
- 稿件说明：
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焦欢, 李廷亮, 高继伟, 等. 不同培肥措施下复垦土壤氮素转化特征[J]. 水土保持学报, 2019,33(4):147-153.

JIAO Huan, LI Tingliang, GAO Jiwei, et al. Nitrogen Transformation Characteristics of Reclaimed Soil Under Different Fertilizer Application Measures[J]. 2019, 33(4): 147-153.
焦欢, 李廷亮, 高继伟, 等. 不同培肥措施下复垦土壤氮素转化特征[J]. 水土保持学报, 2019,33(4):147-153. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2019.04.021.

JIAO Huan, LI Tingliang, GAO Jiwei, et al. Nitrogen Transformation Characteristics of Reclaimed Soil Under Different Fertilizer Application Measures[J]. 2019, 33(4): 147-153. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2019.04.021.

摘要

为揭示不同复垦年限和培肥措施对采煤塌陷区复垦土壤氮素转化特征影响，分别采用间歇淋洗好气培养法、室内恒温控湿好气培养法和硝酸盐消失法研究了5种培肥措施下复垦4，8年土壤矿化、硝化、反硝化作用规律。结果表明：随复垦年限增加，土壤的矿化量（Nt）和矿化势（N0）均有增加，但土壤矿化率（Nt/N）及矿化势占全氮的比例（N0/N）无明显变化；不同培肥措施下，复垦8年土壤生物有机肥配施化肥处理（MCFB）Nt、N0、Nt/N和N0/N分别较单施化肥处理（CF）提高65.22%，65.21%，60.42%和60.76%。土壤硝化率和达到最大硝化速率需要的时间（Tmax）受复垦年限影响较小，不同施肥措施均可提高土壤硝化率，但处理间差异不显著；最大硝化速率（Vmax）随复垦年限增加而增大，复垦4，8年土壤Vmax和Tmax总体以MCFB效果优于其他培肥处理。土壤硝态氮损失率和硝酸盐消失速率随复垦年限的增加而增加，经过7天培养，不同培肥措施下复垦4年土壤硝态氮损失率以单施有机肥处理（M）最高，达78.72%，硝酸盐消失速率以MCFB处理最低，与不施肥对照（CK）一致；复垦8年土壤反硝化作用在不同处理下无显著差异。通过短期氮素转化作用强度比较，复垦土壤硝化作用>反硝化作用>矿化作用。综合来看，培肥对复垦土壤氮素转化作用提升效果明显，生物有机肥配施化肥更有利于土壤有效氮的保持和提高，减少氮素损失。

Abstract

In order to reveal the effects of different reclamation years and fertilization measures on nitrogen transformation characteristics of reclaimed soils in coal mining subsidence areas

intermittent leaching and aerobic culture method

laboratory aerobic incubation method with constant temperature and controlled humidity

and nitrate loss method were used to study the regularities of soil mineralization

nitrification and denitrification in reclaimed soil for four years and eight years

respectively

under five fertilization measures. The results showed that as the increasing of reclamation years

both cumulative mineralized nitrogen (Nt) and potentially mineralizable nitrogen (N0) increased

while mineralization rate (Nt/N) and the proportion of N0 to total N (N0/N) did not change significantly. Under different fertilization measures

the Nt

Nt/N and N0/N of eight years reclaimed soil in MCFB treatment (application chemical fertilizer combined with biological organic fertilizer) increased by 65.22%

65.21%

60.42% and 60.76%

respectively

compared with chemical fertilizer treatment (CF). The soil nitrification rate and the time needed to reach the maximum nitrification rate (Tmax) were less affected by reclamation years

and nitrification rates of different fertilization treatments were all higher than that of CK treatment

but there was no significant difference between treatments. The maximum nitrification rate (Vmax) increased with the increasing of reclamation years. Treatments of MCFB could improve Vmax and Tmax more effectively than other treatments in soils reclaimed for four and eight years. Nitrate loss and nitrate disappearance rate increased with the increasing of reclaimation years. After seven days of cultivation

in the reclaimed soil for four years

the nitrate loss was the highest in organic manure treatment(M)

reaching 78.72%

and the nitrate disappearance rate was the lowest in MCFB treatment

which was consistent with CK. There was no significant difference in soil nitrogen denitrification among different treatments for soil reclaimed for eight years. The sequence of short-term nitrogen transformation intensity was nitrification>denitrification>mineralization. On the whole

fertilization had obvious improvement effect on nitrogen transformation characteristics in reclaimed soil

and chemical fertilizer combined with biological organic fertilizer was more conducive to the maintenance and improvement of soil available nitrogen and reduce nitrogen loss.

关键词

Keywords

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