1. 延安职业技术学院,陕西,延安,716000
2. 中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室, 陕西 杨凌,712100
[ "郭军权(1977-),男,陕西西安人,硕士研究生,副教授,主要从事水土保持、环境生态研究。E-mail:gjqlt88@163.com" ]
纸质出版:2019
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郭军权, 王文龙. 坡度对浅沟侵蚀产沙的野外放水冲刷试验影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2019,33(4):87-92.
GUO Junquan, WANG Wenlong. Experimental Study on the Effects of Field Scouring Slope on Ephemeral Gully Erosion and Sediment Yield[J]. 2019, 33(4): 87-92.
郭军权, 王文龙. 坡度对浅沟侵蚀产沙的野外放水冲刷试验影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2019,33(4):87-92. DOI: 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2019.04.013.
GUO Junquan, WANG Wenlong. Experimental Study on the Effects of Field Scouring Slope on Ephemeral Gully Erosion and Sediment Yield[J]. 2019, 33(4): 87-92. DOI: 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2019.04.013.
为了研究坡度对坡面浅沟侵蚀产沙的影响,以黄土丘陵沟壑区坡面浅沟为研究对象,选取野外实地坡面14.0°,18.5°,26.0°,29.0°坡度和5,10,15,20,25 L/min放水流量进行典型野外坡面浅沟径流小区放水冲刷试验,研究坡度对浅沟径流率、产沙率、含沙量、总径流量、总产沙量的影响。结果表明:5,10,15,20,25 L/min不同放水流量下,坡度与径流率、总径流量成正相关,既随着坡度增大径流率、总径流量增大;5,10,15,20,25 L/min不同放水流量和14.0°,18.5°,26.0°,29.0°坡度下产沙率、含沙量和总产沙量随时间变化的规律一致,表现为试验时间内,均出现先增大—到达最大—波动减小—稳定趋势;产沙率、含沙量、总产沙量与坡度的关系表现为产沙率、含沙量、总产沙量随着坡度的增大先增大,达到最大值后减小,最大值出现在26.0°,26.0°的产沙率、含沙量和总产沙量分别为14.0°的1.06~2.87,1.31~2.21,1.08~2.77倍,产沙率、含沙量、总产沙量均存在临界坡度,临界坡度范围为18.5°~29.0°。
In order to study the effects of slope gradient on sediment yield by ephemeral gully erosion on slope surface
taking the ephemeral gullies on the hilly and gully slopes of the Loess Plateau as the research object
four slope gradients including 14.0°
18.5°
26.0° and 29.0°
and five discharge flows of 5
10
15
20
25 L/min
were selected to study the effects of slope gradients on runoff rate
sediment yield rate
sediment concentration and total runoff and total sediment yield. The results showed that the slope gradients were positively correlated with runoff rate and total runoff at 5
10
15
20
25 L/min
and the runoff rate and total runoff increased with the increase of slope. Under the different discharge flows and gradients
the sediment yield rate
sediment concentration and total sediment yield had the same trend over time:increasing first-reaching maximum-decreasing fluctuatingly-stabilizing finally. The relationship between sediment yield rate
sediment concentration
total sediment yield and slope gradient:sediment yield rate
sediment concentration and total sediment yield increased first and then decreased with the increasing slope gradients
and the maximum value appeared at 26.0°. The sediment yield rate
sediment concentration and total sediment yield at 26.0° were 1.06~2.87 times
1.31~2.21 times and 1.08~2.77 times of those at 14.0°
respectively. There were critical gradients for sediment yield rate
sediment concentration and total sediment yield
which ranged from 18.5° to 29.0°.
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徐锡蒙,郑粉莉,武敏.雨强和坡度对黄土陡坡地浅沟形态特征影响的定量研究[J].农业工程学报,2017,33(11):124-132.
龚家国,王文龙,郭军权.黄土丘陵沟壑区浅沟水流水动力学参数实验研究[J].中国水土保持科学,2008,6(1):93-100.
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郭军权,刘敏,王文龙.上方来水对浅沟侵蚀产沙的野外放水冲刷试验研究[J].水土保持学报,2012,26(3):49-52.
车小力,王文龙,郭军权,等.上方来水来沙对浅沟侵蚀产沙及水动力参数的影响[J].中国水土保持科学,2011,9(3):26-31.
邓利强,王文龙,郭军权,等.黄土丘陵区耕作对浅沟侵蚀影响的对比研究[J].水土保持学报,2013,27(5):32-36.
张天宇.垄作耕地浅沟深度的测量和换算[J].中国水土保持科学,2016,14(5):138-144.
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