嵌套砾石红壤坡面壤中流对降雨强度的响应

王蕙; 卢德宝; 徐铭泽

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2019.03.001

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

嵌套砾石红壤坡面壤中流对降雨强度的响应

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 嵌套砾石红壤坡面壤中流对降雨强度的响应
- Response of Subsurface Flow to Rainfall Intensity in the Red Soil Slope with Embedded Gravel
- 水土保持学报 2019年33卷第3期页码：1-7
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 浙江水利水电学院水利与环境工程学院,杭州,310018
  2. 江西省水土保持科学研究院,南昌,330029
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "王蕙(1979-),女,汉族,讲师,博士,主要从事水土保持与生态水文研究。E-mail:wanghui@zjweu.edu.cn" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金项目（41701312）浙江省自然科学基金项目（LQ16D010004）浙江省教育厅科研项目（Y201534649）
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2019.03.001
  中图分类号：
- 纸质出版：2019
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
王蕙, 卢德宝, 徐铭泽. 嵌套砾石红壤坡面壤中流对降雨强度的响应[J]. 水土保持学报, 2019,33(3):1-7.

WANG Hui, LU Debao, XU Mingze. Response of Subsurface Flow to Rainfall Intensity in the Red Soil Slope with Embedded Gravel[J]. 2019, 33(3): 1-7.
王蕙, 卢德宝, 徐铭泽. 嵌套砾石红壤坡面壤中流对降雨强度的响应[J]. 水土保持学报, 2019,33(3):1-7. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2019.03.001.

WANG Hui, LU Debao, XU Mingze. Response of Subsurface Flow to Rainfall Intensity in the Red Soil Slope with Embedded Gravel[J]. 2019, 33(3): 1-7. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2019.03.001.

摘要

为研究嵌套砾石红壤坡面的壤中流动态过程及降雨产流分配，以红壤缓坡（10°）和陡坡（25°）坡面为研究对象，采用室内人工模拟降雨的方法研究不同降雨强度（60，90，120 mm/h）和不同砾石含量（0，10%，20%，30%）条件下壤中流的初始产流时间、产流速率和径流过程。结果表明：（1）不同含量砾石嵌套红壤坡面壤中流初始产流时间在雨强60 mm/h时接近15 min，在雨强90，120 mm/h时差别较大）雨强从60 mm/h增大到120 mm/h，不同含量砾石嵌套红壤坡面壤中流量和产流速率基本上表现为降低，其中25°嵌套20%和30%砾石坡面的壤中流产流速率均值分别下降86.7%和89.0%，雨强120 mm/h时壤中流峰值仅为60 mm/h条件下的10.7%和10.2%。（2）10°和25°各试验坡面，雨强60 mm/h时地表径流所占比例为8.0%~66.3%，雨强120 mm/h时地表径流所占比例为76.1%~93.5%，地表径流所占比例均随雨强的增大而提高32.8%~1 009.4%）雨强60 mm/h时壤中流所占比例为7.3%~30.0%，雨强120 mm/h时壤中流所占比例为1.1%~9.6%，壤中流所占比例随雨强增大而减小46.1%~93.9%。（3）回归结果显示，壤中流峰值流量Ip、壤中流系数It、壤中流消退速率K和降雨强度、砾石含量的二元线性回归效果都达到了显著水平（P<0.05））坡度10°时，降雨强度和砾石含量对壤中流过程参数所起的作用是相反的，而坡度25°时，砾石含量和降雨强度对壤中流各参数的作用相同。

Abstract

In order to understand the impact of rainfall intensity on runoff distribution and subsurface flow process in the red soil slope with embedded gravel

the artificial simulated rainfall method was used to determine the subsurface flow characteristics of generation time

runoff rate and runoff process. The red soil gentle slope (10°) and steep slope (25°) were taken as research objects with different gravel contents (0

10%

20%

30%) and rainfall intensities (60

120 mm/h). The results indicated that:(1) The runoff generation time of red soil slope with different contents of embedded gravel was close 15 min under 60 mm/h rainfall intensity

and varied greatly under 90 mm/h and 120 mm/h. The increase of rainfall intensities from 60 mm/h to 120 mm/h

the runoff quantity and runoff rates decreased with varying degrees

and the runoff rates in red soil embedded gravel with 20% and 30% at slope gradient 25° deceased 86.7% and 89.0% respectively. When the rainfall intensity was 120 mm/h

the peak values of subsurface flow were only 10.7% and 10.2% respectively of the 60 mm/h. (2) The proportions of surface runoff increased 32.8%~1 009.4% with the increasing rainfall intensities on the experimental slopes of 10° and 25°. The proportions of surface runoff were 8.0%~66.3% under rainfall intensity 60 mm/h

76.1%~93.5% under 120 mm/h. The proportions of subsurface flow decreased 46.1%~93.9% with the increasing rainfall intensities. The proportions of subsurface flow were 7.3%~30.0% under 60 mm/h rainfall intensity

1.1%~9.6% under 120 mm/h. (3) The binary linear regression results showed all the relationships of peak flow of subsurface flow (Ip)

coefficient of subsurface flow (It)

subsidence rate of subsurface flow (K) with rainfall intensity and gravel content reached the significant levels (P<0.05). Rainfall intensity and gravel content played the opposite roles in the subsurface flow process at slope gradient 10°

while both roles were same at 25°.

关键词

Keywords

references

雷志栋,胡和平,杨诗秀.土壤水研究进展与评述[J].水科学进展,1999,10(3):311-318.

Ma D, Shao M. Simulating infiltration into stony soils with a dual-porosity model[J]. European Journal of Soil Science, 2008, 59(5):950-959.

符素华,段淑怀,刘宝元.密云石匣小流域土地利用对土壤粗化的影响[J].地理研究,2001,20(6):697-702.

李燕,高明,魏朝富.土壤砾石的分布及其对水文过程的影响[J].中国农学通报,2006,6(5):271-276.

Xiao Y L. Gravel-sand mulch for soil and water conservation in the semiarid loess region of northwest China[J]. Catena, 2003, 52:105-127.

陈士辉,谢忠奎,王亚军,等.砂田西瓜不同粒径砂砾石覆盖的水分效应研究[J].中国沙漠,2005,25(30):433-436.

Cerda A. Effects of rock fragment cover on soil infiltration, interrill runoff and erosion[J]. European Journal of Soil Science, 2001, 52:59-68.

Diaz F, Jimenez C C, Tejedor M. Influence of the thickness and grain size of tephra mulch on soil water evaporation[J]. Agricultural Water Management, 2005, 74(1):47-55.

关红杰,冯浩,吴普特.土壤砂砾覆盖对入渗和蒸发影响研究进展[J].中国农学通报,2008,24(12):289-293.

梁洪儒,余新晓,樊登星,等.砾石覆盖对坡面产流产沙的影响[J].水土保持学报,2014,28(3):57-61.

史倩华,王文龙,郭明明,等.模拟降雨条件下含砾石红壤工程堆积体产流产沙过程[J].应用生态学报,2015,26(9):2673-2680.

Poesen J, Luna E D, Franca A, et al. Concentrated flow erosion rates as affected by rock fragment cover and initial soil moisture content[J]. Catena, 1999, 36:315-329.

时忠杰,王彦辉,熊伟,等.六盘山典型植被类型土壤中石砾对大孔隙形成的影响[J].山地学报,2007,25(5):541-547.

戴翠婷,刘窑军,王天巍,等.三峡库区高砾石含量紫色土优先流形态特征[J].水土保持学报,2017,31(1):103-108.

吴冰,朱元骏,邵明安.含砾石土壤坡面流速及产流产沙过程研究[J].中国水土保持科学,2011,9(1):99-103.

张洪江,何凡,史玉虎,等.长江三峡花岗岩坡面管流在壤中流中的作用[J].中国水土保持科学,2005,3(1):38-42.

Zheng F L, Huang C H, Norton L D. Effects of near-surface hydraulic gradients on nitrate and phosphorus losses in surface runoff[J]. Journal of Environmental Quality, 2004, 33(6):2174-2182.

尹忠东,左长清,高国雄,等.江西红壤缓坡地壤中流影响因素分析[J].西北林学院学报,2006,21(5):1-6.

徐勤学,涂安国,莫明浩,等.自然降雨事件下红壤坡地壤中流产流过程特征分析[J].水科学进展,2015,26(4):526-534.

付智勇,李朝霞,蔡崇法,等.不同起始条件下坡面薄层紫色土水分和壤中流响应[J].水利学报,2011,42(8):899-907.

丁文峰,张平仓.紫色土坡面壤中流养分输出特征[J].水土保持学报,2009,23(4):15-19.

王小燕.紫色土碎石分布及其对坡面土壤侵蚀的影响[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2012.

Wilson G V, Cullum R F, Romkens M J M. Ephemeral gully erosion by preferential flow through a discontinuous soil-pipe[J]. Catena, 2008, 73:98-106.

段剑,刘窑军,汤崇军,等.不同下垫面红壤坡地壤中流对自然降雨的响应[J].水利学报,2017,48(8):977-983.

徐铭泽,杨洁,刘窑军,等.不同母质红壤坡面产流产沙特征比较[J].水土保持学报,2018,32(2):34-39.

李燕,刘吉振,魏朝富,等.砾石对土壤水分入渗(扩散)的影响研究[J].土壤学报,2011,48(2):435-439.

耿晓东,郑粉莉,刘力.降雨强度和坡度双因子对紫色土坡面侵蚀产沙的影响[J].泥沙研究,2010(6):48-53.

付兴涛,张丽萍.红壤丘陵区坡长对作物覆盖坡耕地土壤侵蚀的影响[J].农业工程学报,2014,30(5):91-98.

邓龙洲,张丽萍,邬燕红,等.侵蚀性风化花岗岩坡地降雨产流及水文过程研究[J].水土保持学报,2018,32(2):67-73.

陈洪松,邵明安.黄土区坡地土壤水分运动与转化机理研究进展[J].水科学进展,2003,14(4):513-520.

曹建生,张万军,刘昌明,等.石子和秸秆覆盖条件下降雨水量转化特征试验研究[J].水利学报,2007,38(3):378-382.

Heppell C M, Chapman A S, Bidwell V J, et al. A packed lysimeter experiment to investigate the effect of surface sealing on hydrology and pesticide loss from a heavy clay soil.1.Hydrological characteristics[J]. Soil Use and Management, 2004, 20:384-393.

王小燕,李朝霞,徐勤学,等.砾石覆盖对土壤水蚀过程影响的研究进展[J].中国水土保持科学,2011,9(1):115-120.

贾海燕,雷阿林,雷俊山,等.紫色土地区水文特征对硝态氮流失的影响研究[J].环境科学学报,2006,26(10):1658-1664.

Kienzler P M, Naef F. Temporal variability of subsurface storm flow formation[J]. Hydrology and Earth System Sciences, 2007, 4(4):257-265.

李馨欣,王小燕,蔡崇法,等.紫色土水分和壤中流对降雨强度的响应[J].水土保持学报,2017,31(5):25-31.

徐勤学,王天巍,李朝霞,等.紫色土坡地壤中流特征[J].水科学进展,2010,21(2):229-234.

付智勇,李朝霞,蔡崇法,等.三峡库区不同厚度紫色土坡耕地产流机制分析[J].水科学进展,2011,22(5):680-688.

浏览量

1575

下载量

CSCD

文章被引用时，请邮件提醒。

提交

工具集

关联资源

紫色土水分和壤中流对降雨强度的响应

红壤丘陵区植被恢复对土壤分离能力的影响及机制

喀斯特区工程堆积体坡面产流特征对降雨强度的响应

黄土坡面细沟侵蚀形态特征及横断面分异性

雨强与水土保持措施对西南植烟红壤Cu、Mo和Zn流失的影响