不同配方生物炭改良盐渍土对小白菜和棉花生长及光合作用的影响

李思平; 曾路生; 李旭霖; 柳新伟; 宋祥云; 王英平; 崔德杰

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2019.02.055

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不同配方生物炭改良盐渍土对小白菜和棉花生长及光合作用的影响

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 不同配方生物炭改良盐渍土对小白菜和棉花生长及光合作用的影响
- Amelioration of Saline Soil with Different Biochar Fertilization Formulas and Its Effects on Growth and Photosynthesis of
- 水土保持学报 2019年33卷第2期页码：363-368
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 青岛农业大学资源与环境学院,山东,青岛,266109
  2. 山东黄岛出入境检验检疫局,山东,青岛,266555
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "李思平(1996-),男,在读硕士研究生,主要从事农业资源与环境研究。E-mail:lisiping911@163.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  山东省重点研发计划项目（2016CYJS05A01，2017CXGC0303）山东省现代农业产业体系棉花岗位创新团队项目（SDAIT-03-06）
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2019.02.055
  中图分类号：
- 纸质出版：2019
- 稿件说明：
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李思平, 曾路生, 李旭霖, 等. 不同配方生物炭改良盐渍土对小白菜和棉花生长及光合作用的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2019,33(2):363-368.

LI Siping, ZENG Lusheng, LI Xulin, et al. Amelioration of Saline Soil with Different Biochar Fertilization Formulas and Its Effects on Growth and Photosynthesis of[J]. 2019, 33(2): 363-368.
李思平, 曾路生, 李旭霖, 等. 不同配方生物炭改良盐渍土对小白菜和棉花生长及光合作用的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2019,33(2):363-368. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2019.02.055.

LI Siping, ZENG Lusheng, LI Xulin, et al. Amelioration of Saline Soil with Different Biochar Fertilization Formulas and Its Effects on Growth and Photosynthesis of[J]. 2019, 33(2): 363-368. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2019.02.055.

摘要

针对盐渍土壤理化性质差、肥料利用率低和作物长势弱的问题，利用不同配方生物炭进行土壤改良。采用盆栽试验的方法，以小白菜和棉花为研究对象，设置5个不同的处理：不施肥（对照CK0）、常规施肥（CK）、常规施肥+生物炭（C1）、常规施肥+生物炭+硝化抑制剂（C2）和常规施肥+生物炭+硫酸钙（C3），研究不同配方的生物炭处理对小白菜和棉花生长及光合作用的影响。结果表明，与常规施肥比较，C3处理效果更明显。小白菜的株高和株重分别增加32.7%和112.0%，叶绿素含量与净光合速率分别提高45.5%与32.9%；胞间CO2浓度和蒸腾速率分别下降15.0%和59.2%。光谱分析表明，C3处理反射率更高，叶片组织更完好。与CK比较，生物炭处理同样促进棉花生长，显著提高叶绿素含量，降低叶片中丙二醛含量和过氧化氢酶活性，增强抗逆性，减少棉花损伤。同时，降低了棉花叶片中胞间CO2浓度，提高水分利用率。土壤分析表明，生物炭配施改良剂能显著改善土壤理化性质，与常规施肥相比，C2处理的土壤有机质、速效磷和碱解氮含量分别提高57.3%，22.9%和40.8%，而对土壤速效钾和pH影响较小，C3处理对土壤电导率有较大提高。因此，实践中在改良盐渍土壤时，需注意改良剂的合理施用，防止土壤盐分的进一步积累。

Abstract

Aiming at the poor physicochemical properties

the low fertilizer use efficiency and the weak crop growth in saline soils

a saline soil was ameliorated with different biochar fertilizers in this study. Brassica chinensis and cotton were used as research materials in this pot experiment. Five different treatments were conducted

i.e.

non-fertilized control group (CK0)

conventional fertilization (CK)

conventional fertilization+biochar (C1)

conventional fertilization + biochar + nitrification inhibitor (C2)

conventional fertilization + biochar + Calcium sulphate (C3). The growth and photosynthesis of Brassica chinensis and cotton were measured. The results showed that C3 treatment was more effective in crop growth than that of CK. The plant height and weight of Brassica chinensis were increased by 32.7% and 112.0%

respectively

and the chlorophyll content and net photosynthetic rate were increased by 45.5% and 32.9%

respectively. The intercellular CO2 concentration and transpiration rate were decreased by 15.0% and 59.2%

respectively. Spectral analysis indicated that the C3 treatment had higher reflectance and better leaf tissue. The experimental results also indicated that

compared to CK

biochar treatments promoted cotton growth

expressed as increase in chlorophyll content significantly

decreasing malon dialdehyde content and catalase activity in leaves

leading to the enhanced stress resistance and the reduced plant damage. At the same time

the intercellular CO2 concentration in cotton leaves was reduced

and the water use efficiency was improved. Soil analysis suggested that the application of biochar significantly improved the physical and chemical properties of soil. Compared with CK

the organic matter content

available phosphorus content and alkali nitrogen content in C2 treated soil were increased by 57.3%

22.9% and 40.8%

respectively. However

the influence on soil available potassium content and pH value was not obviously

and C3 treatment had an obvious increase in soil electrical conductivity. Therefore

when ameliorating the saline soil

it is necessary to pay attention to the reasonable application amount of the modifiers to prevent further accumulation of soil salinity.

关键词

Keywords

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