牡蛎壳作生物滞留填料对城市地表径流污染物去除效果研究

王志强; 谢文霞; 柴娜; 李萍

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2019.02.021

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牡蛎壳作生物滞留填料对城市地表径流污染物去除效果研究

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 牡蛎壳作生物滞留填料对城市地表径流污染物去除效果研究
- Effects of Bioretention with Oyster Shell as Filler on Pollutants Removal from Urban Surface Runoff
- 水土保持学报 2019年33卷第2期页码：128-133
- 作者机构：
  
  青岛大学环境科学与工程学院,山东,青岛,266071
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "王志强(1994-),男,硕士研究生,主要从事土水污染控制研究。E-mail:wangzqwy@163.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金项目（41406089）青岛市博士后基础研究项目（2016016）
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2019.02.021
  中图分类号：
- 纸质出版：2019
- 稿件说明：
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王志强, 谢文霞, 柴娜, 等. 牡蛎壳作生物滞留填料对城市地表径流污染物去除效果研究[J]. 水土保持学报, 2019,33(2):128-133.

WANG Zhiqiang, XIE Wenxia, CHAI Na, et al. Effects of Bioretention with Oyster Shell as Filler on Pollutants Removal from Urban Surface Runoff[J]. 2019, 33(2): 128-133.
王志强, 谢文霞, 柴娜, 等. 牡蛎壳作生物滞留填料对城市地表径流污染物去除效果研究[J]. 水土保持学报, 2019,33(2):128-133. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2019.02.021.

WANG Zhiqiang, XIE Wenxia, CHAI Na, et al. Effects of Bioretention with Oyster Shell as Filler on Pollutants Removal from Urban Surface Runoff[J]. 2019, 33(2): 128-133. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2019.02.021.

摘要

选择磷吸附性能最强的牡蛎壳作为填料，在实验室构建3个生物滞留模拟装置（A柱：养殖牡蛎壳；B柱：海滩牡蛎壳；C柱：养殖牡蛎壳存在淹没区），采用道路径流模拟配水作为进水，研究牡蛎壳作为填料对青岛市城市径流常见污染物氮磷及COD的处理效果，并对各污染物去除机理进行探讨。结果表明：3种牡蛎壳填料的生物滞留设施对总磷的去除效果最好，在进水磷浓度为0.57~1.83 mg/L条件下，无淹没区装置平均去除率为96.12%，存在淹没区的装置平均去除率为91.02%。养殖牡蛎壳与海滩牡蛎壳对磷的去除效果并无明显差异，淹没区不利于磷的去除。在前期进水过程中（前5次进水）3个模拟装置氨氮（NH4+）的出水浓度高于进水浓度，延长落干期后，装置的NH4+去除率均上升，B柱NH4+平均去除率（58.83%）相对于A柱（48.77%）及C柱（53.06%）更高，有无淹没区对NH4+去除并无明显影响。由于填料中有机物的渗沥，首次进水出现严重COD淋出，在随后的进水过程中，COD去除效果迅速上升并稳定，3个模拟柱去除率分别为50.34%，23.47%和47.75%。由于反硝化作用受阻，对硝氮（NO3-）的去除效果不佳。整体看来，养殖牡蛎壳可以应用于青岛市生物滞留设施的填料，为加强滞留设施NO3-的去除效果，还需要采用强化脱氮措施。

Abstract

Selecting oyster shells with the best adsorption performance of phosphorus as the fillers

and three bio-retention simulation devices (column A:aquaculture oyster shell; column B:beach oyster shell; column C:aquaculture oyster shell with submergence area) were constructed in the laboratory. The effects of oyster shell as fillers on the removal of nitrogen

phosphorus and COD

which were common pollutants in urban runoff in Qingdao

were studied by using road runoff simulation as inflow

and the removal mechanism of pollutants was discussed. The results showed that the removal efficiency of total phosphorus was the best in three kinds of biological detention devices filled with oyster shell. Under the condition of influent phosphorus concentration of 0.57~1.83 mg/L

the average removal rates of the unsubmerged area and the submerged area were 96.12% and 91.02%

respectively. There was no significant difference in the phosphorus removal efficiency between aquaculture oyster shell and beach oyster shell

and the submergence area was not conducive to phosphorus removal. The effluent concentration of ammonia nitrogen (NH4+) in the three simulation devices was higher than the influent concentration in the first five influents. Whereas

after extending the drying period

the NH4+ removal rate of the devices all increased

and the average NH4+ removal rate of B column (58.83%) was greater than that of A column (48.77%) and C column (53.06%)

and the submergence area had no obvious effect on NH4+ removal. Due to the leachate of organic matter in the filler

serious COD leaching occurred in the first influent. However

the removal efficiency of COD increased rapidly and stabilized in the subsequent influent process

and the removal rates of three columns were 50.34%

23.47% and 47.75%

respectively. Because of the inhibition of denitrification

the removal efficiency of nitrate nitrogen (NO3-) was not good. Overall

the oyster shell could be used as filler in Qingdao biological detention facilities. In order to enhance the removal efficiency of NO3 - in the detention facilities

it was necessary to adopt intensified nitrogen removal measures.

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