不同土壤容重条件下水分亏缺对作物生长和水分利用的影响

刘战东; 张凯; 米兆荣; 秦安振; 黄超; 马岩川; 余轩; 孙景生; 黄世清; 李长有; 张景忙

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2019.02.019

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不同土壤容重条件下水分亏缺对作物生长和水分利用的影响

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 不同土壤容重条件下水分亏缺对作物生长和水分利用的影响
- Effects of Water Deficit on Crop Growth and Water Use Under Different Soil Bulk Densities
- 水土保持学报 2019年33卷第2期页码：115-120
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所农业部作物需水与调控重点开放实验室,河南,新乡,453002
  2. 河南科技学院,河南,新乡,453002
  3. 河南省焦作市广利灌区管理局, 河南沁阳,454550
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "刘战东(1981-),男,博士,副研究员,主要从事作物生理与水分高效利用研究。E-mail:Lzddragon@163.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  公益性行业（农业）科研专项（201503117）国家自然科学基金项目（51309226）中国农业科学院基本科研业务费专项（FIRI2016-03）
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2019.02.019
  中图分类号：
- 纸质出版：2019
- 稿件说明：
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刘战东, 张凯, 米兆荣, 等. 不同土壤容重条件下水分亏缺对作物生长和水分利用的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2019,33(2):115-120.

LIU Zhandong, ZHANG Kai, MI Zhaorong, et al. Effects of Water Deficit on Crop Growth and Water Use Under Different Soil Bulk Densities[J]. 2019, 33(2): 115-120.
刘战东, 张凯, 米兆荣, 等. 不同土壤容重条件下水分亏缺对作物生长和水分利用的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2019,33(2):115-120. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2019.02.019.

LIU Zhandong, ZHANG Kai, MI Zhaorong, et al. Effects of Water Deficit on Crop Growth and Water Use Under Different Soil Bulk Densities[J]. 2019, 33(2): 115-120. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2019.02.019.

摘要

为探究不同土壤容重和不同程度水分亏缺条件下冬小麦-夏玉米生长指标及产量的变化。采用桶栽土培法，分别设置3种土壤容重（1.2，1.4，1.6 g/cm3）和3个土壤水分控制下限（低水分50%田间持水量、中水分60%田间持水量和高水分70%田间持水量），研究不同土壤容重和水分亏缺对冬小麦-夏玉米根系、生长指标、耗水量、产量和水分利用的影响。结果表明：随水分亏缺程度的加剧，冬小麦和夏玉米生长指标、生物量、耗水量和产量均呈降低趋势。随土壤容重增加，冬小麦生物量和产量呈先升高再降低的趋势，冬小麦耗水量和水分利用效率呈降低趋势；而夏玉米产量、耗水量和水分利用效率均呈降低趋势。试验中，1.4，1.2 g/cm3分别为冬小麦和夏玉米生长的最适土壤容重。土壤容重与水分处理互作对夏玉米株高、耗水量和水分利用效率有极显著影响，而对冬小麦和夏玉米生物量及产量无显著影响。研究结果可为黄淮海地区作物绿色增产增效及水土资源高效利用提供理论参考。

Abstract

In order to study the changes of growth index and yield of winter wheat and summer maize under different soil bulk densities and different degrees of water deficit

a bucket-planting experiment was conducted. Three soil bulk densities were set up:1.2 g/cm3

1.4 g/cm3

1.6 g/cm3

and three lower limits of soil moisture control:50%

60% and 70% of field water-holding capacity

respectively. The root system

growth index

water consumption

yields and water use of winter wheat-summer maize were studied. The results showed that with the increases of water deficit

the growth index

biomass

water consumption and yield of winter wheat and summer maize decreased. With the increases of soil bulk densities

the biomass and yield of winter wheat increased first and then decreased

and the water consumption and water use efficiency of winter wheat decreased; the yield

water consumption and water use efficiency of summer maize decreased. In the experiment

1.4 g/cm3 and 1.2 g/cm3 were the optimum soil bulk densities for winter wheat and summer maize

respectively. The interaction between soil bulk density and water treatment had a significant effect on plant height

water consumption and water use efficiency of summer maize

but there was no significant effect on biomass and yield of winter wheat and summer maize. These results could provide a theoretical reference for increasing yield and increasing efficiency of crops and efficient utilization of soil and water resources in Huanghuai area.

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