新型耕作施肥方式下夏玉米田土壤水分分布和磷素利用研究

马阳; 吴敏; 郭献彬; 王亚玲; 李鸿池; 王艳群; 彭正萍; 郭丽果

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2019.02.016

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新型耕作施肥方式下夏玉米田土壤水分分布和磷素利用研究

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 新型耕作施肥方式下夏玉米田土壤水分分布和磷素利用研究
- Soil Water Distribution and Phosphorus Utilization in Summer Maize Field Under New Tillage and Fertilization Method
- 水土保持学报 2019年33卷第2期页码：98-102
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 河北农业大学资源与环境科学学院,河北,保定,071000
  2. 宁晋县农业局, 河北宁晋,055550
  3. 河北农业大学科学技术研究院,河北,保定,071000
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "马阳(1993-),男,博士研究生,主要从事土壤养分化学与调控研究。E-mail:63999319@qq.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家重点研发计划项目"黄淮海北部小麦-玉米农田耕层调理与土壤肥力提高关键技术"（2017YFD0300905）
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2019.02.016
  中图分类号：
- 纸质出版：2019
- 稿件说明：
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马阳, 吴敏, 郭献彬, 等. 新型耕作施肥方式下夏玉米田土壤水分分布和磷素利用研究[J]. 水土保持学报, 2019,33(2):98-102.

MA Yang, WU Min, GUO Xianbin, et al. Soil Water Distribution and Phosphorus Utilization in Summer Maize Field Under New Tillage and Fertilization Method[J]. 2019, 33(2): 98-102.
马阳, 吴敏, 郭献彬, 等. 新型耕作施肥方式下夏玉米田土壤水分分布和磷素利用研究[J]. 水土保持学报, 2019,33(2):98-102. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2019.02.016.

MA Yang, WU Min, GUO Xianbin, et al. Soil Water Distribution and Phosphorus Utilization in Summer Maize Field Under New Tillage and Fertilization Method[J]. 2019, 33(2): 98-102. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2019.02.016.

摘要

为研究新型耕作施肥方式下的土壤水分、磷素空间动态分布、玉米磷素吸收利用及产量，在两茬夏玉米时期分别设置免耕浅施NPK肥（T1）、深松全层施NPK肥（T2）、深松两肥异位分层施NPK肥（T3）。结果表明：与T1相比，成熟期T2、T3的整株磷积累量平均分别提高15.9%和21.2%；T2、T3的磷肥生产效率、表观利用率、农学效率平均分别增加14.5%，11.0%和84.5%；其中T3的磷肥生产效率、表观利用率、农学效率分别较T2提高8.4%，11.6%和47.8%。T2、T3的土壤含水量较T1平均提高6.6%。T3处理将磷肥深施，有效提高20-40 cm土层土壤有效磷含量，较T1显著增加10.2 mg/kg。T2、T3的玉米产量较T1分别提升11.7%和22.6%；T3较T2的玉米产量提高9.7%。说明新型深松两肥异位分层施肥技术有效提高深层土壤保水性能，增加土壤下层有效磷含量，促进玉米磷素吸收，提升磷肥利用率，提高玉米产量，可以有效减少土壤水分和磷素营养损失。

Abstract

This research was conducted to explore the effects of new tillage and fertilization methods on soil water

phosphorus (P) spatial dynamic distribution

P uptake and utilization

and maize yield. In 2016-2017

three treatments of tillage and fertilization methods were designed

including T1 (no-tillage + upper NPK)

T2 (subsoiling + whole layer NPK)

T3 (application of N

K fertilizers to designated soil depth with subsoiling). The results showed that compared with T1

the total P accumulations of T2 and T3 in the mature period were increased by 15.9% and 21.2% respectively.The production efficiencies

apparent utilization rates and agronomic efficiencies of T2 and T3 were increased by 14.5%

11.0%

84.5% respectively. Compared with T2

the production efficiency

apparent utilization rate and agronomic efficiency of T3 were enhanced by 8.4%

11.6% and 47.8% respectively. Compared with T1

the soil water contents of T2 and T3 were both improved by 6.6%. The available P of T3

in which P fertilizer was applied to the deeper soil layer

was increased by 10.2 mg/kg than T1

effectively increasing the available P content in the 20-40 cm soil layer. Maize yields of T2 and T3 were increased by 11.7% and 22.6% respectively compared with T1. Maize yield in T3 was increased by 9.7% compared with T2. Therefore

the new tillage and fertilization method could improve the water retention performance of deep soil

increase the available P in the lower layer of the soil

then promote the P absorption of maize

increase the P fertilizer use efficiency

resulting in the enhanced maize yield and the reduced soil water and P nutrition losses.

关键词

Keywords

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