植物纤维毯道路边坡防护技术综合效益评价

刘宏远; 刘亮; 李秀军; 张科利; 罗建勇; 王静

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2019.01.054

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植物纤维毯道路边坡防护技术综合效益评价

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 植物纤维毯道路边坡防护技术综合效益评价
- Comprehensive Benefit Evaluation on the Protection Technique of Plant Fiber Blanket on the Road Side Slope
- 水土保持学报 2019年33卷第1期页码：345-352
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所, 湿地生态与环境重点实验室,长春,130102
  2. 西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所, 黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室, 陕西杨凌,712100
  3. 北京师范大学, 地理科学学部, 地表过程与资源生态国家重点实验室,北京,100875
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "刘宏远(1988-),男,博士,助理研究员,主要从事土壤侵蚀与水土保持及盐碱地土壤改良研究。E-mail:liuhongyuan@iga.ac.cn" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金项目（41471224，41730748）中国科学院重点部署项目（KFZD-SW-112）
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2019.01.054
  中图分类号： S157.2
- 纸质出版：2019
- 稿件说明：
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刘宏远, 刘亮, 李秀军, 等. 植物纤维毯道路边坡防护技术综合效益评价[J]. 水土保持学报, 2019,33(1):345-352.

LIU Hongyuan, LIU Liang, LI Xiujun, et al. Comprehensive Benefit Evaluation on the Protection Technique of Plant Fiber Blanket on the Road Side Slope[J]. 2019, 33(1): 345-352.
刘宏远, 刘亮, 李秀军, 等. 植物纤维毯道路边坡防护技术综合效益评价[J]. 水土保持学报, 2019,33(1):345-352. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2019.01.054.

LIU Hongyuan, LIU Liang, LI Xiujun, et al. Comprehensive Benefit Evaluation on the Protection Technique of Plant Fiber Blanket on the Road Side Slope[J]. 2019, 33(1): 345-352. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2019.01.054.

摘要

为系统评价植物纤维毯水土保持作用对不同雨强的响应以及改良土壤的作用，开展了人工模拟降雨试验和野外小区监测，在模拟降雨试验中，设计4个雨强，测试3种植物纤维毯，降雨历时均为60 min。在降雨过程中以5 min为间隔收集径流泥沙，并测定径流量和侵蚀泥沙量。在野外小区监测中，通过2007，2010，2013年施工的稻草毯小区，以及2014年施工的椰丝毯、椰丝稻草混合毯和稻草毯小区，评价土壤理化性质对植物纤维毯铺设年限和类型的响应差异。结果表明：在47 mm/h及以上雨强下，椰丝毯、椰丝稻草混合毯和稻草毯均能有效减少侵蚀和产流，平均减蚀效益分别为94.92%，86.06%，83.42%，平均减流效益分别为31.59%，45.02%，52.44%，减蚀效益显著优于减流效益。3种植物纤维毯均在47 mm/h雨强下减蚀效益和减流效益达到最高，其中最高减蚀效益为椰丝毯（97.54%），最高减流效益为椰丝稻草混合毯（88.26%）。随着雨强增大，减蚀效益和减流效益均不同程度降低，且减流效益降低更快。随着植物纤维毯铺设年限延长，土壤理化性质逐渐改善；铺设1年后，椰丝稻草混合毯改土效果最佳。

Abstract

In order to systematically estimate the effects of plant fiber blanket on soil and water conservation under different rainfall intensities and on soil amelioration

simulated rainfall experiments and filed monitoring were conducted. In the simulated rainfall experiments

four rainfall intensities were set up and three types of plant fiber blankets were tested. The designed rainfall duration was 60 min. During the rainfall

runoff and sediment were collected every 5 min

of which the runoff volume and sediment yield were measured. In the field monitoring

three plots covered with straw blanket which were constructed in 2007

2010 and 2013

respectively

and another three plots covered with coir blanket

mixed coir-straw blanket and straw blanket

respectively

which were constructed in 2014

were used to estimate the effects of the plant fiber blanket type and the time after constructed on soil's physical and chemical properties. The results showed that under 47 mm/h and above rainfall intensities

coir blanket

mixed coir-straw blanket and straw blanket could effectively reduce erosion and runoff

and the average soil loss reduction benefit was 94.92%

86.06% and 83.42%

respectively

and runoff was reduced by 31.59%

45.02% and 52.44%

respectively. This indicated that the efficiency of erosion reduction was apparently better than that of runoff reduction. The three kinds of plant fiber blankets had the highest effect of reducing erosion and runoff under 47 mm/h rainfall intensity. The highest erosion reduction efficiency was coir blanket (97.54%)

and mixed coir-straw blanket had the highest runoff reduction efficiency (88.26%). With the increasing of rainfall intensities

both the efficiencies of erosion reduction and runoff reduction decreased

and the efficiency of runoff reduction decreased faster. As time after plant fiber blanket constructed prolonged

the physical and chemical properties of the soils covered with plant fiber blanket were gradually improved. Among the three types of plant fiber blankets

mixed coir-straw blanket was the best in soil amelioration after one year's conduction.

关键词

Keywords

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