小五台山不同海拔土壤理化性质垂直变化规律

任启文; 王鑫; 李联地; 尤海舟; 毕君

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2019.01.038

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小五台山不同海拔土壤理化性质垂直变化规律

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 小五台山不同海拔土壤理化性质垂直变化规律
- Vertical Variation of Soil Physical and Chemical Properties at Different Altitudes in Xiaowutai Mountain
- 水土保持学报 2019年33卷第1期页码：241-247
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 河北省林业科学研究院,石家庄,050061
  2. 河北小五台山森林生态系统定位研究站, 河北涿鹿,075600
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "任启文(1980-),男,硕士,高级工程师,主要从事森林生态研究。E-mail:blrenqiwen@126.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  河北省重点研发计划项目（18226815D）河北省林业科学技术研究项目（1801500）河北省林业科学技术研究项目（1701484）
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2019.01.038
  中图分类号： X144;S718.5
- 纸质出版：2019
- 稿件说明：
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任启文, 王鑫, 李联地, 等. 小五台山不同海拔土壤理化性质垂直变化规律[J]. 水土保持学报, 2019,33(1):241-247.

REN Qiwen, WANG Xin, LI Liandi, et al. Vertical Variation of Soil Physical and Chemical Properties at Different Altitudes in Xiaowutai Mountain[J]. 2019, 33(1): 241-247.
任启文, 王鑫, 李联地, 等. 小五台山不同海拔土壤理化性质垂直变化规律[J]. 水土保持学报, 2019,33(1):241-247. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2019.01.038.

REN Qiwen, WANG Xin, LI Liandi, et al. Vertical Variation of Soil Physical and Chemical Properties at Different Altitudes in Xiaowutai Mountain[J]. 2019, 33(1): 241-247. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2019.01.038.

摘要

以河北小五台山不同海拔18块样地土壤为研究对象，分析和比较了不同海拔下土壤物理性质、持水能力、养分特征等14项指标，研究小五台山不同海拔土壤理化性质的垂直变化规律。结果表明：（1）随海拔的升高小五台山土壤容重逐步降低，总孔隙度逐步升高，毛管孔隙度变化不明显；随土层深度增加土壤容重变大，总孔隙度降低。（2）土壤含水量、毛管持水量、最大持水量、田间持水量随海拔升高逐渐升高，随土层深度增加逐渐降低，这种降低趋势随海拔增加逐渐扩大。（3）土壤有机质、全氮、全磷、碱解氮含量随海拔升高而逐渐升高，随土层深度增加而降低；土壤全钾含量随海拔升高表现为"先升后降"的抛物线型，在2 100~2 200 m达到峰值。0-20 cm土层速效钾和速效磷含量随海拔升高没有明显变化趋势；20-60 cm土层速效钾含量随海拔升高而升高，40-60 cm速效磷含量随海拔升高而降低。（4）土壤有机质、全氮、碱解氮含量有明显的"表聚现象"，且海拔越高越明显；土壤全磷和速效钾含量也有明显的"表聚现象"，海拔越高越不明显；土壤速效磷含量存在一定的"表聚现象"，但并不明显；土壤全钾含量没有"表聚现象"。

Abstract

Taking 18 soil plots at different altitudes as the research object in Xiaowutai Mountain

Hebei Province

14 indexes

such as soil physical properties

water-holding capacity and nutrient characteristics

were analyzed and compared to reveal the vertical variation of soil physical and chemical properties at different altitudes. The results showed that:(1) With the increasing of altitude

the soil bulk density gradually decreased

while the total porosity increased gradually

and the variation of capillary porosity was not obvious. As soil depth increased

soil bulk density increased and total porosity decreased. (2) Soil water content

capillary water-holding capacity

maximum water-holding capacity and field water-holding capacity increased gradually with the increasing of altitude

and gradually decreased with the increasing of soil depth

meanwhile this decreasing trend gradually expanded with the increasing of altitude. (3) The content of soil organic matter

total nitrogen

total phosphorus and alkali-nitrogen gradually increased with the increasing of altitude and decreased with the increasing of soil depth. The content of total potassium in soil was a parabolic type "first rising and then descending" with the increasing of altitude

and reaching its peak at 2 100~2 200 m. The content of available potassium and available phosphorus in 0-20 cm soil layer did not change obviously with the increasing of altitude. The content of available potassium in 20-60 cm soil layer increased with the increasing of altitude

while the content of available phosphorus in 40-60 cm soil layer decreased. (4) Soil organic matter

total nitrogen and alkaline nitrogen had obvious "surface aggregation phenomenon"

and the higher the altitude

the more obvious it was. The content of total phosphorus and available potassium had obvious "surface aggregation phenomenon"

and the higher the altitude

the less obvious it was. There was a certain "surface aggregation phenomenon" in soil available phosphorus content

but it was not obvious. Soil total potassium content had no "surface aggregation phenomenon".

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