碳氮添加对雨养农田土壤物理性状的影响

江晶; 武均; 张仁陟; 蔡立群

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2019.01.037

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碳氮添加对雨养农田土壤物理性状的影响

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 碳氮添加对雨养农田土壤物理性状的影响
- Effect of Carbon and Nitrogen Addition on Soil Physical Properties in Rainfed Farmland
- 水土保持学报 2019年33卷第1期页码：234-240
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 甘肃农业大学资源与环境学院,兰州,730070
  2. 甘肃农业大学甘肃省干旱生境作物学重点实验室,兰州,730070
  3. 甘肃农业大学管理学院,兰州,730070
  4. 甘肃省节水农业工程技术研究中心,兰州,730070
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "江晶(1982-),女,甘肃兰州人,博士研究生,讲师,主要从事土壤生态研究。E-mail:18693123776@163.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金项目（31571594，41661049）甘肃省自然科学基金项目（1606RJZA076）
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2019.01.037
  中图分类号： S145.6
- 纸质出版：2019
- 稿件说明：
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江晶, 武均, 张仁陟, 等. 碳氮添加对雨养农田土壤物理性状的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2019,33(1):234-240.

JIANG Jing, WU Jun, ZHANG Renzhi, et al. Effect of Carbon and Nitrogen Addition on Soil Physical Properties in Rainfed Farmland[J]. 2019, 33(1): 234-240.
江晶, 武均, 张仁陟, 等. 碳氮添加对雨养农田土壤物理性状的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2019,33(1):234-240. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2019.01.037.

JIANG Jing, WU Jun, ZHANG Renzhi, et al. Effect of Carbon and Nitrogen Addition on Soil Physical Properties in Rainfed Farmland[J]. 2019, 33(1): 234-240. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2019.01.037.

摘要

为探明添加不同碳源及不同量氮肥4年后对土壤物理性质、产量的影响，依托布设于甘肃省定西市安定区李家堡镇的不同碳源田间定位试验，设置2种碳源（生物质炭15 t/hm2，秸秆4.5 t/hm2），3个氮肥施用量（0，50，100 kg/hm2），共计9个处理。研究了生物质炭、秸秆配施氮肥对试区土壤容重、总孔隙度、土壤饱和导水率、土壤团聚体稳定性、产量的影响。结果表明：较之无碳添加处理，添加生物质炭或秸秆均可改善土壤物理性质，但生物质炭效果最好。秸秆输入对0-5 cm土层土壤容重的降低和总孔隙度、水稳性团聚体稳定性的提升具有显著效应，对土壤饱和导水率和0-30 cm各土层机械稳定性团聚体稳定性的提升具有显著效应，而生物质炭对0-30 cm各土层的土壤物理指标的改善均具有显著效应。氮素添加对土壤物理指标影响较小。生物质炭、秸秆、氮素均可促进作物增产，总体而言，生物质炭增产效果优于秸秆，尤其是生物质炭15 t/hm2+施纯氮100 kg/hm2处理。因此，添加生物质炭更有利于该区土壤物理性质的改善和产量的增加。

Abstract

A 4-year field trial was conducted at the Rained Agricultural Experimental Station of Gansu Agricultural University in the Loess Plateau of central Gansu Province. Experimental treatments of carbon (C) addition sources included straw

biochar and no C addition

and each C treatment was combined with three nitrogen (N) addition levels

50 and 100 kg/hm2 respectively. The experimental set-up was a randomized complete block design with three replications. The aim of the study was to determine the effect of different C sources and different N levels on soil bulk density

total porosity

soil saturated hydraulic conductivity

soil aggregate stability and crop yield. The soils were sampled at three layers (0-5

5-10 and 10-30 cm) per plot. The results showed that compared with no Caddition treatments

application of biochar or straw increased soil total porosity

reduce bulk density

especially biochar addition

it had significant effects on reducing bulk density and increasing soil total porosity at all three observed depths

the effects of straw addition

however

was observed at 0-5 cm layer. Both straw and biochar could significantly improve soil saturated hydraulic conductivity

but the effect of biochar addition was greater than that of straw addition plots. Among observed layers

in comparison with no C addition plots

both biochar addition and straw addition could enhance the amount of soil mechanical stable aggregates and MWD significantly

and the effect of biochar addition was greater than that of straw. The amount of soil water stable aggregates and MWD were increased more significantly in biochar addition soils than those in no C addition and straw addition treatments. Hence

both biochar and straw treated soils improved soil physical properties

and biochar showed the greatest effects. The effects of biochar

straw and nitrogen on crop yield were significant

but biochar was the best

especially biochar 15 t/hm2 + nitrogen 100 kg/hm2. As a whole

biochar addition was proposed for the sustainable agricultural development in the Loess Plateau of central Gansu Province.

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