深松和秸秆覆盖条件下紫色土坡耕地水分养分流失特征

刘海涛; 姚莉; 朱永群; 王宏; 许文志; 王谢; 林超文

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2018.06.009

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深松和秸秆覆盖条件下紫色土坡耕地水分养分流失特征

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 深松和秸秆覆盖条件下紫色土坡耕地水分养分流失特征
- Characteristics of Water and Nutrients Loss Under Subsoiling and Straw Mulching in Purple Soil Slope Cropland
- 水土保持学报 2018年32卷第6期页码：52-57
- 作者机构：
  
  四川省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所,成都,610066
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "刘海涛(1986-),男,助理研究员,主要从事土壤资源利用研究。E-mail:liuht1986@163.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家重点研发计划项目（2018YFD0200700）国家自然科学基金项目（41601217）公益性行业（农业）科研专项（201503119－03-01）
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2018.06.009
  中图分类号： S157.1
- 纸质出版：2018
- 稿件说明：
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刘海涛, 姚莉, 朱永群, 等. 深松和秸秆覆盖条件下紫色土坡耕地水分养分流失特征[J]. 水土保持学报, 2018,32(6):52-57.

LIU Haitao, YAO Li, ZHU Yongqun, et al. Characteristics of Water and Nutrients Loss Under Subsoiling and Straw Mulching in Purple Soil Slope Cropland[J]. 2018, 32(6): 52-57.
刘海涛, 姚莉, 朱永群, 等. 深松和秸秆覆盖条件下紫色土坡耕地水分养分流失特征[J]. 水土保持学报, 2018,32(6):52-57. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2018.06.009.

LIU Haitao, YAO Li, ZHU Yongqun, et al. Characteristics of Water and Nutrients Loss Under Subsoiling and Straw Mulching in Purple Soil Slope Cropland[J]. 2018, 32(6): 52-57. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2018.06.009.

摘要

旨在明确深松和秸秆覆盖2种措施在紫色土坡耕地中的水分养分流失特征规律，利用径流小区，结合平作、垄作、深松、完整秸秆覆盖和粉碎秸秆覆盖措施共设置9个试验处理，开展了2年的田间试验，对产量、地表径流、壤中流以及径流中的养分流失进行了测定。结果表明：（1）与平作相比，深松可显著增加壤中流量和壤中流中的总氮浓度，增加39.6%的总径流，以及85%的总氮量流失，同时还会降低玉米产量。（2）秸秆覆盖降低地表径流，增加壤中流量和壤中流中的总氮浓度，总径流增加6.4%，总氮量流失增加9.4%，秸秆覆盖对产量无显著影响。（3）粉碎秸秆覆盖的地表径流总氮浓度比完整秸秆覆盖处理低43.2%，2种覆盖方式在地表径流、壤中流及壤中流总氮损失上无显著差异。（4）深松+垄作处理养分流失量在所有处理中最高，产量最低，不适合在紫色土坡耕地应用。本研究阐明了深松和秸秆覆盖在紫色土坡耕地上相对新型的2种耕作措施在紫色土坡耕地上的产量效应和水土养分流失特征，为该措施在紫色土坡耕地利用的可行性评价提供了很好的参考。

Abstract

Subsoiling and straw mulching are widely used in mechanized agriculture. The research objective was to identify the characteristics of soil and nutrients loss under subsoiling and straw mulching in purple soil slope cropland. Nine experimental treatments

which included the conventional flat cultivation

ridge cultivation

subsoiling

full straw mulching and pulverized straw mulching

were conducted in runoff plots. The yield

surface runoff

subsurface flow

and nutrients contents were measured in the two-year trial. The research results are shown in follow:(1) Compared with flat planting

subsoiling significantly increased the subsurface flow and nitrogen concentration in the flow

increased total runoff by 39.6%

and increased the nitrogen loss in runoff by 85%

and the maize yields were decreased. (2) Straw mulching decreased surface runoff

increased subsurface flow and nitrogen concentration in the flow

increased the total runoff by 6.4%. Increased the total nitrogen loss by 9.4% and had no significant effect on maize yield. (3) The nitrogen concentration in surface runoff was 43.2% in pulverized straw mulching treatments

less than the full straw mulching treatments. There were no significant differences in the surface runoff

subsurface flow and nitrogen concentrations in the flow between the two straw mulching treatments. (4) Subsoilling+ridge treatment had the highest nutrient loss

but the lowest yield in all the treatments. So this tillage method was not applicable in the purples soil of slope cropland. The findings in this were useful for assessing the feasibility about subsoiling and straw mulching in purple soil slope cropland.

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