根系互作对苹果生长及

彭玲; 刘晓霞; 何流; 徐新翔; 葛顺峰; 姜远茂

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2018.04.056

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根系互作对苹果生长及

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- 根系互作对苹果生长及
- Effects of Root Interaction on the Apple Tree Growth, and Absorption, Utilization and Soil Residue of
- 水土保持学报 2018年32卷第4期页码：353-360
- 作者机构：
  
  山东农业大学园艺科学与工程学院, 作物生物学国家重点实验室,山东,泰安,271018
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "彭玲(1988-),女,在读博士研究生,主要从事苹果营养生理和土壤肥力研究。E-mail:zhushipink@163.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家重点研发计划项目（2016YFD0201100）国家自然科学基金项目（31501713）国家现代农业产业技术体系建设资金项目（CARS-27）
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2018.04.056
  中图分类号：
- 纸质出版：2018
- 稿件说明：
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彭玲, 刘晓霞, 何流, 等. 根系互作对苹果生长及[J]. 水土保持学报, 2018,32(4):353-360.

PENG Ling, LIU Xiaoxia, HE Liu, et al. Effects of Root Interaction on the Apple Tree Growth, and Absorption, Utilization and Soil Residue of[J]. 2018, 32(4): 353-360.
彭玲, 刘晓霞, 何流, 等. 根系互作对苹果生长及[J]. 水土保持学报, 2018,32(4):353-360. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2018.04.056.

PENG Ling, LIU Xiaoxia, HE Liu, et al. Effects of Root Interaction on the Apple Tree Growth, and Absorption, Utilization and Soil Residue of[J]. 2018, 32(4): 353-360. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2018.04.056.

摘要

在苹果/白三叶（M1）和苹果/黑麦草（M2）复合系统中，设置根系分隔（完全分隔N1、尼龙网分隔N2、不分隔N3），采用15N同位素示踪技术，研究了根系互作对苹果生长及15N吸收、利用，损失和土壤残留的影响。结果表明：苹果新梢旺长期，在M1中苹果各生长指标均为N3 > N2 > N1，在M2中趋势相反。与N1处理相比，M1中N2和N3处理苹果15N利用率分别增加了11.91%和18.96%，M2中分别降低了5.76%和8.99%，苹果全氮量和15N吸收量趋势相同。苹果根区土壤15N丰度、总氮含量和15N残留率均以N1处理最高，N3处理最低；苹果落叶期，两种复合体系中均以N3处理的苹果各生长指标最大，N1处理最低。在M1中N2和N3处理苹果根区土壤15N丰度分别比N1处理增加了22.33%和34.15%，在M2中增幅分别为13.73%和21.44%，土壤总氮含量呈相同趋势。M1和M2中苹果全氮量、15N吸收量和各器官Ndff值差异显著，均为N3 > N2 > N1。与N1处理相比，M1中N2和N3处理下苹果15N利用率分别增加了19.11%和42.66%，而15N损失率分别降低了13.55%和27.12%，在M2中趋势相同。苹果生长前期，黑麦草和苹果以负相竞争为主，白三叶对其促进效果亦不显著。而至苹果生长后期，两种牧草和苹果根系互作降低了苹果根区氮素损失，促进了苹果的氮素吸收利用和营养生长，且以间作白三叶效果最好。

Abstract

A pot experiment was carried out in apple-Trifolium repens Linn. (M1) and apple-Lolium perenne L. (M2) intercropping system to investigate the effects of root interaction on the growth and 15N-urea absorption

utilization

loss and residue of apple trees under different root barrier method (N1

N2 and N3 were equivalent to solid barrier

mesh barrier and no barrier

respectively)

using the 15N-labeled tracer technique. Results showed that

at new shoot growing stage

the growth index of apple trees displayed an order of N3 > N2 > N1 in M1 intercropping system

while the opposite tendency was observed in M2 intercropping system. Compared with N1 treatment

the 15N utilization rate of apple trees increased by 11.91% and 18.96% in M1 intercropping system under N2 and N3 treatment

but decreased by 5.76% and 8.99% in M2 intercropping system. The plant total N content and 15N absorption amount showed the same tendency. The effect on 15N abundance and total N content in the soil of apple trees were the most significant in N1 treatment

and the least in N3 treatment. At leaf fall period

the growth index of apple trees was obviously the highest in N3 treatment

and the lowest was found in N1 treatment. In comparison with N1 treatment

the soil 15N abundance of apple trees under N2 and N3 treatment increased by 22.33% and 34.15% in M1 intercropping system

and the rate of increase in M2 intercropping system were 13.73% and 21.44%

the total N content in the soil of apple trees showed the same tendency. There were significant differences in plant total N content

15N absorption amount and Ndff value among the treatments

which was in a trend of N3 > N2 > N1 in M1 and M2 intercropping system. The 15N utilization rate of apple trees under N2 and N3 treatment were 19.11% and 42.66% higher than that of N1 treatment

with the 15N loss rate were 13.55% and 27.12% lower than that of N1 treatment in M1 intercropping system

the same trend was showed in M2 intercropping system. Overall findings showed that it mainly showed a competitive effect in apple-Lolium perenne L. intercropping system and a relatively minor positive effect in apple-Trifolium repens Linn. intercropping system during early stages of apple growth. While in the later period of apple growth

the root interaction in forage grasses and apple trees reduced nitrogen loss and consequently improved the absorption

utilization of nitrogen nutrition and the growth of apple trees by a certain degree

and Trifolium repens Linn. played a better effect than Lolium perenne L.

关键词

Keywords

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