普通肥、控释掺混肥分层施肥对小麦生长的影响

梁海; 陈宝成; 韩慧芳; 王少博; 王桂伟; 陈剑秋

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2018.04.038

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

普通肥、控释掺混肥分层施肥对小麦生长的影响

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 普通肥、控释掺混肥分层施肥对小麦生长的影响
- Effects of Layered Application of Common Fertilizer and Controlled-release Bulk-blend Fertilizer on Wheat Growth
- 水土保持学报 2018年32卷第4期页码：240-245
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 土肥资源高效利用国家工程实验室,山东,泰安,271018
  2. 山东农业大学资源与环境学院,山东,泰安,271018
  3. 养分资源高效开发与综合利用国家重点试验室, 金正大生态工程集团股份有限公司, 山东临沭,276000
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "梁海(1994-),男,硕士研究生,主要从事土肥资源管理与高效利用研究。E-mail:516634429@qq.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家"十三五"重点研发计划项目"纳米复合包膜缓控释掺混肥料研制与应用"（2017YFD0200705）农业部公益性行业（农业）科研专项"水浇地合理耕层构建技术指标研究"（201503117）
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2018.04.038
  中图分类号：
- 纸质出版：2018
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
梁海, 陈宝成, 韩慧芳, 等. 普通肥、控释掺混肥分层施肥对小麦生长的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2018,32(4):240-245.

LIANG Hai, CHEN Baocheng, HAN Huifang, et al. Effects of Layered Application of Common Fertilizer and Controlled-release Bulk-blend Fertilizer on Wheat Growth[J]. 2018, 32(4): 240-245.
梁海, 陈宝成, 韩慧芳, 等. 普通肥、控释掺混肥分层施肥对小麦生长的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2018,32(4):240-245. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2018.04.038.

LIANG Hai, CHEN Baocheng, HAN Huifang, et al. Effects of Layered Application of Common Fertilizer and Controlled-release Bulk-blend Fertilizer on Wheat Growth[J]. 2018, 32(4): 240-245. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2018.04.038.

摘要

为了研究不同层次施肥对土壤养分及作物生长的影响，通过小麦盆栽试验，以农民习惯施肥（普通肥撒施后翻耕）为对照，设置不施肥、控释掺混肥混施、普通肥1层施肥加追肥、普通肥和控释掺混肥各1层（深度5 cm）、2层（5，10 cm）、3层（5，10，15 cm）施肥处理，筛选出普通肥、控释掺混肥各自最优的施肥层次，为田间分层施肥特别是目前农业推广的种肥同播技术提供支持。结果表明：与对照相比，普通肥1层、2层施肥处理显著增产14.02%和15.83%；普通肥两层施肥处理小麦生物量显著增加13.44%；控释掺混肥2层、3层施肥相比控释掺混肥混施处理显著增产7.47%和5.55%，小麦生物量差异不显著。小麦各个生长期的氮素供应普通肥以1层施肥或2层施肥为好，而控释掺混肥以2层施肥或3层施肥为好；不同处理的土壤有效磷、速效钾含量差异不显著。普通肥分层施肥处理氮肥利用率比对照分别提高44.4%，40.7%和62.9%，磷肥利用率分别提高35.7%，64.3%和42.8%，钾肥利用率分别提高16.7%，33.3%和53.3%，差异均达显著水平；而控释掺混肥各处理氮、钾肥利用率差异不显著，磷肥利用率则分别显著提高35.0%，30.0%和35.0%。在农业生产中，建议普通肥以2层（深度5，10 cm）施肥，控释掺混肥以2层（5，10 cm）或3层（5，10，15 cm）施肥的方式进行施肥。

Abstract

A wheat pot experiment was conducted to study the effects of different fertilization layers on soil nutrients and crop growth. The local farmer's customary fertilization (tillage after topsoil fertilization) was taken as control

and the following treatments was set:no fertilizer application

controlled-release bulk-blend fertilizer topsoil fertilization then tillage

one layer fertilization and topdressing of common fertilizer

common fertilizer layered fertilization and controlled-release bulk-blend fertilizer layered fertilization. The fertilization layers treatments included:one layer (5 cm)

two layers (5 and 10 cm) and three layers (5

10 and 15 cm). The aim was to select the optimal fertilization layers of common fertilizer and controlled-release bulk-blend fertilizer respectively

and to provide the theoretical support for the technology of layered fertilization

especially for the technology of sowing and fertilization at the same time which is popularized now. The results showed that compared with the topsoil fertilization of common bulk-blend fertilizer

the wheat yield was increased by 14.02% and 15.83% significantly under one layer and two layers fertilization of common fertilizer

respectively

and the biomass was significantly increased by 13.44% under two layers fertilization of common fertilizer. Compared with controlled-release bulk-blend fertilizer fertilization

the yield of two layers and three layers fertilization of controlled-release bulk-blend fertilizer was significantly increased by 7.47% and 5.55% respectively

but the biomass was increased insignificantly. The nitrogen supplying of one layer and two layers of common fertilizer fitted better with every wheat growing stage than other treatments

and two and three layers fertilization of controlled-release bulk-blend fertilizer better than other controlled-release bulk-blend layered fertilization. The contents of available phosphorus and available potassium were not significant among different treatments. Compared with the topsoil fertilization of common fertilizer

the nutrient use efficiency of common fertilizer layered fertilization was significantly increased by 44.4%

40.7% and 62.9% (nitrogen)

35.7%

64.3% and 42.8% (phosphorus) and 16.7%

33.3% and 53.3% (potassium)

respectively. But compared with the topsoil fertilization of controlled-release bulk-blend fertilizer

only the phosphorus use efficiency of controlled-release bulk-blend fertilizer layered fertilization was increased significantly by 35.0%

35.7%

and 35.0% respectively. So

it was suggested that two layers (5 and 10 cm) fertilization of common fertilizer

two layers (5 and 10 cm) or three layers (5

10 and 15 cm) fertilization of controlled-release bulk-blend fertilizer should be practiced in agricultural production.

关键词

Keywords

references

李志勇,王璞,魏亚萍,等.不同施肥条件下夏玉米的干物质积累、产量及氮肥利用效率[J].华北农学报,2003,18(4):91-94.

战秀梅,李亭亭,韩晓日,等.不同施肥方式对春玉米产量、效益及氮素吸收和利用的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2011,17(4):93-100.

巨晓棠,张福锁.关于氮肥利用率的思考[J].生态环境,2003,12(2):192-197.

张晓雪,吴冬婷,龚振平,等.施肥深度对大豆氮磷钾吸收及产量的影响[J].核农学报,2012,26(2):364-368.

郭宁,李文斌,沈玉芳,等.施肥深度对半干旱区冬小麦生物学性状及产量的影响[J].麦类作物学报,2011,31(3):504-507.

郭建勋.化肥机械深施与传统施肥和人工施肥对比[J].农业工程,2013,3(1):26-27.

朱兆良.中国土壤氮素研究[J].土壤学报,2008,45(5):778-783.

段亮,常江,段增强.地表管理与施肥方式对太湖流域旱地磷素流失的影响[J].农业环境科学学报,2007,26(1):24-28.

Zeng S C, Su Z Y, Chen B G, et al. Nitrogen and phosphorus runoff losses from orchard soils in South China as affected by fertilization depths and rates[J]. Pedosphere,2008,18(1):45-53.

石岩,位东斌,于振文,等.施肥深度对旱地小麦氮素利用及产量的影响[J].核农学报,2001,15(3):180-183.

张永清,李华,苗果园.施肥深度对春小麦根系分布及后期衰老的影响[J].土壤,2006,38(1):110-112.

王法政,董雅茹,杨克军.低湿耕地玉米分层配比施肥的研究[J].黑龙江八一农垦大学学报,1993,7(2):10-14.

吴景贵,任成礼,代静玉,等.玉米一次性分层施肥技术研究[J].土壤肥料,1995,1(1):29-32.

王振华,张喜英,陈素英,等.分层施肥及供水对冬小麦生理特性、根系分布和产量的影响[J].华北农学报,2008,23(6):180-184.

汪强,李双凌,韩燕来,等.缓/控释掺混肥对小麦增产与提高氮肥利用率的效果研究[J].土壤通报,2007,38(1):47-50.

邹忠君.玉米一次性分层缓释施肥技术试验研究[J].农学学报,2011,1(4):6-9.

Guo L, Ning T, Nie L, et al. Interaction of deep placed controlled-release urea and water retention agent on nitrogen and water use and maize yield[J]. European Journal of Agronomy,2016,75:118-129.

鲁如坤.土壤农业化学分析方法[M]:北京:中国农业科技出版社,2000.

浏览量

1259

下载量

CSCD

文章被引用时，请邮件提醒。

提交

工具集

关联资源

有机肥替代化肥氮素对麦田土壤碳氮迁移特征的影响

缓释尿素对两种土壤小麦氮素运转、产量和土壤无机氮的影响

速缓效氮肥配施有机肥对滨海盐渍土供氮能力及小麦产量的影响

节水灌溉方式与磷钾肥减施对小麦产量、品质及水肥利用效率的影响