缓释尿素对两种土壤小麦氮素运转、产量和土壤无机氮的影响

袁嫚嫚; 邬刚; 孙义祥; 张祥明; 王文军; 曹哲伟

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2018.04.037

您当前的位置：

首页 >

文章列表页 >

缓释尿素对两种土壤小麦氮素运转、产量和土壤无机氮的影响

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 缓释尿素对两种土壤小麦氮素运转、产量和土壤无机氮的影响
- Effects of Slow-released Urea on Nitrogen Translation and Yield of Wheat and Soil Inorganic Nitrogen in Two Soils
- 水土保持学报 2018年32卷第4期页码：233-239
- 作者机构：
  
  养分循环与资源环境安徽省重点实验室(安徽省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所),合肥,230031
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "袁嫚嫚(1983-),女,安徽宿州人,博士研究生,助理研究员,主要从事生态环境与农业资源研究。E-mail:mmyuan@issas.ac.cn" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家重点研发计划项目（2016YFD0200806）安徽省农业科学院创新团队项目（18C1021）
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2018.04.037
  中图分类号：
- 纸质出版：2018
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
袁嫚嫚, 邬刚, 孙义祥, 等. 缓释尿素对两种土壤小麦氮素运转、产量和土壤无机氮的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2018,32(4):233-239.

YUAN Manman, WU Gang, SUN Yixiang, et al. Effects of Slow-released Urea on Nitrogen Translation and Yield of Wheat and Soil Inorganic Nitrogen in Two Soils[J]. 2018, 32(4): 233-239.
袁嫚嫚, 邬刚, 孙义祥, 等. 缓释尿素对两种土壤小麦氮素运转、产量和土壤无机氮的影响[J]. 水土保持学报, 2018,32(4):233-239. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2018.04.037.

YUAN Manman, WU Gang, SUN Yixiang, et al. Effects of Slow-released Urea on Nitrogen Translation and Yield of Wheat and Soil Inorganic Nitrogen in Two Soils[J]. 2018, 32(4): 233-239. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2018.04.037.

摘要

为探明缓释尿素与普通尿素掺混比例对安徽小麦花后氮素运转特征和土壤氮素盈余的影响，分别选择安徽省北方小麦产区小麦—玉米轮作和南方小麦产区小麦—水稻轮作方式，土壤类型分别为两合土和黄棕壤，设置不施氮肥处理（CK）、农民习惯处理（Ncon）、减少普通尿素用量的优化氮素处理（Nopt）、缓释尿素及其掺混普通尿素处理（SRU1、SRU2、SRU3）和普通尿素全部基施处理（SRU4），分析了不同施肥处理在两种土壤上小麦花后氮素转运、产量、氮肥利用率和土壤无机氮积累量。结果表明：与黄棕壤比较，相同施肥处理两合土上小麦产量、花后氮素积累量和氮素运转量显著增加，平均分别增加了71.8%，199.1%和25.8%，而氮素转移率和土壤氮素表观盈余量平均分别降低16.1%和49.7%。在两种土壤上，与Ncon比较，缓释尿素及其掺混普通尿素处理小麦产量差异不大，显著提高了氮肥利用率，黄棕壤和两合土上增幅分别达43.7%~91.9%和6.6%~26.9%，以缓释尿素掺混普通尿素比例2∶1处理（SRU2）最高；与Nopt相比，仅两合土上SRU2氮肥利用率显著提高。在小麦生育后期，农民习惯施肥处理0—30 cm土壤NO3-—N和NH4+—N积累量明显高于缓释尿素处理，且土壤氮素盈余量高于其他处理。缓释尿素与尿素掺混实现了一次性简化施肥，可保障小麦产量、提高氮肥利用率、减少土壤氮素盈余量及降低环境污染风险。

Abstract

In order to reveal the influence of the mix ratio between slow released urea (SRU) and ordinary urea on the nitrogen (N) translocation and soil mineral nitrogen accumulation of post-anthesis wheat

the effect of N managements of control (CK)

conventional (Ncon)

optimized (Nopt)

different mix ratios of SRU to urea (SRU1、SRU2、SRU3)

and only urea (SRU4) on post-anthesis N translocation

yield

nitrogen use efficiency (NUE)

soil NO3--N and NH4+-N accumulation of wheat was investigated via field experiments between the mixed soil and yellow-brown soil corresponding to the wheat-maize and wheat-rice rotation distributed over Anhui province. Results showed that the yield

the amount of post-anthesis N accumulation and translocation in mixed soil were higher than those in yellow-brown soil under the same treatment

which increased by 71.8%

199.1% and 25.8% on average

respectively. However

N translocation rate and apparent surplus amount of soil mineral N decreased by 16.1% and 49.7% on average in mixed soil than those in yellow-brown soil

respectively. Compared to the Ncon

yield showed no obvious differences

but NUE was significantly higher under the treatments of SRUs

which increased by 43.7%~91.9% and 6.6%~26.9% between mixed soil and yellow-brown soil. The highest NUE was under the treatment of SRU2 (ratios of SRU to urea 2:1). Compared to the Nopt

NUE increased at significant level only under the treatment of SRU2 in mixed soil. There was more soil NO3--N and NH4+-N accumulation in 0-30 cm soil layer in Ncon than in SURs in post-anthesis of wheat

while the accumulation soil mineral N showed similar trend. The results showed it decreased accumulation soil mineral N under the treatments of SRUs in the late growth period of wheat with higher wheat yield and NUE. Therefore

one-time applying of the mix of SRU to urea could improve wheat yield

and reduce environmental pollution risk.

关键词

Keywords

references

范仲卿,赵广才,田奇卓,等.拔节期至开花期控水对冬小麦氮素吸收运转的影响[J].核农学报,2014,28(8):1478-1483.

范雪梅,戴廷波,姜东,等.花后干旱与渍水下氮素供应对小麦碳氮运转的影响[J].水土保持学报,2004,18(6):63-67.

丁锦峰,陈芳芳,王云翠,等.后期追氮时期对扬麦20花后光合物质生产力和产量的影响[J].扬州大学学报(农业与生命科学版),2012,33(3):56-62.

白由路.我国肥料产业面临的挑战与发展机遇[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2017,23(1):1-8.

Yang Y C, Zhang M, Zheng L, et al. Controlled release urea improved nitrogen use efficiency, yield, quality of wheat[J]. Agronomy Journal,2011,103(2):479-485.

Zheng W K, Zhang M, Liu Z G, et al. Combining controlled-release urea and normal urea to improve the nitrogen use efficiency and yield under wheat-maize double cropping system[J]. Field Crops Research,2016,197:52-62.

袁嫚嫚,邬刚,孙义祥.淮北地区缓释尿素对小麦生长、氮肥利用及土壤硝态氮的影响[J].中国土壤与肥料,2015,52(3):29-33,78.

Trinh T H, Kushaari K, Shuib A S, et al. Modeling the release of nitrogen from controlled release fertilizer:Constant and decay release[J]. Biosystems Engineering,2015,130:34-42.

程冬冬,窦午红,赵贵哲,等.高分子缓/控释肥氮磷养分释放特征及影响因素研究[J].应用基础与工程科学学报,2015,23(3):484-492.

Masoni A, Ercoli L, Mariotti M, et al. Post-anthesis accumulation and remobilization of dry matter, nitrogen and phosphorus in durum wheat as affected by soil type[J]. European Journal of Agronomy,2007,26(3):179-186.

金之庆,石春林,葛道阔,等.长江下游平原小麦生长气候变化特点及小麦发展方向[J].江苏农业学报,2001,17(4):193-199.

何照范.籽粒粮油品质及其分析技术[M].北京:中国农业出版社,1985.

Novoa R, Loomis R S. Nitrogen and plant production[J]. Plant Soil,1981,58:177-204.

赵满兴,周建斌,杨绒,等.不同施氮量对旱地不同品种冬小麦氮素累积、运输和分配的影响[J].植物营养与肥料学报,2006,12(2):143-149.

石玉,于振文. 施肥量及低追比例对小麦产量、土壤硝态氮含量和氮平衡的影响[J].生态学报,2006,26(11):3362-3369.

朱兆良.农田中氮肥的损失与对策[J].土壤与环境,2000,9(1):1-6.

Geng J B, Sun Y B, Zhang M, et al. Long-term effects of controlled release urea application on crop yields and soil fertility[J]. Field Corps Research,2015,184:65-73.

吴晓静,江海东,周琴.花后酸雨和渍水胁迫对小麦氮代谢关键酶活性及籽粒蛋白质组成的影响[J].南京农业大学学报,2016,39(1):26-33.

杨宪龙,路永莉,同延安,等.施氮和秸秆还田对小麦-玉米轮作农田硝态氮淋溶的影响[J].土壤学报,2013,50(3):564-573.

浏览量

1198

下载量

CSCD

文章被引用时，请邮件提醒。

提交

工具集

关联资源

施氮量对冀西北春玉米氮肥利用率和土壤硝态氮时空分布的影响

化肥减量配合紫云英还田对双季稻产量及氮肥利用率的影响

合理氮肥运筹提高双季机插稻产量及氮肥利用率

有机肥替代化肥氮素对麦田土壤碳氮迁移特征的影响

油菜不同生长期稻田土壤无机氮形态及氮肥利用率对控释氮肥施用的响应