黄土高原典型植被枯落物坡面分布及持水特征

汪建芳; 王兵; 王忠禹; 李兆松; 肖婧

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2018.04.022

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黄土高原典型植被枯落物坡面分布及持水特征

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 黄土高原典型植被枯落物坡面分布及持水特征
- Slope Distribution and Water Holding Characteristics of Typical Vegetation Litter on the Loess Plateau
- 水土保持学报 2018年32卷第4期页码：139-144
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室, 陕西杨凌,712100
  2. 中国科学院大学,北京,100049
  3. 中国科院水利部水土保持研究所, 陕西杨凌,712100
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "汪建芳(1991-),女,甘肃天水人,硕士研究生,主要从事土壤侵蚀研究。E-mail:w18691866409@163.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金重点项目"退耕驱动近地表特性变化对侵蚀过程的影响及其动力机制"（41530858）陕西省创新人才推进计划—青年科技新星项目"黄土高原典型草地植物根系对土壤分离过程的影响"（2017KJXX-88）国家自然科学基金面上项目"基于RUSLE模型的黄土高原草地植被"（K3050217177）
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2018.04.022
  中图分类号：
- 纸质出版：2018
- 稿件说明：
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汪建芳, 王兵, 王忠禹, 等. 黄土高原典型植被枯落物坡面分布及持水特征[J]. 水土保持学报, 2018,32(4):139-144.

WANG Jianfang, WANG Bing, WANG Zhongyu, et al. Slope Distribution and Water Holding Characteristics of Typical Vegetation Litter on the Loess Plateau[J]. 2018, 32(4): 139-144.
汪建芳, 王兵, 王忠禹, 等. 黄土高原典型植被枯落物坡面分布及持水特征[J]. 水土保持学报, 2018,32(4):139-144. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2018.04.022.

WANG Jianfang, WANG Bing, WANG Zhongyu, et al. Slope Distribution and Water Holding Characteristics of Typical Vegetation Litter on the Loess Plateau[J]. 2018, 32(4): 139-144. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2018.04.022.

摘要

选取黄土高原丘陵沟壑区刺槐、柠条、铁杆蒿、白羊草4种典型植被样地，系统研究枯落物蓄积量、持水量和拦蓄量变化情况。结果表明：（1）枯落物地表蓄积量（0.14~0.83 kg/m2）和土壤中混入量（0.18~0.66 kg/m2）均表现为林地>灌木林地>草地，而土壤中枯落物所占比重（44.1%~73.5%）则表现为草地>灌木林地>林地；林地（刺槐和柠条）地表枯落物和土壤中枯落物沿坡长均表现为增加—减少交替的周期性变化，草地（白羊草和铁杆蒿）则随坡长的增大而增加。（2）枯落物持水量可表示为浸泡时间的对数函数（R2≥0.89，p<0.01）；白羊草样地地表枯落物持水量最高，刺槐林地土壤中枯落物持水量最高；土壤中枯落物最大持水量均不同程度地高于地表枯落物（1.9~2.5倍）。（3）土壤中枯落物有效拦蓄量校正系数为0.34~0.48，普遍小于地表枯落物；地表和土壤中枯落物有效拦蓄量分别为2.4~12.5 t/hm2和1.6~5.8 t/hm2，其中林地土壤中枯落物有效拦蓄量低于地表枯落物，而草地则高于地表枯落物。总体而言，刺槐样地枯落物总有效拦蓄量最大（16.4 t/hm2），是其他样地的1.5~4.1倍。研究结果为评价黄土高原典型植被枯落物持水特征、深入理解植被恢复水文效应提供重要依据。

Abstract

Influenced by vegetation types

there are significant differences in the distribution and water holding characteristics of litter. This study selected four typical vegetation plots of Robinia psendoacacia

Caragana intermedia

Artemisia gmelinii and Bothriochlo aischaemum in the hilly area of the Loess Plateau

and studied the changes of litter volume

water holding capacity and storage capacity. The results showed that:(1) The surface litter volume (0.14~0.83 kg/m2) and soil litter volume (0.18~0.66 kg/m2) were both followed the order of forest land>shrub land>grassland

while the proportion of soil litter to total litter volume (44.1%~73.5%) was grassland>shrub land>forest land. Surface litters and soil litters in both R. psendoacacia and C. intermedia forest lands showed an alternate cycle of increasing and decreasing along the slope. However

the surface litter and soil litter increased with the increasing of slope length. (2) The water holding capacity of the litter was a logarithmic function of soaking time (R2 ≥ 0.89

p<0.01). The water holding capacity of the surface litter of B. aischaemum was the highest

and the water holding capacity of the soil litter of R. psendoacacia forest was the highest. The maximum water holding capacity of soil litter was higher than that of surface litter in varying degrees

which was 1.9~2.5 times higher than that of surface litter. (3) The correction coefficient of effective interception of soil litter was 0.34~0.48

which was generally less than that of surface litter. The effective storage capacity of ground litter and soil litter was 2.4~12.5 t/hm2 and 1.6~5.8 t/hm2

respectively. The effective storage capacity of soil litter was lower than that of surface litter in forest land

while the opposite trend was found in the grassland. In general

the total effective interception of litter in R. pseudoacacia plot was the maximum (16.4 t/hm2)

which was 1.5~4.1 times that of other plots. The results provided an important basis for evaluating the water-holding characteristics of litter in typical vegetation and understanding the hydrological effects of vegetation restoration on the Loess Plateau.

关键词

Keywords

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