西南岩溶区粉垄耕作和免耕方式下甘蔗地土壤优先流特征

陈晓冰; 严磊; 陈廷速; 李振东; 甘磊; SAEEDRad

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2018.04.010

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西南岩溶区粉垄耕作和免耕方式下甘蔗地土壤优先流特征

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 西南岩溶区粉垄耕作和免耕方式下甘蔗地土壤优先流特征
- The Characteristics of Preferential Flow in Sugarcane Field with Smash-Ridging and No-Tillage in the Karst Area of Southwest China
- 水土保持学报 2018年32卷第4期页码：58-66
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 桂林理工大学, 广西岩溶地区水污染控制与用水安全保障协同创新中心,广西,桂林,541004
  2. 桂林理工大学, 广西环境污染控制理论与技术重点实验室,广西,桂林,541004
  3. 桂林理工大学环境科学与工程学院,广西,桂林,541004
  4. 广西农业科学院微生物研究所,南宁,530007
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "陈晓冰(1988-),男,博士,讲师,主要从事土壤水分运动与模拟研究。E-mail:jayvision_chen@126.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家自然科学基金项目（41701248，41501230）广西自然科学基金项目（2017GXNSFBA198102，2016GXNSFAA380197）广西中青年教师基础能力提升项目（2017KY0270）广西环境污染控制理论与技术重点实验室研究基金项目（桂科能1701K009）
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2018.04.010
  中图分类号：
- 纸质出版：2018
- 稿件说明：
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陈晓冰, 严磊, 陈廷速, 等. 西南岩溶区粉垄耕作和免耕方式下甘蔗地土壤优先流特征[J]. 水土保持学报, 2018,32(4):58-66.

CHEN Xiaobing, YAN Lei, CHEN Tingsu, et al. The Characteristics of Preferential Flow in Sugarcane Field with Smash-Ridging and No-Tillage in the Karst Area of Southwest China[J]. 2018, 32(4): 58-66.
陈晓冰, 严磊, 陈廷速, 等. 西南岩溶区粉垄耕作和免耕方式下甘蔗地土壤优先流特征[J]. 水土保持学报, 2018,32(4):58-66. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2018.04.010.

CHEN Xiaobing, YAN Lei, CHEN Tingsu, et al. The Characteristics of Preferential Flow in Sugarcane Field with Smash-Ridging and No-Tillage in the Karst Area of Southwest China[J]. 2018, 32(4): 58-66. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2018.04.010.

摘要

以西南岩溶区的典型农地甘蔗地为研究对象，采用野外染色示踪技术，利用形态学解析手段，并结合土壤水分分层评价方法，对粉垄耕作和免耕方式下甘蔗地土壤优先流特征进行研究。结果表明：在相同外部供水条件下，粉垄耕作甘蔗地水分下渗湿润锋迹线较免耕甘蔗地平缓，呈均匀整体形式下渗，平均下渗深度是免耕甘蔗地的0.95倍，其优先流染色形态相对于免耕甘蔗地的枝状分化状态，多以零散团块状分化形式为主；在相同外部条件下，免耕甘蔗地最先发生优先流现象，优先流的发生速度是粉垄耕作甘蔗地的1.45倍，平均优先流比达88.61%，大于粉垄耕作甘蔗地（82.89%），二者之间差异显著（P<0.05）；沿土壤深度的增加，优先流在粉垄耕作甘蔗地土壤空间中的发展变化程度表现为"次活跃—活跃—次活跃—相对稳定—次活跃"，而免耕甘蔗地表现为"次活跃—活跃—次活跃—相对稳定"，免耕甘蔗地的优先流空间发展变化程度较高，主要发生在5—35 cm土层范围内，相比粉垄耕作甘蔗地10—30 cm土层深。粉垄耕作方式与免耕方式相比，降低了岩溶区甘蔗地土壤优先流的发生与发展，在一定程度上提高了土壤的保肥蓄水能力。

Abstract

Preferential flow is a non-equilibrium flow which presents the rapid movement of water and solute transport in soil. It has become a significant soil water movement type in special geological conditions of karst area. This paper concentrated on typical farmland of sugarcane field with smash-ridging and no-tillage types in the karst area of Southwest China

using the methods of brilliant blue dye

image analytics and the soil moisture layer evaluation to present the soil preferential flow features of two tillage types. The results showed that under the same water supply condition

the wetting front curve of sugarcane field with smash-ridging was more gentle than no-tillage field. The average infiltration depth of sugarcane field with smash-ridging was 0.05 times lower than that of no-tillage type

which presented homogeneous infiltration pattern. The preferential flow staining pattern of sugarcane field with two tillage types was scattered clumps (smash-ridging type) and dendritic patterns (no-tillage type)

respectively. At the same external condition

the occurrence of preferential flow was faster in sugarcane field with no-tillage

which the rate of preferential flow was 1.45 times higher than the sugarcane field with smash-ridging. The average preferential flow fraction of sugarcane field with smash-ridging was 82.89%

which was lower than the no-tillage (88.61%). There was significant difference between them (P<0.05). Along with soil depth

the occurrence and change degrees of preferential flow in sugarcane field with smash-ridging changed from secondary active

active

secondary active

relatively stable

and to secondary active

while the change degrees of preferential flow in no-tillage type was higher

which changed from secondary active

active

secondary active

and to relatively stable. The occurrence of preferential flow in no-tillage type was mainly at depths of 5-35 cm

which was deeper than the smash-ridging type (10-30 cm). Compared with the no-tillage type

the smash-ridging type reduced the occurrence and change degrees of preferential flow in sugarcane field of karst area. The soil abilities of water and fertility retention were improved to a certain extent.

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