解冻期坡面降雨入渗特征及模拟试验研究

程圣东; 张辉; 李占斌; 鲁克新; 任宗萍

doi:10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2018.04.003

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解冻期坡面降雨入渗特征及模拟试验研究

更新时间：2025-03-12

- 解冻期坡面降雨入渗特征及模拟试验研究
- Study on Rainfall Infiltration Characteristics and Simulation Test of Slope Surface During Thawing Period
- 水土保持学报 2018年32卷第4期页码：12-17
- 作者机构：
  
  1. 西安理工大学省部共建西北旱区生态水利国家重点实验室,西安,710048
  2. 陕西西部联盟生态股份有限公司,西安,710075
- 作者简介：
  
  [ "程圣东(1983-),男,博士,讲师,主要从事土壤侵蚀与水土保持研究。E-mail:xautcsd@163.com" ]
- 基金信息：
  
  国家重点研发计划项目（2017YFC0504704）国家自然科学基金项目（41601291，51609196）陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目（2016JM4017）
- DOI：10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2018.04.003
  中图分类号：
- 纸质出版：2018
- 稿件说明：
移动端阅览
程圣东, 张辉, 李占斌, 等. 解冻期坡面降雨入渗特征及模拟试验研究[J]. 水土保持学报, 2018,32(4):12-17.

CHENG Shengdong, ZHANG Hui, LI Zhanbin, et al. Study on Rainfall Infiltration Characteristics and Simulation Test of Slope Surface During Thawing Period[J]. 2018, 32(4): 12-17.
程圣东, 张辉, 李占斌, 等. 解冻期坡面降雨入渗特征及模拟试验研究[J]. 水土保持学报, 2018,32(4):12-17. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2018.04.003.

CHENG Shengdong, ZHANG Hui, LI Zhanbin, et al. Study on Rainfall Infiltration Characteristics and Simulation Test of Slope Surface During Thawing Period[J]. 2018, 32(4): 12-17. DOI： 10.13870/j.cnki.stbcxb.2018.04.003.

摘要

通过室内人工模拟降雨试验和水量平衡方法，研究解冻期坡面降雨入渗规律。试验处理包括4个初始解冻深度（0，2，4，6 cm）和3个降雨强度（0.6，0.9，1.2 mm/min）。结果表明：（1）在坡面的降雨入渗过程中，随降雨历时的延长，入渗率呈由高到低的变化，波动性明显；（2）坡面初始入渗率受降雨强度的影响较大，0.9，1.2 mm/min雨强下的初始入渗率显著大于0.6 mm/min下的初始入渗率（p<0.05）；不同初始解冻深度下的稳定入渗率相差较小，平均入渗率的变化趋势与稳定入渗率的变化趋势相似，均随初始解冻深度的增加呈现先减小后增大，临界解冻深度为4 cm；初始解冻深度为6 cm时的累计入渗量显著大于解冻深度为0，2，4 cm的累计入渗量（p<0.05）；累计入渗量在0.6 mm/min雨强下随初始解冻深度的增加而增加，而在0.9，1.2 mm/min雨强下呈先减小后增大的变化趋势，临界解冻深度分别为2，4 cm；（3）采用Kostiakov模型、Horton模型、蒋定生模型和Philip模型对试验结果进行模拟后发现，Horton模型最能反映解冻期坡面土壤降雨入渗的特征。研究结果可为揭示解冻期产流机制变化以及土壤侵蚀规律提供参考。

Abstract

Through indoor simulated rainfall experiment and water balance methods

the rainfall infiltration law of slope during thawing period was studied. The experimental treatments included 4 initial thawing depths (0

4 and 6 cm) and 3 rainfall intensities (0.6

0.9 and 1.2 mm/min). The results showed that:(1) The infiltration process varied from high to low with the increase of rainfall duration. (2) The initial infiltration rate of slope surface was greatly affected by rainfall intensity. The initial infiltration rate under rainfall intensity of 0.9 mm/min was significantly higher than that of 0.6 mm/min (p<0.05)

and the steady infiltration rate at different initial thawing depths was smaller than that at different initial thawing depth. The change trend of average infiltration rate and the steady infiltration rate decreased firstly and then increased with the increase of initial thawing depth and the critical thawing depth was 4 cm. The cumulative infiltration amount at the initial thawing depth of 6 cm was significantly larger than that at 0 cm

2 cm and 4 cm

and the cumulative infiltration amount increased with the increase of thawing depth under the rainfall intensity of 0.6 mm/min. However

under the rain intensity of 0.9 and 1.2 mm/min

the critical thawing depth was 2 cm and 4 cm

which decreased first and then increased. (3) By using the Kostiakov

Horton

Jiang Dingsheng and Philip models to simulate the experimental results

it was found that Horton model could best reflect the characteristics of rainfall infiltration on slope during thawing period. These findings were expected to reveal the change mechanism of runoff production and soil erosion during the thawing period.

关键词

Keywords

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